Objective:To investigate the effects of PRND downregulation on the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of human renal carcinoma cells.Methods:Clinical and transcriptomic data from renal carcinoma patients were analyzed using the TCGA database, with bioinformatics methods employed for differential gene expression analysis and survival analysis [including overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)]. Postoperative pathological specimens from 50 renal carcinoma patients admitted to Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2022 and January 2023 were collected for immunohistochemical staining to assess PRND expression in renal carcinoma tissues. Two distinct small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to downregulate PRND expression in renal carcinoma cell lines ACHN and 769P. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting were performed to validate the knockdown efficiency of PRND at the mRNA and protein levels. The proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of ACHN and 769P cells were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), cell migration assay, and invasion assay, which was compared between the negative control group (NC) and the two PRND knockdown groups (si1 and si2). Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of MMP-9, E-cadherin, C-myc, Vimentin, β-catenin, and PD-L1 proteins in ACHN and 769P cell lines.Results:TCGA database analysis revealed that PRND expression was significantly higher in renal carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues (1.172 vs. 0.383, P<0.01). Survival analysis indicated that high PRND expression was significantly negatively correlated with both OS ( P<0.01) and DFS ( P<0.01). CCK-8 assay results showed no statistically significant differences in cell viability between the experimental and control groups at 6 hours (ACHN-si1: 1.238±0.659, ACHN-si2: 1.437±0.359, ACHN-NC: 3.234±2.165, P>0.05). However, significant differences were observed at 24 hours (ACHN-si1: 5.608±0.716, ACHN-si2: 7.088±0.308, ACHN-NC: 9.764±1.088, P<0.01), 48 hours (ACHN-si1: 40.422±1.419, ACHN-si2: 41.238±2.623, ACHN-NC: 65.823±4.337, P<0.01), and 72 hours (ACHN-si1: 53.667±4.565, ACHN-si2: 54.533±2.572, ACHN-NC: 78.800±0.265, P<0.01). Similar trends were observed in 769P cells (6 hours: P>0.05; 24 hours: P<0.05; 48 and 72 hours: P<0.01). Cell migration assays demonstrated significantly reduced migration in the experimental groups (ACHN-si1: 31±10, ACHN-si2: 62±19, ACHN-NC: 175±45, P<0.01; 769P-si1: 79±16, 769P-si2: 62±14, 769P-NC: 236±77, P<0.05). Invasion assays also showed significant suppression in the experimental groups (ACHN-si1: 13±9, ACHN-si2: 15±8, ACHN-NC: 54±12, P<0.01; 769P-si1: 17±13, 769P-si2: 19±17, 769P-NC: 91±29, P<0.01). Western blotting revealed that C-myc, β-catenin, MMP-9, Vimentin, and PD-L1 protein levels were lower in the experimental groups, while E-cadherin expression was higher compared to the control groups. Conclusions:PRND is significantly overexpressed in renal carcinoma tissues and closely associated with poor patient prognosis. Downregulation of PRND markedly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of renal carcinoma cells, potentially through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins and key molecules involved in tumor metastasis.

Senile osteoporosis is a growing public health challenge with significant impacts on the daily life of the elderly population as a result of its hidden nature,high prevalence,and high risk of disability.Suitable animal models that simulate senile osteoporosis are crucial for understanding its pathological mechanism and to facilitate the development of anti-osteoporosis drugs and identify new therapeutic targets.This review considers the most commonly used method for creating animal models of senile osteoporosis,analyzes their advantages and limitations,and discusses research progress in animal models in terms of evaluation indicators,to provide references for research using animal models of senile osteoporosis.

Senile osteoporosis is a growing public health challenge with significant impacts on the daily life of the elderly population as a result of its hidden nature,high prevalence,and high risk of disability.Suitable animal models that simulate senile osteoporosis are crucial for understanding its pathological mechanism and to facilitate the development of anti-osteoporosis drugs and identify new therapeutic targets.This review considers the most commonly used method for creating animal models of senile osteoporosis,analyzes their advantages and limitations,and discusses research progress in animal models in terms of evaluation indicators,to provide references for research using animal models of senile osteoporosis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of PRND downregulation on the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of human renal carcinoma cells.Methods:Clinical and transcriptomic data from renal carcinoma patients were analyzed using the TCGA database, with bioinformatics methods employed for differential gene expression analysis and survival analysis [including overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)]. Postoperative pathological specimens from 50 renal carcinoma patients admitted to Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2022 and January 2023 were collected for immunohistochemical staining to assess PRND expression in renal carcinoma tissues. Two distinct small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to downregulate PRND expression in renal carcinoma cell lines ACHN and 769P. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting were performed to validate the knockdown efficiency of PRND at the mRNA and protein levels. The proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of ACHN and 769P cells were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), cell migration assay, and invasion assay, which was compared between the negative control group (NC) and the two PRND knockdown groups (si1 and si2). Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of MMP-9, E-cadherin, C-myc, Vimentin, β-catenin, and PD-L1 proteins in ACHN and 769P cell lines.Results:TCGA database analysis revealed that PRND expression was significantly higher in renal carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues (1.172 vs. 0.383, P<0.01). Survival analysis indicated that high PRND expression was significantly negatively correlated with both OS ( P<0.01) and DFS ( P<0.01). CCK-8 assay results showed no statistically significant differences in cell viability between the experimental and control groups at 6 hours (ACHN-si1: 1.238±0.659, ACHN-si2: 1.437±0.359, ACHN-NC: 3.234±2.165, P>0.05). However, significant differences were observed at 24 hours (ACHN-si1: 5.608±0.716, ACHN-si2: 7.088±0.308, ACHN-NC: 9.764±1.088, P<0.01), 48 hours (ACHN-si1: 40.422±1.419, ACHN-si2: 41.238±2.623, ACHN-NC: 65.823±4.337, P<0.01), and 72 hours (ACHN-si1: 53.667±4.565, ACHN-si2: 54.533±2.572, ACHN-NC: 78.800±0.265, P<0.01). Similar trends were observed in 769P cells (6 hours: P>0.05; 24 hours: P<0.05; 48 and 72 hours: P<0.01). Cell migration assays demonstrated significantly reduced migration in the experimental groups (ACHN-si1: 31±10, ACHN-si2: 62±19, ACHN-NC: 175±45, P<0.01; 769P-si1: 79±16, 769P-si2: 62±14, 769P-NC: 236±77, P<0.05). Invasion assays also showed significant suppression in the experimental groups (ACHN-si1: 13±9, ACHN-si2: 15±8, ACHN-NC: 54±12, P<0.01; 769P-si1: 17±13, 769P-si2: 19±17, 769P-NC: 91±29, P<0.01). Western blotting revealed that C-myc, β-catenin, MMP-9, Vimentin, and PD-L1 protein levels were lower in the experimental groups, while E-cadherin expression was higher compared to the control groups. Conclusions:PRND is significantly overexpressed in renal carcinoma tissues and closely associated with poor patient prognosis. Downregulation of PRND markedly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of renal carcinoma cells, potentially through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins and key molecules involved in tumor metastasis.

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder （AUD） is a common chronic and relapsing psychiatric disorders. Identifying severe AUD early and intervening promptly is crucial to prevent irreversible harm. Currently， the assessment of AUD severity primarily relies on psychiatric examination by clinicians， and there is limited research on the factors influencing AUD severity and the development of prediction models. ObjectiveTo analyze the factors influencing AUD severity， and construct a risk prediction model to aid in the assessment of disease progression in AUD patients. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 358 first-time hospitalized patients admitted to Nanning Fifth People's Hospital from January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2022. These patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for AUD. Basic patient data was collected， and the patients were divided into two groups based on disease severity： mild-moderate group （n=330） and severe group （n=1 028）. The patients were randomly divided into training and test sets in a 7∶3 ratio. A Logistic regression model was constructed in the training set， and the predictive ability of the model for disease severity was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve in the test set. ResultsCompared with the mild-moderate group， the severe group had a higher proportion of patients living in urban areas （χ²=7.804）， were farmers （χ²=17.991）， had a higher frequency of alcohol consumption （more than 1 to 2 drinks/day） （χ²=35.267）， had a higher age at first drinking （t=-3.858）， had a greater number of comorbid somatic disorders （Z=-22.782）， and had higher proportions of γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase （χ²=259.940） and total bilirubin abnormalities （χ²=148.552） （P<0.01）. Logistic analysis conducted in the training set showed that being a farmer （OR=2.024， 95% CI： 1.352~3.029）， having an older age at first drinking （OR=1.075， 95% CI： 1.025~1.129）， drinking outside of mealtimes （OR=3.988， 95% CI： 2.408~6.606）， having total bilirubin abnormalities （OR=1.034， 95% CI： 1.000~1.069）， and having more comorbid somatic diseases （OR=4.386， 95% CI： 2.636~7.298） were identified as risk factors for disease severity in AUD patients. The area under curve （AUC） for this model in the test set was 0.906. ConclusionIn psychiatric hospitals， being a farmer， having an older age at first drinking， drinking outside of mealtimes， having abnormal total bilirubin levels， and having comorbidities with somatic illnesses may be risk factors for severe AUD.

In recent years, organ donation and transplantation have entered a stage of steady development in China. Nevertheless, the shortage of transplant organs and the contradiction between supply and demand of organs are still the bottlenecks to achieve the strategy of "self-sufficiency in organ transplantation" advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO). The key reasons for donor loss described in the "critical pathway of organ donation" defined by the WHO include the identification and referral of potential donors and the maintenance and repair of organs. Smooth development, high efficiency and high-quality development of organ donation cannot be achieved without the support of intensive care medicine, which are highly associated with the cognition, recognition and participation of intensive care unit(ICU) staff. In this article, research progress in ICU staff’s cognition, attitude and willingness for organ donation were reviewed and relevant influencing factors were discussed, aiming to offer targeted suggestions on how to resolve these difficulties.

Objective : To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of hand，foot mouth disease (HFMD) in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022，and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control measures of HFMD． Methods : The surveillance data of hand，foot and mouth disease in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Real-time PCR was used to detect and classify HFMD samples. Results : A total of 650 590 HFMD cases were reported in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022，including 1 406 se- vere cases and 17 deaths．The annual reported incidence was 131. 45 /100 000．The epidemic features of“low incidence in odd years and high incidence in even years”were presented from 2015 to 2019．The incidence showed a continuous decline from 2020 to 2022．The monthly distribution showed the characteristics of bimodal epidemic，and the main peak was not obvious in 2020．Hefei，Fuyang，Bozhou，Chuzhou and Suzhou ranked the top five cities in terms of cumulative incidence．The age of onset was mainly distributed in children aged 5 years and below，accounting for 89. 26% of the total cases．The male to female ratio was 1. 48 ∶ 1．A total of 28 657 laboratory-confirmed cases had been reported from 2015 to 2022．EV71 cases accounted for 10. 57% ，Cox A16 cases accounted for 24. 90% ，and other enterovirus cases accounted for 64. 53%．The dominant pathogens showed dynamic changes in different years．Since 2018，the proportion of EV71 decreased significantly，and the proportion of other enteroviruses gradually increased to become the dominant pathogens．Among other enteroviruses，Cox A6 strain was dominant (80. 48% ) ． Conclusion This study suggests that the prevention and control of HFMD in Anhui province should be paid more attention from April to July and from October to December．The focus areas are the cities in northern Anhui and Hefei where the floating population is large．The focus of prevention and control is on children aged 5 years and below．Other enteroviruses have become the dominant pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Anhui province，Cox A6 strain is dominant.

Background Climate change leads to frequent heavy rainfall events, and higher incidences of bacillary dysentery after heavy rainfall have been observed. The impacts of heavy rainfall and its antecedent rainfall conditions on the disease are worth paying attention to. Objective To quantitatively analyze how the relationship between heavy rainfall events and bacillary dysentery occurrence is modified by antecedent rainfall conditions in Anhui Province and explore the different moderation effects in urban and rural contexts. Methods CN05.1 meteorological data of Anhui Province and cases of bacillary dysentery of the same area were collected from January 1, 2006 to August 31, 2017. An exposure-response Poisson regression model of heavy rainfall events and the number of daily cases was constructed to explore the moderation effect of antecedent rainfall conditions on the incidence of bacillary dysentery, and further stratified by urban and rural areas. Results This study included 129 459 cases of bacillary dysentery, with a daily average of 30.39. Compared with dry antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall, dry antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall had no obvious different effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery for the whole province (P>0.05). But wet antecedent conditions significantly increased the risk of bacillary dysentery for the whole province after heavy rainfall (wet antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall: RR=1.281, 95%CI: 1.264-1.298; wet antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall: RR=1.267, 95%CI: 1.167-1.376). After urban and rural stratification, antecedent rainfall conditions also showed a significant moderation effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery following heavy rainfall events. Compared with dry antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall, dry antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall had no obvious effect on the incidence of bacillary dysentery for the urban and the rural populations (P > 0.05). However, wet antecedent conditions without heavy rainfall (urban: RR=1.391, 95%CI: 1.362-1.421; rural: RR=1.222, 95%CI: 1.201-1.243) and wet antecedent conditions with heavy rainfall (urban: RR=1.364, 95%CI: 1.193-1.559; rural: RR=1.218, 95%CI: 1.098-1.352) significantly increased the risk of bacillary dysentery in both rural and urban areas. Conclusion In the influence of heavy rainfall on the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Anhui Province, antecedent rainfall conditions have a certain moderation effect in the whole province and in both urban and rural areas, and the risk of bacillary dysentery is increased under wet antecedent conditions.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of laparoscopic surgery after transformation therapy for patients with stage Ⅳ gastric cancer.Methods:Clinical data of 55 patients with stage Ⅳ gastric cancer underwent transformation therapy at Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients had distant metastasis and underwent multi-disciplinary treatment (MDT) directed transformation therapy. 21 patients was appraised to have indications of laparoscopic exploration. Of which 18 patients underwent D2 radical laparoscopic gastrectomy, 1 patient underwent gastrojejunostomy and 2 patient underwent laparoscopic biopsy. The remission of patients after conversion therapy and the related intraoperative and postoperative indicators were analyzed.Results:After the transformation therapy, there were 2 cases of complete response (CR), 22 cases of partial response (PR), 14 cases of stable disease (SD) and 17 cases of progressive disease (PD). The objective response rate was 69.09%(38/55). 18 cases finally completed laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery (1 case converted to laparotomy), including total gastrectomy in 10 cases, distal gastrectomy in 8 cases, and R0 resection in 12 cases (R0 resection rate 12/18). In all 18 cases, the surgical time was (223±28)min, the intraoperative blood loss was (100±48)ml, and the number of lymph nodes resected was (28±8). The median postoperative hospital stay was 12(10.25, 19.25)d. After surgery, there were 2 cases of grade Ⅲ complications, 5 cases of grade Ⅱ complications and 1 case of grade Ⅰ complications. There was no perioperative death. The 1-year survival rate was 12/18. The median progression-free survival time was 11 months and the median overall survival time was 19 months.Conclusions:Laparoscopic surgery for stage Ⅳ gastric cancer after transformation therapy is safe and clinical effect is fine.

Objective:To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the inflammatory response of PC12 cells induced by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) and its related mechanism.Methods:The PC12 cells were cultured in vitro were randomly divided into sham(control) group, OGD group, LMWH group and blocking agent group. The latter group was divided into six groups: Eritoran+ OGD group, LMWH+ Eritoran+ OGD group, ST2825+ OGD group, LMWH+ ST2825+ OGD group, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC)+ OGD group and LMWH+ PDTC+ OGD group. OGD cell model was established. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell activity. The expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) mRNA and protein were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and S100β were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:The cell activity of OGD group was significantly lower than that of control group on the first, second, third day ( P<0.05). Compared with OGD group, the activity of LMWH group was increased on the second, third day ( P<0.05), but lower than that of control group ( P<0.01). The mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB was significantly increased in OGD group compared with the control group ( F=144.9, F=710.5, 79.51, P<0.01). Compared with OGD group, the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB were significantly decreased after treatment with LMWH ( P<0.01), and the specific inhibitor of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of LMWH. The protein expression of this pathway was consistent with that of the gene. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and S100β in OGD group was significantly higher than control group ( P<0.05). After treatment with LMWH, the concentrations of inflammatory factors and S100β were significantly decreased compared with OGD group ( P<0.01). When hinder TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB respectively by Eritoran, ST2825 and PDTC, the concentrations of inflammatory factors and S100β were significantly decreased, but it was still higher than control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:OGD can cause pathological damage of PC12 cells, including high expression level of S100β and aggravation of inflammatory reaction. LMWH can improve cell activity, down-regulate inflammatory reaction degree and protect the cells. Using inhibitors of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to inhibit the corresponding target, the up-regulation of inflammatory factors by OGD can be inhibited in varying degrees. These suggested that LMWH may regulate inflammatory reaction of PC12 cells induced by OGD through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.