BACKGROUND:In vitro reconstruction of hair follicles depends on the self-assembly behavior of dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes during three dimensional co-culture,which is very similar to the development of hair follicle embryos.Therefore,hair follicle organoids can be used as a good model in vitro for basic research of hair follicle regeneration.Currently,wholly humanized follicle organoids cultured by biomimetic system have been successfully transplanted into animals.Research on hair follicle organoids makes it possible to regenerate hair follicles,but there is no uniform conclusion on the construction method,and there are still many challenges.OBJECTIVE:To review the current research progress of hair follicle organoids,summarize their culture methods and characterization,and expound their application prospects,so as to provide reliable basis for subsequent research,in order to promote its clinical transformation in tissue engineering and alopecia treatment.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were searched by a computer,using"hair follicle regeneration,hair regeneration,organoid"as Chinese search terms and"hair growth,hair loss,hair regeneration,hair follicle,dermal papilla cell,organoid"as English search terms.The domestic and foreign literature on hair follicle organoids was reviewed and a total of 67 articles were included for follow-up analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes from different sources can be used to construct hair follicle organoids in vitro to obtain mouse-derived,human-mouse chimeric and human-derived hair follicle organoids,which have been successfully used in rodent transplantation models.(2)A variety of programming methods,such as electrical stimulation,addition of recombinant protein,and dissociation of cell gene expression,can be used to promote hair follicle organoid such ashair follicle germ formation and hair shaft elongation.Simultaneously,the application of various 3D printing technologies has achieved controllable hair follicle organoid to the size of the quantity production,which greatly improves the production efficiency.(3)When melanocytes are added to the dissociated cell co-culture system,the problem of pigment deficiency in new hair follicles may be solved.When human umbilical vein endothelial cells are added,the new blood vessels in the cell aggregates can improve their nutrient supply and reduce necrosis in the central area.(4)As the technology of engineered hair follicle organoid gradually maturates,hair follicle organoids constructed from patient's autologous cells may be used for individualized treatment of severe alopecia.

BACKGROUND:In vitro reconstruction of hair follicles depends on the self-assembly behavior of dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes during three dimensional co-culture,which is very similar to the development of hair follicle embryos.Therefore,hair follicle organoids can be used as a good model in vitro for basic research of hair follicle regeneration.Currently,wholly humanized follicle organoids cultured by biomimetic system have been successfully transplanted into animals.Research on hair follicle organoids makes it possible to regenerate hair follicles,but there is no uniform conclusion on the construction method,and there are still many challenges.OBJECTIVE:To review the current research progress of hair follicle organoids,summarize their culture methods and characterization,and expound their application prospects,so as to provide reliable basis for subsequent research,in order to promote its clinical transformation in tissue engineering and alopecia treatment.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were searched by a computer,using"hair follicle regeneration,hair regeneration,organoid"as Chinese search terms and"hair growth,hair loss,hair regeneration,hair follicle,dermal papilla cell,organoid"as English search terms.The domestic and foreign literature on hair follicle organoids was reviewed and a total of 67 articles were included for follow-up analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes from different sources can be used to construct hair follicle organoids in vitro to obtain mouse-derived,human-mouse chimeric and human-derived hair follicle organoids,which have been successfully used in rodent transplantation models.(2)A variety of programming methods,such as electrical stimulation,addition of recombinant protein,and dissociation of cell gene expression,can be used to promote hair follicle organoid such ashair follicle germ formation and hair shaft elongation.Simultaneously,the application of various 3D printing technologies has achieved controllable hair follicle organoid to the size of the quantity production,which greatly improves the production efficiency.(3)When melanocytes are added to the dissociated cell co-culture system,the problem of pigment deficiency in new hair follicles may be solved.When human umbilical vein endothelial cells are added,the new blood vessels in the cell aggregates can improve their nutrient supply and reduce necrosis in the central area.(4)As the technology of engineered hair follicle organoid gradually maturates,hair follicle organoids constructed from patient's autologous cells may be used for individualized treatment of severe alopecia.

BACKGROUND: In Korea, the breastfeeding (BF) rate of infants aged 6 months or more is drastically decreasing, and this phenomenon is particularly worrisome for the future health of the population. The present study aimed to identify an antenatal strategy for initiation and continuation of human BF, and to identify how Baby-Friendly Hospitals (BFHs) may positively influence the intention to breastfeed. METHODS: A total of 414 pregnant Korean antenatal women were surveyed using questionnaires to determine current knowledge of the benefits of human breast milk, whether they planned to breastfeed after delivery, to continue BF after reinstatement in the workforce, are willing to abide by rooming-in care for infants, and plan to give birth at BFHs. RESULTS: We found that planning room-in care, greater awareness of BF benefits for infant and mother, participation in antenatal education programs, and provision of BF facilities in the workplace were positively associated with plans for exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and longer BF duration. The mothers who planned to give birth at BFHs also desired to breastfeed immediately after birth, implement in-room care, continue BF at their workplace, participate in antenatal BF educational programs, and were more aware of the benefits of BF. CONCLUSION: If the beneficial effects of BFHs were well known to individuals, these would enhance the success rate of BF in Korea. Antenatal education and consequent acquisition of better knowledge of the benefits of BF are important for increasing the rate of BF practices.
Breast Feeding* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intention* ; Korea* ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Prenatal Education ; Rooming-in Care

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and potential mechanisms relevant to pathological proteins in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who experience fatigue. METHODS: PD patients (n=102) were evaluated using a fatigue severity scale and scales for motor and nonmotor symptoms. The levels of three pathological proteins-α-synuclein oligomer, β-amyloid (Aβ)(1-42), and tau-were measured in 102 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from these PD patients. Linear regression analyses were performed between fatigue score and the CSF levels of the above-listed pathological proteins in PD patients. RESULTS: The frequency of fatigue in the PD patients was 62.75%. The fatigue group had worse motor symptoms and anxiety, depression, and autonomic dysfunction. The CSF level of α-synuclein oligomer was higher and that of Aβ1-42 was lower in the fatigue group than in the non-fatigue group. In multiple linear regression analyses, fatigue severity was significantly and positively correlated with the α-synuclein oligomer level in the CSF of PD patients, after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: PD patients experience a high frequency of fatigue. PD patients with fatigue have worse motor and part nonmotor symptoms. Fatigue in PD patients is associated with an increased α-synuclein oligomer level in the CSF.
Anxiety ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Depression ; Fatigue* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Parkinson Disease* ; Weights and Measures