Allergic inflammation is closely related to the activation of mast cells (MCs), which is regulated by its intracellular Ca²⁺ level, but the intake and effects of the intracellular Ca²⁺ remain unclear. The Ca²⁺ influx is controlled by members of Ca²⁺ channels, among which calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (Ca_V1.2) is the most robust. This study aimed to reveal the role and underlying mechanism of MC Ca_V1.2 in allergic inflammation. We found that Ca_V1.2 participated in MC activation and allergic inflammation. Nimodipine (Nim), as a strong Ca_V1.2-specific antagonist, ameliorated allergic inflammation in mice. Further, Ca_V1.2 activation in MC was triggered by phosphatizing at its Ser1928 through protein kinase C (PKC), which calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) catalyzed. Overexpression or knockdown of MC Ca_V1.2 influenced MC activation. Importantly, Ca_V1.2 expression in MC had detrimental effects, while its deficiency ameliorated allergic pulmonary inflammation. Results provide novel insights into Ca_V1.2 function and a potential drug target for controlling allergic inflammation.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics and compliance of early-onset gout patients by case-control analysis.Methods:A total of 111 early-onset patients (onset age ≤35 years old) were included as Group A, and 111 non-early-onset patients (onset age >35 years old) with matched disease durationwere included as Group B. The differences ofclinical characteristics, causes of acute gout attack, dairy diet habits, compliance, and misunderstanding of the disease were compared.Results:Compared with the non-early-onsetgoutpatients, the early-onset patients had a higher proportion of obesity (63 cases vs 28 cases), family history (36 cases vs 20 cases) and tophus (39 cases vs 23 cases) and higher level of VAS scores (8.5±1.3 vs 7.6±1.7; χ2=22.988, P<0.01; χ2=5.749, P=0.016; χ2=5.729, P=0.017; t=4.639, P<0.01), lowerproportionof the first metatarsophalangeal joint involvement as the initial joint involvement (45.9%, 51 cases vs 59.4%, 66 cases; χ2=4.066, P=0.044), higher proportion of the ankle involvement as the initial joint involvement (34.2%, 38 cases vs 21.6%, 24 cases; χ2=4.386, P=0.036), higher proportion of alcohol drinkers and high fructose drinkers, which was more likely to relate to alcohol intake, strenuous exercise and high fructose intakeas trigger of the flare ( χ2=6.513, P=0.011; χ2=7.126, P=0.008; χ2=1.978, P=0.160), while the proportion of regular exercisers and on diet in the family was lower ( χ2=22.887, P<0.01; t=-4.917, P<0.01). The proportion of poor diet and medication compliance in Group A was higher than that in Group B(57.7%, 64 cases vs 38.7%, 43 cases; χ2=5.207, P=0.022; χ2=5.867, P=0.015). As for the reason for poor treatment compliance, early-onset gout patients were more worry about the side-effects of drugs than non-early onset patients ( χ2=4.190, P=0.041). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the main misunderstanding of gout. Conclusion:Although early onset gout patients are young, their condition is more serious, and compliance is poorer, this group of patients should be highly valued in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the biological function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HMMR-AS1 in proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of HMMR-AS1 and its sense strand HMMR in LUAD cell lines. Then we knock down the HMMR-AS1 expression through small interfering RNA and evaluate the transfection efficiency and its effect on the expression of HMMR. CCK-8 (cell counting kit), clone formation, flow cytometric analysis, wound scratch assay and transwell assay were used to assess the biological function of A549 and H1299 cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of HMMR in the two cell lines after transfection with si-HMMR-AS1. Results: The expression of HMMR-AS1 in A549 and H1299 cells of LUAD cell line was markedly higher than that in normal lung epithelial cell BEAS-2A by upregulating approximately 3.06 and 5.02 folds (P＜0.05), respectively. After transfection with si-HMMR-AS1, the expression of HMMR-AS1 markedly reduced in both levels of transcription and protein (P＜0.05). Furthermore, knocking down of HMMR-AS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities, and increased the apoptosis rates of A549 and H1299 cells. Conclusion LncRNA HMMR-AS1 could promote malignant progression of LUAD cells through enhancing the growth, migration and invasion ability of LUAD cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of dysphagia and malnutrition of patients with acute stroke and to establish intervention countermeasures.MethodsThe Swallow Water Test was performed by professional rehabilitation nurses in 100 cases of acute stroke patients without food and water within 24 hours after admission and two weeks later to confirm the existence of dysphagia.Rehabilitation exercises of swallow function were performed pertinently.At the same time,we evaluate the state of nutrition of these patients and followed up for two weeks,and to determine the state of malnutrition.ResultsThere was 23.0%(23/100) acute stroke patients didn't pass the initial Swallow Water Test,19 patients (82.5%) with dysphagia could swallow normally before discharge,13% patients needed indwelling nasal-gastric tube.The rate of malnutrition in dysphagia group (34.8%) was higher than patients without dysphagia (11.7%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).In addition,the activity ability of daily living was poorer,the disability degree was higher and the average day of hospitalization was longer in dysphagia group in the fourth week.ConclusionsTo estimate the dysphagia timely in acute stroke patients can make the medical staff think highly of this status to formulate the scientific project of nutrition and provide the scientific rehabilitation exercises to the patients.It can decrease the incidence rate of malnutrition,complications and the disability degree of the acute stroke patients and to promote early rehabilitation.

Background Constipation is a common complication after stroke, and the results investigated overseas showed the incidence was about 30% ～60%. The difference of results is so significant because the time investigated and the diagnosis criterion used are different. There are less relative report about risk factors of constipation and no report about the impact of constipation on pragnosis. The study is to investigate the incidence and risk factors of new-onset constipation after stroke in the patients with acute stroke and to evaluate the impact of new-onset constipation occurrence on the prognosis in the patients.Methods A prospective cohort study of new-onset constipation was performed to investigate 154 cases of acute stroke patients who were hospitalized from December 2003 to October 2004 in the department of neurology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. We recorded the demographics, medical history,stroke severity and medication used. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Barthel Index (BI)and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) were evaluated in the 1st week and 4th week after stroke to evaluate the neurological function and ability of an independent life. BI and MRS were recorded at the 12th week after stroke.Patients were then followed for the development of stroke, the event such as recurrence or death. Constipation was defined by Rome Ⅱ criteria.Results The incidence of new-onset constipation after stroke within 4 weeks was 55. 31%, and the highest risk was within seven days after onset of stroke. Cox regression showed that the incidence of constipation occurrence was strongly related to neurological functional status of patients in the 1st week assessed by BI and the transform of surrounding for defecation. In the 4th week and 12th week after stroke, the rates of poor prognosis in patients with constipation in middling state were both higher than patients without constipation, and the difference was statistically significant respectively(P ＜ 0. 01 ;P = 0. 012).Conclusions The new-onset constipation occurrence in acute stroke is very common and its main risk factor is functional status assessed by Barthel Index at the 1st week after onset and the transform of surrounding for defecation. The results indicate that the new-onset constipation occurrence after stroke has negative effects on the outcome of partial stroke patients.