MRGPRX2 antagonists possess the potential for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and chronic urticaria. Previously, we identified a class of diaryl urea (DPU) MRGPRX2 antagonists with sub-micromolar IC₅₀ values in vitro. However, the structure-activity relationship remains unclear. Herein, we adopted a "relative symmetry with electronegativity of different key-groups" strategy for further modification of DPUs to achieve a promising MRGPRX2 antagonist with higher activity and safety. Electrostatic potential energy analysis and biological evaluation revealed that B-1023 and B-5023, that possess relatively symmetric electron-withdrawing substituents, remarkable inhibited mast cell degranulation at a sub-micromolar IC₅₀ in vitro and alleviated anaphylactic symptoms. Furthermore, B-1023, mitigated antigen-induced pulmonary inflammation (AIPI) in mice and competitively bonded to MRGPRX2. In summary, the "relative symmetry with electronegativity of different key-groups" strategy provided a drug design pattern for MRGPRX2 antagonists and identified promising antiallergic precursors for AIPI treatment.

Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face (CIL-F) represents a rare lipomatous lesion, as evidenced by a case admitted to the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in August 2023. The patient, a 7-year-old male, presented with diffuse enlargement of the right middle and lower face and a forehead mass since birth. Imaging assessments including CT scan with three dimensional reconstruction and MRI revealed infiltrative fatty growth in the right middle and lower face, abnormal subcutaneous fat hyperplasia in the forehead, and asymmetric abnormal hyperplasia of the right mandible. Following surgical resection, genetic testing of the excised tissue identified a mutation of the PIK3CA gene. Remarkably, the patient demonstrated satisfactory recovery six months post-surgery. Given its rarity in clinic, this case offers valuable clinical insights for managing similar disease.

As a conventional surgical procedure for repairing skull defect areas using autologous or artificial materials, postoperative complications of cranioplasty remain a clinical challenge that needs to be addressed. Implant exposure is a common and severe complication not only may lead to surgical failure but also exhibits significant individual variations in clinical manifestations. Treatment method must be selected based on specific conditions, and the issue of whether to retain or remove the repair material still remains a subject of academic controversy. This article mainly summarized the characteristics, causes, retention of exposed repair materials and treatment method reported in recent years, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face (CIL-F) represents a rare lipomatous lesion, as evidenced by a case admitted to the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in August 2023. The patient, a 7-year-old male, presented with diffuse enlargement of the right middle and lower face and a forehead mass since birth. Imaging assessments including CT scan with three dimensional reconstruction and MRI revealed infiltrative fatty growth in the right middle and lower face, abnormal subcutaneous fat hyperplasia in the forehead, and asymmetric abnormal hyperplasia of the right mandible. Following surgical resection, genetic testing of the excised tissue identified a mutation of the PIK3CA gene. Remarkably, the patient demonstrated satisfactory recovery six months post-surgery. Given its rarity in clinic, this case offers valuable clinical insights for managing similar disease.

As a conventional surgical procedure for repairing skull defect areas using autologous or artificial materials, postoperative complications of cranioplasty remain a clinical challenge that needs to be addressed. Implant exposure is a common and severe complication not only may lead to surgical failure but also exhibits significant individual variations in clinical manifestations. Treatment method must be selected based on specific conditions, and the issue of whether to retain or remove the repair material still remains a subject of academic controversy. This article mainly summarized the characteristics, causes, retention of exposed repair materials and treatment method reported in recent years, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of free transplantation of latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and anterolateral femoral skin flap in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore the indications of these two skin flaps.Methods:The clinical data of patients with scalp squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2013 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients showed no cancer metastasis examined with CT. None of the patients had systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease. The wounds were repaired with free transplantation of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps and anterolateral thigh flaps after extensive tumor resection. The intraoperative vascular variation, the diameter of the anastomosed blood vessel, the length of the vascular pedicle, the flap size, the time of harvesting the flap, the time for anastomosis, the operation time, and the incidences of complications at the donor site and recipient site were measured or recorded in both groups.Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 14 males and 7 females, aged from 12 to 61 years. Eleven cases were repaired with the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap, and 10 cases with the anterolateral thigh flap. All the 21 flaps survived during the 1 to 2 years follow-up. No vascular variation was found in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, whereas 2 cases of vascular variation were found in the anterolateral thigh flap. In the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.14±0.09) mm for the artery and (2.49±0.10) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.14±0.28) cm, and the size of the flap was (135.0±20.8) cm 2, the harvesting time was (114.8±3.0) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (20.8±0.8) min, and the operation time was (6.5±0.2) h. In the anterolateral thigh flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.15±0.14) mm for the artery and (2.45±0.15) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.80±0.31) cm, and the size of the flap was (159.9±16.4) cm 2, the harvesting time was (119.8±3.6) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (21.5±0.9) min, and the operation time was (6.9±0.2) h. There was no significant difference between the two kinds of flaps in the above parameter. The incidence of total complications at the donor site was higher in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (7 cases) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (4 cases). The incidence of overall complications at the recipient was lower in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (1 case) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (2 cases). Conclusions:Both the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and the anterolateral femoral skin flap can achieve good results in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap has a constant blood supply, and the operative technique is relatively easy and with low risk, which is more suitable for novices. The anterolateral thigh flap is thin and with fewer complications at the donor site. It is easy to be accepted by patients and can be performed in the supine position, which is more suitable for elderly patients.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of free transplantation of latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and anterolateral femoral skin flap in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore the indications of these two skin flaps.Methods:The clinical data of patients with scalp squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2013 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients showed no cancer metastasis examined with CT. None of the patients had systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease. The wounds were repaired with free transplantation of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps and anterolateral thigh flaps after extensive tumor resection. The intraoperative vascular variation, the diameter of the anastomosed blood vessel, the length of the vascular pedicle, the flap size, the time of harvesting the flap, the time for anastomosis, the operation time, and the incidences of complications at the donor site and recipient site were measured or recorded in both groups.Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 14 males and 7 females, aged from 12 to 61 years. Eleven cases were repaired with the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap, and 10 cases with the anterolateral thigh flap. All the 21 flaps survived during the 1 to 2 years follow-up. No vascular variation was found in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, whereas 2 cases of vascular variation were found in the anterolateral thigh flap. In the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.14±0.09) mm for the artery and (2.49±0.10) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.14±0.28) cm, and the size of the flap was (135.0±20.8) cm 2, the harvesting time was (114.8±3.0) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (20.8±0.8) min, and the operation time was (6.5±0.2) h. In the anterolateral thigh flap group, the anastomotic vessel diameter was (2.15±0.14) mm for the artery and (2.45±0.15) mm for the vein. The vascular pedicle length was (6.80±0.31) cm, and the size of the flap was (159.9±16.4) cm 2, the harvesting time was (119.8±3.6) min, the vascular anastomosis time was (21.5±0.9) min, and the operation time was (6.9±0.2) h. There was no significant difference between the two kinds of flaps in the above parameter. The incidence of total complications at the donor site was higher in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (7 cases) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (4 cases). The incidence of overall complications at the recipient was lower in the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap group (1 case) than that in the anterolateral thigh flap group (2 cases). Conclusions:Both the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and the anterolateral femoral skin flap can achieve good results in repairing the wound after the resection of the scalp squamous cell carcinoma. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap has a constant blood supply, and the operative technique is relatively easy and with low risk, which is more suitable for novices. The anterolateral thigh flap is thin and with fewer complications at the donor site. It is easy to be accepted by patients and can be performed in the supine position, which is more suitable for elderly patients.

In October 2016, a male patient attacked by a black bear was treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The patient had facial skin and soft tissue defects, and zygomatic arch and buccal damage. The patient received three operations, including debridement, scapular free skin flap transplantation, and reconstruction of zygomatic arch. The facial appearance recovered well after 6-months follow-up.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the biological function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HMMR-AS1 in proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of HMMR-AS1 and its sense strand HMMR in LUAD cell lines. Then we knock down the HMMR-AS1 expression through small interfering RNA and evaluate the transfection efficiency and its effect on the expression of HMMR. CCK-8 (cell counting kit), clone formation, flow cytometric analysis, wound scratch assay and transwell assay were used to assess the biological function of A549 and H1299 cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of HMMR in the two cell lines after transfection with si-HMMR-AS1. Results: The expression of HMMR-AS1 in A549 and H1299 cells of LUAD cell line was markedly higher than that in normal lung epithelial cell BEAS-2A by upregulating approximately 3.06 and 5.02 folds (P＜0.05), respectively. After transfection with si-HMMR-AS1, the expression of HMMR-AS1 markedly reduced in both levels of transcription and protein (P＜0.05). Furthermore, knocking down of HMMR-AS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities, and increased the apoptosis rates of A549 and H1299 cells. Conclusion LncRNA HMMR-AS1 could promote malignant progression of LUAD cells through enhancing the growth, migration and invasion ability of LUAD cells.

Objective To study the relationship between postoperative recurrence time and relat-ed clinical factors in patients with breast cancer. Methods The clinical data of 170 patients with recur-rent breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively. The recurrence time and the related influencing factors were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier test. Results The one-way analysis of variance showed that endocrine therapy,estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor(ERPR)status,Ki-67 and lymph node metastasis were related to the recurrence time(P < 0. 05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that age,neutrophil-to-lym-phocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte(PLR)were related to the recurrence time(P < 0. 05). Fi-nally,Cox multivariate analysis showed that endocrine therapy,lymph node metastasis and Ki-67 were in-dependent prognostic factors of relapse(P < 0. 05). Conclusion To develop personalized follow-up and adjuvant treatment strategy according to the characteristics of patients may prevent breast cancer from re-currence.