Objective To explore the mechanism of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction in improving podocyte injury in rats with IgA nephropathy based on Gprc5b/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.Methods Totally 130 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group(n=20)and a modeling group(n=110).The IgA nephropathy model was established using a compound modeling method,and 100 modeling rats were randomly divided into model group,losartan potassium group(5 mg/kg),and Tongluo Baoshen Decoction low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups(5.3,10.6,21.2 g/kg),with 20 rats in each group.The administration group was given the corresponding dosage of medication by gavage,while the normal group and model group were given an equal amount of distilled water by gavage once a day.After 4 and 8 weeks of administration,urine samples were collected for 24 hours,and blood and kidney tissue specimens were collected.24-hour urinary protein quantification(24 h-UTP),urinary Nephrin,serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and blood uric acid(BUA)contents were detected;RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of G protein coupled receptor C-family 5b(Gprc5b),nuclear factor(NF)-κB p50,NOD like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),Caspase-1,interleukin(IL)-1β,Nephrin mRNA and protein in renal tissue,respectively;HE,PAS,PASM,Masson staining were used to observe the morphology of renal tissue,immunofluorescence was used to observe IgA deposition in the mesangial area of renal tissue,and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of podocytes.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group rats showed significantly increased contents of 24 h-UTP,urinary Nephrin and BUA(P<0.01),the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin were significantly decreased(P<0.01),with mild to moderate proliferation of mesangial cells in the glomerulus,increased mesangial matrix,and immunofluorescence showed clustered and linear deposition of IgA in the mesangial area,electron microscopy showed partial fusion of the foot processes.Compared with the model group,the 24 h-UTP and urinary Nephrin contents in different dosage groups of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction and the losartan potassium group after 4 and 8 weeks administration significantly decreased(P<0.01),with a decrease in BUA content in Tongluo Baoshen Decoction high-dosage group(P<0.05),the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction groups and losartan potassium group decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),with the proliferation of mesangial cells,the increase of mesangial matrix,the deposition of IgA in the mesangial area,and the fusion of foot processes in renal tissue were alleviated to varying degrees in different dosage groups of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction,with the most significant improvement observed in the high-dosage group.Compared with the 4-week administration,Tongluo Baoshen Decoction high-dose group showed further reductions in 24 h-UTP and urinary Nephrin contents after 8 weeks of administration(P<0.01),further decreases in the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue(P<0.05,P<0.01),and further increases in the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin(P<0.01).Conclusion Tongluo Baoshen Decoction can reduce proteinuria,alleviate renal tissue lesions and improve podocyte injury in IgA nephropathy rats,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Gprc5b/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in renal tissue.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction in improving podocyte injury in rats with IgA nephropathy based on Gprc5b/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.Methods Totally 130 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group(n=20)and a modeling group(n=110).The IgA nephropathy model was established using a compound modeling method,and 100 modeling rats were randomly divided into model group,losartan potassium group(5 mg/kg),and Tongluo Baoshen Decoction low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups(5.3,10.6,21.2 g/kg),with 20 rats in each group.The administration group was given the corresponding dosage of medication by gavage,while the normal group and model group were given an equal amount of distilled water by gavage once a day.After 4 and 8 weeks of administration,urine samples were collected for 24 hours,and blood and kidney tissue specimens were collected.24-hour urinary protein quantification(24 h-UTP),urinary Nephrin,serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and blood uric acid(BUA)contents were detected;RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of G protein coupled receptor C-family 5b(Gprc5b),nuclear factor(NF)-κB p50,NOD like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),Caspase-1,interleukin(IL)-1β,Nephrin mRNA and protein in renal tissue,respectively;HE,PAS,PASM,Masson staining were used to observe the morphology of renal tissue,immunofluorescence was used to observe IgA deposition in the mesangial area of renal tissue,and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of podocytes.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group rats showed significantly increased contents of 24 h-UTP,urinary Nephrin and BUA(P<0.01),the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin were significantly decreased(P<0.01),with mild to moderate proliferation of mesangial cells in the glomerulus,increased mesangial matrix,and immunofluorescence showed clustered and linear deposition of IgA in the mesangial area,electron microscopy showed partial fusion of the foot processes.Compared with the model group,the 24 h-UTP and urinary Nephrin contents in different dosage groups of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction and the losartan potassium group after 4 and 8 weeks administration significantly decreased(P<0.01),with a decrease in BUA content in Tongluo Baoshen Decoction high-dosage group(P<0.05),the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction groups and losartan potassium group decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),with the proliferation of mesangial cells,the increase of mesangial matrix,the deposition of IgA in the mesangial area,and the fusion of foot processes in renal tissue were alleviated to varying degrees in different dosage groups of Tongluo Baoshen Decoction,with the most significant improvement observed in the high-dosage group.Compared with the 4-week administration,Tongluo Baoshen Decoction high-dose group showed further reductions in 24 h-UTP and urinary Nephrin contents after 8 weeks of administration(P<0.01),further decreases in the mRNA and protein expressions of Gprc5b,NF-κB p50,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1β in renal tissue(P<0.05,P<0.01),and further increases in the mRNA and protein expressions of Nephrin(P<0.01).Conclusion Tongluo Baoshen Decoction can reduce proteinuria,alleviate renal tissue lesions and improve podocyte injury in IgA nephropathy rats,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Gprc5b/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in renal tissue.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum soluble CD155 (sCD155), soluble CD163 (sCD163) and chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A total of 126 patients with DLBCL admitted to Handan Central Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 (DLBCL group) and 126 healthy subjects (control group) were prospectively selected to compare serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels. According to the chemotherapy effect of DLBCL patients, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group, and the serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels were compared before and after treatment. The effective rate of chemotherapy in patients with different serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels was compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels and 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of DLBCL patients. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of DLBCL patients.Results:The serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL group were higher than those in control group before treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of chemotherapy in 126 DLBCL patients in this group was 69.8%(88/126). Compared with the effective group, the serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher in the ineffective group before and after treatment (all P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels in the effective group were decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of DLBCL patients in sCD155 and sCD163 high level groups was lower than that in sCD155 and sCD163 low level groups (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 3-year OS and PFS of DLBCL patients in the low level group of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher than those in the high level group (all P<0.05). The high level of sCD155 and sCD163 were independent risk factors for 3-year PFS and OS in DLBCL patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormal levels of serum sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL patients may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy and lead to poor prognosis.

{L-End}Objective To analyze sound pressure level and spectrum characteristics of noise from various equipment in noise-related worksites in wooden furniture enterprises in Zhongshan City. {L-End}Methods A total of 107 wooden furniture enterprises with equipment sound pressure levels ≥85.0 dB(A) were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. Individual noise meters were used to detect the sound level and spectrum of equipment in noise-related worksites. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the noise spectrum characteristics of each noise equipment. {L-End}Results The incidence of sound pressure level exceeding the national standard of occupational exposure limits for noise in workplace among the research subjects was 60.4% (365/604). The equipment with the highest sound pressure level was the sliding table saw (rough shape cutting position) at 101.4 dB(A), while the lowest was the sanding machine (grinding position) at 85.0 dB(A). The clustering analysis results showed that the noise spectrum characteristics of nail guns, sliding table saw, edge banders, spray guns, and drilling machines were similar, with the highest sound pressure level of 4 000.0 Hz, mainly concentrating in the high-frequency. The noise spectrum characteristics of punching machines, sanding machine, lathes, and engraving machines were similar, with the highest sound pressure level ranging from 500.0 to 1 000.0 Hz, mainly concentrating in the mid-frequency. The noise spectrum characteristics of drilling machines, planers, hot press machines, and mortise and tenon machines were similar, with the highest sound pressure level ranging from 500.0 to 1 000.0 Hz, mainly concentrating in the mid- and high-frequency. The sound pressure level of the mixer reached its peak at 8 000.0 Hz, demonstrating a wide frequency domain characteristic of sound pressure level with the presence of low-, mid- and high-frequencies. {L-End}Conclusion The noise-exposed hazards of wooden furniture enterprises are relatively serious, and the spectral characteristics of the equipment with noise are distinct. It is recommended to implement targeted noise reduction measures and personal hearing protection based on the specific spectrum characteristics of equipment noise.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate time-related association between fluid balance and prognosis in sepsis patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the data of sepsis patients in the Medical Information Database for Intensive Care-IV 2.0 (MIMIC-IV 2.0) from 2008 to 2019. Sepsis patients aged ≥ 18 years who were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) for at least 2 days were included. The daily fluid balance and cumulative fluid balance (CFB) were calculated from days 1 to 7 after ICU admission. According to CFB,the patients were divided into negative fluid balance group (CFB% < 0%), fluid balance group (0% ≤ CFB% ≤ 10%), and fluid overload group (CFB% > 10%). In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome. Multifactorial Logistic regression was used to analyze time-related association between different CFB and the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis during 7 days after ICU admission. In addition, subgroup analysis was performed on patients with septic shock and patients with sepsis who stayed in the ICU for 7 days or longer. RESULTS: A total of 11 437 patients with sepsis were included, of which 6 595 were male and 4 842 were female. The mean age was (64.4±16.4) years. A total of 10 253 patients (89.6%) survived and 1 184 patients (10.4%) died during hospitalization. Compared with the survival group, patients in the death group were older, lighter, had higher sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), longer ICU stay, higher incidence of septic shock, and higher proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy (RRT) and vasoactive drugs. In terms of comorbidities, congestive heart failure, renal disease, liver disease, and malignancy were more common in the death group. The death group had a higher daily fluid balance than the survival group during 7 days after ICU admission, the CFB in the two groups gradually increased with length of ICU stay. After adjusting variables such as age, gender, race, SOFA score, SAPS II score, comorbidities, and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, RRT and vasoactive drugs, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fluid overload on day 1 after ICU admission was a protective factor for the reduced risk of in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients [odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.64-0.86, P = 0.001]. However, fluid overload on day 3 was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients (OR = 1.70, 95%CI was 1.47-1.97, P < 0.001) and the risk of in-hospital mortality was significantly increased from day 4 to day 7. Furthermore, the same results were obtained in patients with septic shock and sepsis patients who stayed in the ICU for 7 days or longer. CONCLUSIONS Fluid overload on day 1 was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality. However, from the third day, fluid overload increases the risk of in-hospital mortality. Thus, managing fluid balance at different times may improve prognosis.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Shock, Septic ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Intensive Care Units ; Water-Electrolyte Balance ; Heart Failure ; Prognosis

Sarcopenia, characterized as the progressive decrease in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, has been becoming one of chronic musculoskeletal diseases in aging people. In basic research studies, a reliable experimental model would be vital significance for deeply understanding pathophysiological mechanism of sarcopenia and developing novel drugs. This review provided a preliminary summary on the potential mechanisms involved in senescence-induced sarcopenia, followed by a discussion on research progress on pharmacology models based on molecular mechanism of senescence, especially from in vitro cell models and in vivo animal models.

Objective:To explore the effects of problem-solving therapy on breastfeeding self-efficacy and psychological status among primiparas, to provide basis for improving the breastfeeding of primipara.Methods:A total of 102 primiparas were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method, each group contained 51 cases. Finally, 47 cases in the experimental group and 49 cases in the control group completed the study. The control group received routine nursing, while primiparas in the experimental group carried out problem-solving therapy. Before and after 6-week intervention, the effects was assessed by Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and General Well-being Schedule (GWB), respectively.Results:After intervention, the scores of primapara feedig cognition, feeding feeling, feeding skills and BSES total scores were (21.13±2.97) points, (65.47±6.63) points, (31.94±2.59) points, (118.53±8.47) points in the experimental group, significantly higher than (19.43±3.28) points, (61.76±5.20) points, (30.53±2.01) points, (111.71±6.11) points in the control group ( t values were 2.658-4.507, P<0.01); the scores of EPDS were (6.04±1.49) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than (6.92±2.08) points in the control group; the scores of life satisfaction and interest, depression and pleasure, energy, relaxation and tension in General Well-Being (GWB) and total scores were (7.51±1.71) points, (20.19±2.47) points, (21.68±2.32) points, (17.06±2.74) points, (90.45±4.96) points in the experimental group, significanlty higher than (6.41±1.82) points, (18.71±2.98) points, (20.57±1.87) points, (15.78±1.79) points, (84.61±5.26) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t values were 2.380-5.587, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion:Problem-solving therapy can improve breastfeeding self-efficacy and alleviate postnatal depression as well as enhance subjective well-being of primipara women.

Objective To explore the effect of psychological stress and salivary cortisol on the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with preterm birth. Methods From January to September 2016, the convenience sampling method was adopted to select 138 pregnant woman with preterm preterm delivery of preterm preterm births in a class of grade 3 obstetrics and gynecology specialized hospitals. Among them, there were 86 pregnant women with preterm birth and 52 with full-term birth. The perceived stress scale ( PSS) combined with saliva cortisol testing to assess subjective and objective psychological stress of pregnant women, using multiple linear regression analysis the relationship of psychological pressure,salivary cortisol and preterm birth. Results The PSS score of 138 prenant woman was 21.5±8.1 with middle-high level. The PSS score of 86 pregnant women with preterm birth were higher those of 52 with full-term birth. The salivary cortisol levels of 8:00am, 16:00pm and 23:00pm in 86 pregnant women with preterm birth were respectively significantly higher than those of 52 with full-term birth (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that high PSS score and short pregnant weeks with preterm birth were also risk factors for premature birth (all P<0.05). Conclusions High levels of psychological stress and short pregnant weeks are risk factors for premature birth. Health care workers can reduce the incidence of preterm labor by improving the mental state of pregnant women.