Since the 1960s,with the rapid development of interventional radiology technology,liquid embolic agents have become important embolic materials for treating diseases such as tumors,bleeding,and vascular malformations.This article systematically introduces the types of commonly used liquid embolic agents,including iodized oil,hardening agents(such as absolute alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol),cyanoacrylates(such as NBCA and Glubran glue),and ethylene vinyl alcohols(such as Onyx),and analyzes in detail the embolic mechanisms,clinical applications,advantages,and operational limitations of each embolic agent.This article also introduces new liquid embolic agents that have emerged in recent years,including new polymeric agents(such as Magic GlueTM),precipitants(such as Squid and PHIL),phase-change agents(such as GPX)and temperature-sensitive hydrogels(such as TepushenTM),etc.These new materials have achieved significant improvements in biocompatibility,operational flexibility,and clinical efficacy.In addition,this article also discusses the application prospects of liquid embolic agents in controlling acute and chronic bleeding,comprehensive interventional therapy for tumors,treatment of complex vascular malformations,and treatment of visceral aneurysms.Finally,this article points out that future research on liquid embolic agents should focus on the development of new materials,the combination of multimodal treatment methods,the fusion of drug carriers,the application of artificial intelligence and image-guided technology,and personalized design of embolic agent,etc.so as to further enhance the clinical efficacy and safety of liquid embolic agents.

Tinnitus and anxiety disorder are common clinical symptoms. Comorbidity between tinnitus and anxiety state is increasing year by year. The relationship between tinnitus and anxiety state has always been a hot topic, and this paper reviews the literature on the relationship between chronic subjective tinnitus and anxiety state in recent years.
Humans ; Tinnitus/diagnosis* ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity

A 46-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with history of pharyngeal discomfort for 6 months. Physical examination showed that she had facial asymmetry, loss of the left nasolabial fold, rightward de- viation of uvula, swelling of the left soft palate. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bigger neoplasm in left pa- rapharyngeal space which invaded into left lateral skull base. The left internal carotid artery, vein and the styloid process was jostled backward. The primary clinical diagnosis is pleomorphic adenoma of the parapharyngeal space.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Face ; abnormalities ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Pharynx ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo conduct comparative study on the volatile components from Polygonati Rhizoma during processing.

METHODVolatile oil was obtained from Polygonati Rhizoma by steam distillation (SD). Volatile components were concentrated by a purge and trap-thermal desorption (P&T-TD) method, and analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which were comparative by analyzed with the method of SD-GC-MS simultaneously.

RESULTThe change in quantity and quality of volatile components in pre and post processed Polygonati Rhizoma were observed. Fifty-one compounds were checked out with SD-GC-MS, while 11 compounds with P&T-TD-GC-MS.

CONCLUSIONThis study is useful to illustrate the mechanism of decreasing toxicity and stimulating components after being processed.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Polygonatum ; chemistry

0.05) but remarkable change after therapy was shown at one week later (P