Objective To compare the intestinal injury induced by different intensities of waveshock in rats exposed to extremely cold environment and to preliminarily explore the characteristics of the injury.Methods Sixty healthy male SD rats(2 months old,weighing 200～250 g)were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10):blank control group,low-temperature control group,5.0 MPa shock control group,and low-temperature+4.0,4.5 and 5.0 MPa shock groups.The rats in the experimental groups were pre-treated in a-10℃low-temperature environment for 30 min and then subjected to intestinal injury by using BST-I biological shock tube with different driving pressures.At 3,8,and 24 h after injury,the serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP),and diamine oxidase(DAO)were detected,and the survival of rats within 24 h was recorded.At 24 h after injury,the rats were anesthetized and dissected,the characteristics of intestinal injury were observed,and pathological examination was performed.The differences of intestinal injury were compared among the 6 groups to explore the characteristics of intestinal injuries after different intensities of shockwave in rats after exposure to extremely cold environment.Results Compared with the blank control group,the other 5 groups exhibited different severities of intestinal injury,and the rats in the low-temperature+different shock groups were more prone to intestinal edema and trauma.The mortality rate was significantly increased in the low-temperature+5.0 MPa shock group(P<0.05).Pathological and serological studies found that dual effects of very cold environment and blast injury resulted in intestinal mucosal hemorrhage,edema,and disintegration of lamina propria in the experimental rats.The indicators of intestinal mucosal injury and intestinal inflammatory factors were also significantly increased when compared with the blank control group,and significant differences were among the groups with increment of shock intensity(P<0.05).Conclusion Exposure to very cold environment combined with abdominal blast injury increases mortality rate in rats,manifested by elevated serological indicators and intestinal inflammatory factors,as well as varying severities of intestinal wall edema and submucosal bleeding.Furthermore,the severity of the injury is positively related to the impact intensity,with worsened as the impact intensity increasing.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of accelerated rehabilitation surgery (ERAS) under diagnosis-intervention packet (DIP) in patients with early cancer of digestive tract undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).Methods:The 64 patients with early cancer of digestive tract treated with ESD in the Gastroenterology Department of the Second People′s Hospital of Jiaozuo were selected by randomized controlled trial and convenient sampling method. According to random number table method, they were divided into routine group and observation group, 32 patients in each group. All patients in the 2 groups paid their medical expenses by DIP method, the routine group was treated with traditional perioperative nursing, and the observation group was treated with ERAS perioperative management mode. The postoperative complication rate, length of hospital stay, DIP allocation ratio, and patient satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 16 men and women in the routine group, 14 men and 18 women in the observation group.After intervention, the incidence of postoperative complications was 21.88% (7/32) in the routine group and 3.12% (1/32) in the observation group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.14, P<0.05). The length of stay was (10.93 ± 2.87) d in the routine group and (9.01 ± 1.53) d in the observation group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=4.13, P<0.05). The average hospitalization expenses per case was (20 108.23 ± 6 495.49) yuan in the routine group and (18 589.03 ± 4 439.46) yuan in the observation group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=20.57, P<0.05). The DIP allocation ratio of the observation group was 87.98% (303 419.26/344 872.99), and that of the routine group was 69.33% (244 864.99/353 187.65), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=4.81, P<0.05). The satisfaction of the observation group was 96.88% (31/32) and the routine group was 78.13% (25/32), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.14, P<0.05). Conclusions:The accelerated rehabilitation surgical nursing can effectively reduce the postoperative complications, the average length of stay, the average hospitalization expenses per case under DIP in patients with early cancer of digestive tract treated by ESD, improve the DIP allocation ratio of ESD diseases and the patient′s nursing satisfaction, which reflects the value of nursing work and can be applied to the nursing management of other surgical diseases.

Objective: To investigate the effects of simulated-thermobaric explosive gas on the respiration and nervous system in rats. Methods: 70 of SPF SD rats were randomly divided into four thermobaric explosive gas groups, two restoration observation groups and control group from April to August in 2018. The exposure time of in four thermobaric explosive gas groups were 3.75, 7.5, 15.0 and 30 min, respectively. The restoration observation groups were designed to observe for 30 and 120 min after exposure thermobaric explosive gas 30 min. The bloods were collected and analyzed at the end of exposure and recovery observation. The endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) , nitric oxide (NO) , glutamic acid (GLU) , acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and dopamine (DA) were detected in brain tissues, respectively. Results: The blood gas index (pH, PCO₂, PO₂, COHb, O₂Hb, MeHbt) and blood electrolytes (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Cl^-) in exposure groups have significant differences with these in control (P<0.05) . The pH value decreased with the exposure time longer. However, it basically returned to normal level when terminating exposure for 120 min. The concentration of PCO₂, MeHb and CoHb increased first and then decreased with the exposure time extension. Conversely, The PO₂ and O₂Hb decreased first and then increased with the exposure time longer. The concentration of endogenous CO, GLU, and AchE decreased and NO increased in exposure group 4 and the restoration observation group 1 compared with those in control (P<0.01) . In addition, there were pathological changes in lung and brain tissue of exposure group, such as inflammatory cell infiltration and edema. Conclusion The blood gas index, electrolytes, neurotransmitter, histopathology of lung and brain were changed to various degrees by thermobaric bomb gas exposure. These findings would provide some beneficial support for evaluating the damage effect of thermobaric bomb gas on organisms.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the sub-chronic oral toxicity of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene( FOX-7) in rats.METHODS: Ninety-six specific pathogen free healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into control group,low-,medium-,and high-dose groups. Each group consisted of 24 rats,half of them were males and the other half were females.The low-,medium-,and high-dose groups of rats were exposed to 10,30,90 mg /( kg·d) body weigh of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene by gavage for 90 days,once a day,6 days a week. The control group was given the same volume of 4%water starch solution. The toxic symptoms,the body weight,food utilization,routine blood,blood biochemical indicators,organ coefficients and histopathology changes of the rats were observed or tested. RESULTS: a) The body weights of male and female rats in the high-dose group in the 28 th day after exposure were lower than those of the control group for the same time and same sex( P < 0. 05). Food utilization in the male and female high-dose group in the 77 th and 90 th day after exposure were lower than those of the control group for the same time and same sex( P < 0. 05). b) Red blood cell counts,hemoglobin levels,hematocrit levels in the female rats of low-,medium-,and high-dose groups were lower than those of the female control group( P < 0. 05). Platelet counts in the female high-dose group was lower than that of the female control group( P < 0. 05). Red blood cell counts,hemoglobin level,hematocrit level and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in the male high-dose group were lower than those of the male control group( P < 0. 05). The platelet counts in the male medium-,and high-dose group were lower than that of the male control group( P < 0. 05). c) Total cholesterol levels in female medium-,and high-dose group and blood urea nitrogen level in the female high-dose group were higher than those of the female control group( P < 0. 05). In high-dose group,the levels of total protein and uric acid were higher and lactate dehydrogenase level was lower than those of the control group( P < 0. 05). d) The spleen organ coefficients in the female high-dose group were higher and those in male medium- and high-dose groups were higher than those of the control group for same sex( P < 0. 05). The organ coefficients of liver and kidney in high-dose group were higher than those of the control group( P < 0. 05),the organ coefficients of testis and epididym in the male high-dose group were lower than those of the male control group( P < 0. 05). The testis convoluted tubule shrink and seminiferous cells decreased in the male high-dose group. e) The no observed adverse effect level of FOX-7 dinitroethene in female rats were less than10. 00 mg /( kg·d) and it was 10. 00 mg /( kg·d) in the male rats. CONCLUSION: FOX-7 could inhibit the growth of rats and damage the blood system and male reproductive system.