Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis(PM),and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)isolates in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information,laboratory data,and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country.Results Among the 160 children with PM,there were 103 males and 57 females.The age ranged from 15 days to 15 years,with 109 cases(68.1% )aged 3 months to under 3 years.SP strains were isolated from 95 cases(59.4% )in cerebrospinal fluid cultures and from 57 cases(35.6% )in blood cultures.The positive rates of SP detection by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing and cerebrospinal fluid SP antigen testing were 40% (35/87)and 27% (21/78),respectively.Fifty-five cases(34.4% )had one or more risk factors for purulent meningitis,113 cases(70.6% )had one or more extra-cranial infectious foci,and 18 cases(11.3% )had underlying diseases.The most common clinical symptoms were fever(147 cases,91.9% ),followed by lethargy(98 cases,61.3% )and vomiting(61 cases,38.1% ).Sixty-nine cases(43.1% )experienced intracranial complications during hospitalization,with subdural effusion and/or empyema being the most common complication[43 cases(26.9% )],followed by hydrocephalus in 24 cases(15.0% ),brain abscess in 23 cases(14.4% ),and cerebral hemorrhage in 8 cases(5.0% ).Subdural effusion and/or empyema and hydrocephalus mainly occurred in children under 1 year old,with rates of 91% (39/43)and 83% (20/24),respectively.SP strains exhibited complete sensitivity to vancomycin(100% ,75/75),linezolid(100% ,56/56),and meropenem(100% ,6/6).High sensitivity rates were also observed for levofloxacin(81% ,22/27),moxifloxacin(82% ,14/17),rifampicin(96% ,25/26),and chloramphenicol(91% ,21/23).However,low sensitivity rates were found for penicillin(16% ,11/68)and clindamycin(6% ,1/17),and SP strains were completely resistant to erythromycin(100% ,31/31).The rates of discharge with cure and improvement were 22.5% (36/160)and 66.2% (106/160),respectively,while 18 cases(11.3% )had adverse outcomes.Conclusions Pediatric PM is more common in children aged 3 months to under 3 years.Intracranial complications are more frequently observed in children under 1 year old.Fever is the most common clinical manifestation of PM,and subdural effusion/emphysema and hydrocephalus are the most frequent complications.Non-culture detection methods for cerebrospinal fluid can improve pathogen detection rates.Adverse outcomes can be noted in more than 10% of PM cases.SP strains are high sensitivity to vancomycin,linezolid,meropenem,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):131-138]

Aim To study the synergistic effect of withaferin A (WA) combined with cisplatin (DDP) on cervical cancer and its mechanism. Methods MTT assay was employed to detect the synergistic effect of WA on DDP in cervical cancer cell lines. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting were used to investigate the effect of WA combined with DDP on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were used to detect NF-kB/MDR1 pathway related proteins. DCFH-DA and MitoSOX were applied to determine the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. A xenograft model was also used to evaluate the synergistic effect of WA on DDP. Results The combination of WA and DDP could inhibit the survival of cervical cancer cells, promote apoptosis, and inhibit the growth of tumor in mice. WA could inhibit DDP-induced NF-kB/MDR1 signaling pathway and promote ROS production. Conclusions WA plays a synergistic role in anti-cervical cancer by inhibiting DDP-induced NF-kB/MDR1 pathway activation and enhancing DDP induced ROS production.

Aim To investigate the effect of microinjection of EX527, a selective SIRT1 antagonist, into the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), and to explore the role of CREB/BDNF in it. Methods The cannulas were implanted bilaterally in the VLO of rats by brain stereotaxis surgery, and the model of morphine-induced CPP was established. The behavioral experiment consisted of four stages:habituation (d 1), pre-test (d 2-4), conditioning training (d 5-14) and test (d 15). At the stage of conditioning training, EX527 (1 μL, 5 g·L

OBJECTIVE: To provide guidance for hip replacement by analyzing the variation of femoral head rotation center in different hip diseases. METHODS: A total of 5 459 patients were collected from March 2016 to June 2021, who took positive and proportional plain films of both hips for various reasons. The relative position between the rotation center of the femoral head and the apex of the greater trochanter was measured. The positive variation is more than 2 mm above the top of the great trochanter, and the negative variation is more than 2 mm below the top of the great trochanter. A total of 831 patients with variation of femoral head rotation center were collected and were divided into 4 groups according to different diseases, and the variation was counted respectively. There were 15 cases in the normal group involving 10 cases of positive variation and 5 cases of negative variation. There were 145 cases of avascular necrosis of femoral head involving 25 cases of positive variation and 120 cases of negative variation. There were 346 cases of congenital hip dysplasia involving 225 cases of positive variation(including 25 cases of typeⅠ, 70 cases of type Ⅱ, 115 cases of type Ⅲ and 15 cases of type Ⅳ), and 121 cases of negative variation(including 50 cases of crowe typeⅠ, 60 cases of typeⅡ, 10 cases of type Ⅲ and 1 case of type Ⅳ). There were 325 cases of hip osteoarthritis group involving 45 cases of positive variation and 280 cases of negative variation. RESULTS: There was significant difference in variation of femoral head rotation center among the four groups(P<0.05). There was significant difference in variation of femoral head rotation center among different types of congenital hip dysplasia(P<0.05). There were significant differences in cervical trunk angle and eccentricity among different variations of femoral head rotation center(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The variation of femoral head rotation center is related to cervical trunk angle and eccentricity. The variation of femoral head rotation center is an important factor in hip diseases. The variation of femoral head rotation center is different in different hip diseases. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head and osteoarthritis of the hip were mostly negative variations. With the aggravation of congenital hip dysplasia, the variation of femoral head rotation center gradually changed from negative variation to positive variation.The variation of femoral head rotation center should be paid attention to in the preoperative planning of hip arthroplasty. It is of great significance to select the appropriate prosthesis and place the prosthesis accurately.
Humans ; Femur Head/surgery* ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital/surgery* ; Hip Prosthesis ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/methods* ; Femur/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of a child with Kartagener syndrome (KTS). METHODS: Trio-whole exome sequencing was carried out for the child and his parents, and candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Changes in protein structure due to missense variants were simulated and analyzed, and the Human Splicing Finder 3.0 (HSF 3.0) online platform was used to predict the effect of the variant of the non-coding region. RESULTS: The child had featured bronchiectasis, sinusitis and visceral inversion. Genetic testing revealed that he has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the DNAH5 gene, namely c.5174T>C and c.7610-3T>G. Sanger sequencing confirmed the existence of the variants. The variants were not found in the dbSNP, 1000 Genomes, ExAC, ClinVar and HGMD databases. Protein structural analysis suggested that the c.5174T>C (p.Leu1725Pro) variant may affect the stability of local structure and its biological activity. The results of HSF 3.0 analysis suggested that the c.7610-3T>G variant has probably destroyed a splicing receptor to affect the transcription process. CONCLUSION The compound heterozygous variants of the DNAH5 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis in the child. Above finding may facilitate the understanding of the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of KTS, and further expand the spectrum of DNAH5 gene variants.
Male ; Humans ; Child ; Mutation ; Kartagener Syndrome/genetics* ; Genetic Testing ; Mutation, Missense ; Exome Sequencing ; Axonemal Dyneins/genetics*

As a member of the apolipoprotein C (ApoC) family with a relatively high content, ApoC3 plays a major role in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the accumulation of a large amount of fat in the liver in the absence of a history of chronic alcohol consumption or other damage to the liver. A large number of previous studies have shown that there is a correlation between the gene polymorphism and high expression of ApoC3 and NAFLD. In the context of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), this article reviews the relationship between ApoC3 and NAFLD, glucose and lipid metabolism, and islet β cell function, showing that ApoC3 can not only inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activity, delay the decomposition of triglyceride in plasma to maintain the body's energy metabolism during fasting, but also be significantly increased under insulin resistance, prompting the liver to secrete a large amount of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) to induce HTG. Therefore, targeting and inhibiting ApoC3 might become a new approach to treat HTG. Increasing evidence suggests that ApoC3 does not appear to be an independent "contributor" to NAFLD. Similarly, our previous studies have shown that ApoC3 is not an independent factor triggering islet β cell dysfunction in ApoC3 transgenic mice, but in a state of excess nutrition, HTG triggered by ApoC3 high expression may exacerbate the effects of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance on islet β cell function, and the underlying mechanism remains to be further discussed.
Apolipoprotein C-III/genetics* ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology* ; Glucose/metabolism* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Humans ; Animals ; Hypertriglyceridemia/metabolism* ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism*

Objective: To analyze the status quo of the knowledge and related factors of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021. Methods: From August to November 2021, through network sampling method, 17 474 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Liaoning Province were surveyed. The WeChat public account was used to collect information such as demographic characteristics and core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among different groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors. Results: Among the 17 474 subjects, 43.1% (7 528) were male and 58.7% (10 262) were urban residents. The overall awareness rate was 72.3%, and the awareness rate of cancer cognition, prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management and rehabilitation were 71.4%, 67.6%, 72.7%, 83.4% and 63.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the residents who were man (OR: 0.850, 95%CI: 0.781-0.925), in rural areas (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.694-0.817), 55-59 years old (OR: 0.851, 95%CI: 0.751-0.963), quitters (OR: 0.721, 95%CI: 0.640-0.813) and smoker (OR: 0.724, 95%CI: 0.654-0.801) had lower awareness rates, while the residents who were 35-54 years old (OR: 1.312, 95%CI: 1.202-1.432), with an educational level of junior high school/senior high school/college degree or above (OR: 1.834-5.130, 95%CI: 1.575-6.047), technical personnel (OR: 1.592, 95%CI: 1.367-1.854), civil servant/institution staff (OR: 1.282, 95%CI: 1.094-1.503), enterprise/business/service staff (OR: 1.218, 95%CI: 1.071-1.385), retired (OR: 1.324, 95%CI: 1.114-1.573) and with family history of cancer (OR: 1.369, 95%CI: 1.266-1.481) had higher awareness rates. Conclusion: The level of the awareness of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province has met the requirements of the Healthy China Action. Region, gender, education level, age, family history of cancer and smoking are relevant factors.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; China ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Aged

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) is a complex cascade process and seriously hinders the recovery of patients with acute ischemic stroke, which has become an urgent public health issue to be addressed. Silent information regulators(SIRTs) are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, capable of deacylating the histone and non-histone lysine groups. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that SIRTs are able to regulate the pathological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, and programmed cell death of CIRI through post-translational deacetylation, and exert the neuroprotection function. In this study, we reviewed the papers about the role and regulatory mechanisms of SIRTs in the pathological process of CIRI published in the past decade. Further, we summarized the research advance in the prevention and treatment of CIRI with Chinese medicine targeting SIRTs and the related signaling pathways. This review will provide new targets and theoretical support for the clinical application of Chinese medicine in treating CIRI during the occurrence of ischemic stroke.
Humans ; Brain Ischemia/therapy* ; Ischemic Stroke/therapy* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Oxidative Stress ; Reperfusion Injury/therapy* ; Sirtuins/metabolism*

The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS~E) technology was employed to compare the chemical components between the aerial and underground parts of Coptis chinensis samples from different batches. According to the retention time, molecular ion peak, and LC-MS~E fragment information of the reference substances and available literature, we identified a total of 40 components. Thirty-three and 31 compounds were respectively identified in the underground part(taproots) and the aerial part(stems and leaves) of C. chinensis. Among them, 24 compounds, including alkaloids(e.g., berberine and jatrorrhizine) and phenolic acids(e.g., chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, and tanshinol), were common in the two parts. In addition, differential components were also identified, such as magnoline glucoside in the underground part and(±) lariciresionol-4-β-D-glucopyranoside in the aerial part. The analysis of fragmentation pathways based on spectra of reference substances indicated the differences among samples of different batches. Furthermore, we performed the principal component analysis(PCA) for the peak areas of C. chinensis in different batches. The results showed that the underground part and the aerial part were clearly clustered into two groups, indicating that the chemical components contained in the two parts were different. Furthermore, the results of partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) identified 31 differential compounds(VIP value>1) between the underground part and the aerial part, mainly including alkaloids, phenolic acids, lignans, and flavonoids. This study proves that C. chinensis possesses great development potential with multiple available compounds in stems and leaves. Moreover, it sheds light on for the development and utilization of non-medicinal organs of C. chinensis and other Chinese medicinal herbs.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Coptis chinensis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Technology