Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)is an inducible heme oxygenase and a catalytic enzyme for heme decomposition reactions,which can catalyze the heme decomposition into CO,biliverdin and Fe2+.HO-1 and its metabolites have anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in human body,and play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington's disease.This article will review the production,distribution,and gene structure of HO-1,the biological characteristics of its metabolites,and the role and mechanism of HO-1 in neurodegenerative diseases,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of HO-1.

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia-like primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) was commonly misdiagnosed as infectious pneumonia, leading to delayed treatment. The purpose of this study was to establish a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model to differentiate pneumonia-like PPL from infectious pneumonia. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 79 patients with pneumonia-like PPL and 176 patients with infectious pneumonia from 12 medical centers were enrolled. Patients from center 1 to center 7 were assigned to the training or validation cohort, and the remaining patients from other centers were used as the external test cohort. Radiomics features were extracted from CT images. A three-step procedure was applied for radiomics feature selection and radiomics signature building, including the inter- and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the significant clinicoradiological variables and construct a clinical factor model. Two radiologists reviewed the CT images for the external test set. Performance of the radiomics model, clinical factor model, and each radiologist were assessed by receiver operating characteristic, and area under the curve (AUC) was compared. RESULTS: A total of 144 patients (44 with pneumonia-like PPL and 100 infectious pneumonia) were in the training cohort, 38 patients (12 with pneumonia-like PPL and 26 infectious pneumonia) were in the validation cohort, and 73 patients (23 with pneumonia-like PPL and 50 infectious pneumonia) were in the external test cohort. Twenty-three radiomics features were selected to build the radiomics model, which yielded AUCs of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94-0.99), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.85-0.98), and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87-0.99) in the training, validation, and external test cohort, respectively. The AUCs for the two readers and clinical factor model were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63-0.83), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.62-0.82), and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62-0.84) in the external test cohort, respectively. The radiomics model outperformed both the readers' interpretation and clinical factor model ( P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS The CT-based radiomics model may provide an effective and non-invasive tool to differentiate pneumonia-like PPL from infectious pneumonia, which might provide assistance for clinicians in tailoring precise therapy.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging* ; Analysis of Variance ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging*

Objective:To compare the knowledge of endoscopic screening of gastrointestinal cancers between digestive healthcare workers and new chatbots (chatGPT and new Bing).Methods:A test with twenty-three questions of endoscopic screening of gastrointestinal cancers was conducted, focusing on the appropriate age of screening, high-risk factors, the follow-up time, and the advantages and risks of digestive endoscopy. Digestive healthcare workers were invited to complete the test through electronic questionnaires. New Bing and chatGPT were used to answer each question for 10 rounds. The primary endpoint was the correct rate of all answers. The answer accuracy between digestive healthcare workers and new chatbots were compared using variance analysis, and the factors that affected the accuracy of the answers in digestive healthcare workers were explored using univariate and multivariable liner regression analysis.Results:The results of the test completed by 76 digestive healthcare workers (21 residents, 28 digestive nurses, and 27 digestive doctors) were analyzed. The accuracies were 36.4%±10.9%, 34.5%±10.2%, 52.2%± 12.6%, 46.3%±9.8% and 67.1%±9.3% in residents, digestive nurses, digestive doctors, chatGPT, and new Bing, respectively, with significant difference ( F=22.6, P<0.001). The accuracy was highest in new Bing ( P<0.001). The accuracy was comparable between chatGPT and digestive doctors (LSD- t=-1.398, P=0.166), and both higher than that of digestive nurses (LSD- t=2.956, P=0.004; LSD- t=5.955, P<0.001) and residents (LSD- t=2.402, P=0.018; LSD- t=4.951, P<0.001). Furthermore, the accuracy was comparable between digestive nurses and residents (LSD- t=-0.574, P=0.567). Compared with new Bing, digestive doctors had lower accuracy in answering questions related to adverse events of screening, follow-up recommendation of intestinal metaplasia, high risk factors and screening methods for colon cancer ( P<0.05), but higher accuracy in answering questions related to endoscopic adverse events and screening methods for esophageal cancer ( P<0.05). Multivariable liner regression analysis showed that being digestive doctors ( β=11.7, t=3.054, P=0.003) and questionnaire response time (≥7.6 min) ( β=7.8, t=2.894, P=0.005) were independent factors for the answer accuracy of digestive healthcare workers. Conclusion:Compared with digestive healthcare workers, New chatbots—new Bing has higher accuracy in answering gastrointestinal cancer screening-related questions, but performs poorly in answering questions such as adverse events of endoscopy and screening methods for esophageal cancer.

Objective: The relationship between outdoor temperature and blood pressure (BP) has been inconclusive. We analyzed data from a prospective cohort study in northwestern China to investigate the effect of outdoor temperature on BP and effect modification by season. Methods: A total of 32,710 individuals who participated in both the baseline survey and the first follow-up in 2011-2015 were included in the study. A linear mixed-effect model and generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) were applied to estimate the association between outdoor temperature and BP after adjusting for confounding variables. Results: The mean differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between summer and winter were 3.5 mmHg and 2.75 mmHg, respectively. After adjusting for individual characteristics, meteorological factors and air pollutants, a significant increase in SBP and DBP was observed for lag 06 day and lag 04 day, a 0.28 mmHg (95% Conclusions This study demonstrated a significant negative association between outdoor temperature and BP in a high-altitude environment of northwest China. Moreover, BP showed a significant seasonal variation. The association between BP and temperature differed by season and individuals' demographic characteristics (age, gender, BMI), unhealthy behaviors (smoking and alcohol consumption), and chronic disease status (CVDs, hypertension, and diabetes).
Adult ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seasons ; Temperature

The 2017 China (Lianyungang) International Medical Technology Conference was held in Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province during November 15-17,2017.During this conference,the Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of Chinese Pharmacological Society (CNPHARS) and Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.jointly held the Forum on R&D and Interna-tionalization of New Drugs and Health Products of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The forum was co-chaired by Professor ZHANG Yong-xiang, President of CNPHARS, Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS,and Chair of the Natural Product Section of Inter-national Union of Basic&Clinical Pharmacology(IUPHAR), Professor DU Guan-hua,former President of CNPHARS and Vice-Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS,and Dr.XIAO Wei,Chairman of the Board of Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. And Vice-Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS. More than 70 scholars attended the forum, including four foreign experts [Michael SPEDDING, Secretary-General of IUPHAR; Professor Valérie B. SCHINI-KERTH, Vice-Chair of the Natural Product Section of IUPHAR; Professor Cherry WAINWRGHT, Director of Centre for Natural Product Drugs of Robert Gordon University; Professor InKyeom KIM, Director of the Korean Society of Pharmacology], members of the Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS and leading researchers at Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.GU Jin-hui,Director of the Division of National Science and Technology Major Project for Drug Innovation,Department of Health Science,Technology and Education,National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China was also invited to attend the forum. Representatives discussed the R&D and internationalization of new drugs and health products of traditional Chinese medicine.The summary of views and advice of some experts was published here for the purpose of promoting domestic and overseas academic exchange, and playing an active role in improving the level of R&D and internationalization of new drugs and health products of traditional Chinese medicine in China.

Objective:To evaluate the result of operation and gait analysis at the early stage after direct anterior approach (DAA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods: In this study,20 patients who suffered from necrosis of femoral head or developmental dysplasia of the hip were scheduled to undergo THA.The basic information and visual analogue scale (VAS) score,Harris score before and after surgery were recorded.All of the patients finished the gait analysis before the surgery and 6 weeks and 12 weeks after the surgery,the data were compared with those of normal adult people.Results: Their hospital stay after the operation was 3.3 d,the VAS score after the operation was no more than 4 points,the positions of prosthesis were satisfactory,and there was no dislocation.The gait analysis results contained step speed,stride,the range of motion (ROM) of hip and knee.The step speed before the surgery (preoperation,Pre) was 0.64 m/s,6 weeks after the surgery (6W) was 0.77 m/s,12 weeks after the surgery (12W) was 1.07 m/s,and the control group was 1.19 m/s.The stride at Pre,6W,12W,and control group were 43.15 steps/min,51.42 steps/min,55.52 steps/min,and 57.15 steps/min,respectively.The ROM of hip joint at Pre,6W,12W,and control group were 31.00°,39.62°,40.40°,and 45.67°,respectively.The ROM of knee joint at Pre,6W,12W,and control group were 50.52°,59.28°,67.29°,and 70.42°,respectively.The results of the gait analysis showed that the gait recovery after the direct anterior total hip arthroplasty was very fast and at the 12th week after surgery the gait of the patients was close to the normal adult people.Conclusion: The direct anterior approach is one of the choosable approach of the THA,and this kind of surgery has a better recovery of gait after the operation,and at the end of 12 weeks after the surgery the gait is very close to the normal adult people.But we also need more studies to prove this conclusion.

Objective To optimize the extraction process ofQingre-Shaoren granule, and established method for the determination of Paeoniflorin inQingre-Shaoren granule, for the production of quality protection. Methods The extraction ofQingre-Shaoren granule was determined by Orthogonal test with extraction rate as index. HPLC was performed on a Lichrospher-C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm)with the mobile phase of methanol- 0.2% HAC(25:75). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature at 25℃ and the detection wavelength was 232 nm.Results The optimal extraction condition were as follows: 1:30 solid-liquid ration, decocted with water for 3 times, and extraction time 60 min each time. The linear rang of Paeoniflorin was obtained between 0.1386-2.2176μg(r=0.9999), the average recovery was 99.80%,RSD was 2.28%(n=9). Conclusions The improved method is accurate and feasible. It can be used very convenient in quality control.

Objective To compare faster rehabilitation of different surgical approaches in total hip arthroplasty (THA)patients using a direct anterior approach or posterolateral approach.Methods Sixty-eight patients (35 in direct anterior THA and 33 in posterolateral THA) from September 2015 to March 2016 were recruited in the present study.The incision length,operation duration,intraoperative blood loss,serum creatinekinase (CK),C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score were compared between two groups respectively.The Harris hip score,the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) pain,walking,and activity scores,postoperative hospital length of stays,gait analysis,component placement and complications were also compared.Results The mean incision length,operation duration,intraoperative blood loss were 11.23±0.97 cm,73.77±9.20 min and 157.15±35.83 ml in the DAA group respectively,while those in PLA group were 15.16±1.12 cm,64.12±13.31 min and 126.97±45.45 ml.The mean incision length of the DAA group were significantly less than that of the PLA group.The DAA group underwent longer operation time that associated with more intraoperative blood loss.The levels of CK and inflammation markers were increased in the PLA group compared with those in the DAA group.The VAS pain score was less in the DAA group than the PLA group within postoperative 72 hours.Functional recovery in the DAA group was faster than that in the PLA group based on the Harris hip score,UCLA scores,and gait analysis up to 3 months.There was no difference in these outcomes between the groups beyond 6 months.The average postoperative hospital length of stay was 2.95±0.24 days and 3.35±0.51 days for the DAA group and PLA group respectively.The patients in DAA group required less postoperative hospital length of stays.The angle of acetabular cup anteversion in the DAA group (16.4°±2.3°) was lesser than that in the PLA group (20.4°±2.8°).There was one intraoperative nondisplaced greater trochanter fracture in the DAA group,whereas no intraoperative complications were occurred in the PLA group.Conclusion The present study showed that using direct anterior approach in THA provided significant benefits for patients in terms of muscle damage,VAS score,hospital length of stays and functional recovery in the early stage postoperatively compared to using posterolateral approach.

Objective To investigate biomechanical effects of different joint line height on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and to provide biomechanical evidence for surgical decision during UKA using finite element analysis (FEA).Methods On the basis of knee joint CT data from a healthy volunteer (male,30 years old,165 cm and 60 kg) and UKA prosthesis 3D scanned data,the 3D models of normal knee and UKA were constructed.Subject-specific finite element models with inhomogeneous material property assignment were constructed for normal knee and UKA with 3 different height of joint line (-3 mm,0 mm and +3 mm).Starting from the tibial articular surface,5 sections were extracted with 2 mm interval.30 nodes were selected in medial and lateral area,respectively on each section.The mean stress value of nodes was defined as the stress level of subchondral bone.Results Mean values of stress on polyethylene upper surface of 0,-3 and+3 mm joint line position were 14.84,26.81and 20.86 MPa,and the difference was statistical significant (t0vs-3=4.896,P0vs-3=0.000;t0vs+3=3.455,P0v+3=0.008;t-3vs+3=2.579,P-3vs+3=0.020).Mean values of stress on tibial prosthesis upper surface of 0,-3 and +3 mm joint line position were 29.69,50.49 and 39.99MPa,respectively,and the difference was statistical significant(t0vs-3=5.675,P0vs-3=0.000;t0vs+3=4.755,P0v+3=0.001;t-3vs+3=4.783,P-3vs+3=0.000).When joint line was in 0 mm height,stress level of subchondral bone was similar to that of normal knee.When joint line was in-3 mm height,significantly increased stress was found on polyethylene (increased 81％) and tibial component (increased 70％) surface compared with that of 0 mm height,while stress on trabecular bone under lateral tibial articular surface also increased by 8.7％.When joint line was in +3 mm height,increased stress on polyethylene (increased 41％) and tibial component (increased by 35％) surface were less than that of-3 mm height.Stress on trabecular bone under lateral articular surface decreased by 55.6％ compared with 0 mm height.Conclusion During UKA,ensuring a normal height of joint line is benefit to keep the stress path of the medial and lateral tibia similar with normal knee and decrease the risk of premature polyethylene wear,tibial component subsidence and periprosthetic fracture.

The quality control process throughout the Ebola virus nucleic acid detection in Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biological Safety Laboratory (SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab) was described in detail, in order to comprehensively display the scientific, rigorous, accurate and efficient practice in detection of Ebola virus of first batch detection team in SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab. Firstly, the key points of laboratory quality control system was described, including the managements and organizing, quality control documents and information management, instrument, reagents and supplies, assessment, facilities design and space allocation, laboratory maintenance and biosecurity. Secondly, the application of quality control methods in the whole process of the Ebola virus detection, including before the test, during the test and after the test, was analyzed. The excellent and professional laboratory staffs, the implementation of humanized management are the cornerstone of the success; High-level biological safety protection is the premise for effective quality control and completion of Ebola virus detection tasks. And professional logistics is prerequisite for launching the laboratory diagnosis of Ebola virus. The establishment and running of SLE-CHN Biosafety Lab has landmark significance for the friendship between Sierra Leone and China, and the lab becomes the most important base for Ebola virus laboratory testing in Sierra Leone.
China ; Ebolavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; diagnosis ; virology ; Humans ; Laboratories ; manpower ; standards ; Laboratory Infection ; Quality Control ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sierra Leone