BACKGROUND:Neuregulin 1 has been shown to be characterized in cell proliferation,differentiation,and vascular growth.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells are important seed cells in the field of tissue engineering,and have been shown to be involved in tissue repair and regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To construct human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin 1 and investigate their proliferation and migration abilities,as well as their effects on wound healing. METHODS:(1)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro isolated and cultured and identified.(2)A lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin 1 was constructed.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were divided into empty group,neuregulin 1 group,and control group,and transfected with empty lentivirus and lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin 1,or not transfected,respectively.(3)Edu assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of the cells of each group,and Transwell assay was used to detect the migration ability of the cells.(4)The C57 BL/6 mouse trauma models were constructed and randomly divided into control group,empty group,neuregulin 1 group,with 8 mice in each group.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells transfected with empty lentivirus or lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin-1 were uniformly injected with 1 mL at multiple local wound sites.The control group was injected with an equal amount of saline.(5)The healing of the trauma was observed at 1,7,and 14 days after model establishment.Histological changes of the healing of the trauma were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The expression of CD31 on the trauma was observed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin-1 were successfully constructed.The mRNA and protein expression of intracellular neuregulin 1 was significantly up-regulated compared with the empty group(P<0.05).(2)The overexpression of neuregulin 1 promoted the migratory ability(P<0.01)and proliferative ability of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells(P<0.05).(3)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin 1 promoted wound healing in mice(P<0.05)and wound angiogenesis(P<0.05).The results showed that overexpression of neuregulin 1 resulted in an increase in the proliferative and migratory capacities of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells,significantly promoting wound healing and angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the midterm clinical efficacy of medial patellofemoral complex (MPFC) reconstruction for recurrent patellar dislocation with high-grade trochlear dysplasia. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out among adult patients who underwent arthroscopically assisted MPFC reconstruction between January 2014 and December 2020. Dejour classification was evaluated to grade trochlear dysplasia; tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance and Insall-Salvati index were measured. Preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were compared, including International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Kujala score, Lysholm score and Tegner score. Information regarding returning-to-sport rate, re-instability events and complications was collected. Patellar tilt (PT), lateral patellar displacement (LPD) and bisect offset (BSO) ratio were measured based on axial computed tomography before and after surgery to assess the patellofemoral congruence. RESULTS: A total of 46 MPFC reconstructions in 43 patients were enrolled, including 16 male and 27 female. Mean age at surgery was (22.2±7.6) years (range: 14-44 years). Mean follow-up was (49.9±22.6) months (range: 18-102 months). The percentages of Dejour B, C and D dysplasia were 37.0% (17/46), 43.5% (20/46), and 19.6% (9/46), respectively. Mean Insall-Salvati index was 1.2±0.2 (range: 0.85-1.44), and mean TT-TG distance was (19.6±3.5) mm (range: 10.6-28.7 mm). At latest follow-up, there were significant improvements in all PROMs (P < 0.001): IKDC score, from 56.3±15.1 to 86.2±8.1; Kujala score, from 58.9±15.6 to 92.6±5.4; Lysholm score, from 63.7±15.0 to 94.0±5.7; Tegner score, from 3.1±1.4 to 4.7±1.4, and there were no significant differences in the improvements of the scores between the patients with Dejour B, C and D dysplasia. Overall, ninety percent of the patients returned to their preoperative sports level. One patient reported a postoperative subluxation, while no cases of infection, limited range of motion or patella fracture were observed. PT, LPD and BSO ratio were all significant altered (P < 0.001) after MPFC reconstruction. CONCLUSION Arthroscopically assisted MPFC reconstruction yielded satisfactory midterm clinical results for recurrent patellar dislocation with high-grade trochlear dysplasia. No significant differences of improvements in knee function were observed among the three types of high-grade trochlear dysplasia.
Humans ; Patellar Dislocation/surgery* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Patellofemoral Joint/surgery* ; Recurrence ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Patella/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

Traditional development of small protein scaffolds has relied on display technologies and mutation-based engineering, which limit sequence and functional diversity, thereby constraining their therapeutic and application potential. Protein design tools have significantly advanced the creation of novel protein sequences, structures, and functions. However, further improvements in design strategies are still needed to more efficiently optimize the functional performance of protein-based drugs and enhance their druggability. Here, we extended an evolution-based design protocol to create a novel minibinder, BindHer, against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It not only exhibits super stability and binding selectivity but also demonstrates remarkable properties in tissue specificity. Radiolabeling experiments with ^99mTc, ⁶⁸Ga, and ¹⁸F revealed that BindHer efficiently targets tumors in HER2-positive breast cancer mouse models, with minimal nonspecific liver absorption, outperforming scaffolds designed through traditional engineering. These findings highlight a new rational approach to automated protein design, offering significant potential for large-scale applications in therapeutic mini-protein development.

Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological, structural, and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages. The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection, comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
Humans ; Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Consensus

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death globally. HCM can precipitate heart failure (HF) by causing the cardiac tissue to weaken and stretch, thereby impairing its pumping efficiency. Moreover, HCM increases the risk of atrial fibrillation, which in turn elevates the likelihood of thrombus formation and stroke. Given these significant clinical ramifications, research into the etiology and pathogenesis of HCM is intensifying at multiple levels. In this review, we discuss and synthesize the latest findings on HCM pathogenesis, drawing on key experimental studies conducted both in vitro and in vivo. We also offer our insights and perspectives on these mechanisms, while highlighting the limitations of current research. Advancing fundamental research in this area is essential for developing effective therapeutic interventions and enhancing the clinical management of HCM.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Animals

Objective To explore the feasibility of peritoneal dialysis catheter placement assisted by flexible ureteroscope.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 54 cases of end-stage renal disease receiving peritoneal dialysis catheter placement from May 2019 to March 2023.The placement method was chosen by the patient.In the conventional group,23 cases were guided by a metal guide wire for insertion of the peritoneal dialysis catheter,while in the flexible ureteroscope group,31 cases were guided by flexible ureteroscope instead of guide wire for insertion of the peritoneal dialysis catheter.The success rate of catheterization,surgical time,use of postoperative analgesic,complications related to peritoneal dialysis catheter,and postoperative creatinine decrease were compared between the two groups.Results The catheter placement was successfully performed in both groups.The total incidence of complications related to peritoneal dialysis catheter in the flexible ureteroscope group was lower than that in the conventional group[6.5%(2/31)vs.30.4%(7/23),χ2 =3.878,P =0.049].Between the conventional group and the flexible ureteroscope group,there were no statistically significant differences in the surgical time,postoperative analgesic usage,and the decrease of creatinine at 2 weeks after surgery(P>0.05).The median postoperative follow-up period was10 months(range,3-24 months)in the two groups,and there were no complications such as peritoneal leakage,intestinal perforation,or intraperitoneal bleeding.Conclusion The placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter guided by the flexible ureteroscope instead of metal guide wire is a safe,visible,and accurate method,which can reduce complications related to peritoneal dialysis catheter,and detect and manage comorbidities in the abdominal cavity.

Using column chromatography methods including the macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI gel CHP 20P, ODS-A-HG, Sephadex LH-20, combined with chromatographic separation methods such as TLC and reversed-phase HPLC, three glycosides (1-3) and two peptides including two new compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of arthropod Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. Their structures were identified as colosides A and B (1 and 2), 3,4-dihydroxyquinoline-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), aurantiamide (4), cyclo (L-phe-L-val) (5) by UV, NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic techniques.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of flupentixol combined with ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in patients receiving sufentanil and dezocine patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA).Methods Surgical patients receiving sufentanil and dezocine PCIA were randomly divided into treatment and control groups using a random number table.The control group received sufentanil 150 μg,dezocine 20 mg,and ondansetron 8 mg for PCIA,while the treatment group received sufentanil 150 μg,dezocine 20 mg,flupentixol 5 mg,and ondansetron 8 mg for PCIA.The incidence of PONV,severity of PONV,heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),blood oxygen saturation(SPO2)levels at different time points after surgery,surgery-related indicators,visual analogue scale(VAS)scores,Ramsay scores,PCIA pressing times,and incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of PONV in the treatment group and the control group at 2,12,24,36 and 48 hours after surgery were 1.64％,4.84％,6.56％,3.28％,0 and 14.75％,18.03％,19.67％,16.39％,9.84％,respectively.The HR at 24 hours after surgery in the treatment group and the control group were(91.42±8.75)and(98.13±9.62)beat·min-1,respectively;the MAP were(91.98±4.56)and(99.05±4.17)mmHg;SPO2 were(98.13±1.65)％and(98.95±1.82)％;VAS scores were 2.68±0.49 and 2.97±0.63;Ramsay scores were 2.27±0.65 and 2.05±0.32;PCIA pressing times were(2.14±0.37)and(4.36±0.78)times,respectively.The differences in the above indicators between the treatment group and the control group were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The incidence of total adverse drug reactions after surgery in the treatment group and the control group were 13.12％and 8.20％,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Flupentixol combined with ondansetron can reduce the risk of PONV caused by sufentanil combined with dezocine PCIA after surgery,ensuring good analgesic effects and safety.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective To explore the application value of deep learning image reconstruction(DLIR)algorithm in low-dose deep inferior epigastric artery(DIEA)computed tomography angiography(CTA).Methods A total of 59 patients undergoing DIEA CTA were prospectively selected and randomly divided into two groups:group A(29 cases)and group B(30 cases).Group A was the conventional radiation dose group(tube voltage 120 kVp),the tube current was dose modulation 3,and the iterative reconstruction algo-rithm was Karl 5.Group B was the low radiation dose group(tube voltage 120 kVp),the tube current was dose modulation 2,with DLIR reconstruction algorithm,and four levels of DLIR(1-4)were reconstructed and labeled as groups B1 to B4.The mean tube current,vol-ume CT dose index(CTDIvol),and dose length product(DLP)of group A and group B were recorded,and the effective dose(ED)was calculated.The CT and standard deviation(SD)values of the external iliac artery and psoas major muscle were measured on axial images of each group,and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)were calculated.Two observers using double-blind method independently evaluated the DIEA on volume rendering(VR)and maximum intensity projection(MIP)images of each group using a 3-point scale,and a 5-point scale was used to evaluate the overall image quality on axial images.Results Compared with group A,the mean tube current and ED in group B were decreased by 39.33％and 44.09％,respectively(P＜0.05).With the increasing of DLIR level from groups B1 to B4,the SD value of the image gradually decreased,while SNR and CNR gradually increased(P＜0.05).The CNR in groups B3 and B4 was higher than that in group A(P＜0.05).The subjective scores of the two observers were consistent(Kappa value 0.779-0.889,P＜0.05),and there was no statistical significance between group A and group B in the perforating vessels from the DIEA,intramuscular course,and the point of emergence(P＞0.05).With the increase in DLIR level,the subjective score of the overall image quality from group B1 to group B4 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the score of group B3 was the highest(4.50±0.51)points,which had no statistical significance compared with group A(4.45±0.51)points(P＞0.05).Conclusion DLIR can effectively reduce the radiation dose of the DIEA CT A scan and ensure the image quality,among which DLIR 3 is the recommended best reconstruction grade.