The oocyte， as the origin of life， provides half the chromosomes to the embryo and supplies the proteins， substrates， energy， and other support necessary for embryonic development. It is the decisive factor determining the embryo's developmental potential. Infertility caused by reproductive endocrine diseases targets the oocyte as the final target cell. Improving oocyte quality represents a key and difficult point in the field of modern reproductive medicine. The decline of oocyte quality is related to meiosis abnormalities， DNA damage， mitochondrial dysfunction， oxidative stress， and other mechanisms. For oocyte quality problems， there is no unified international guideline to recommend drugs. Because the drug intervention research on oocytes involves strict clinical ethical restrictions， the current relevant research only stays in the animal and in vitro experimental stage and has not yet been applied to the clinic. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has a multi-target and multi-pathway regulation mechanism and is widely used in clinics. More and more research began to pay attention to the potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas in improving oocyte quality. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has the advantages of multi-target and multi-channel synergy as well as better safety， individualization， and conformity to clinical ethics in improving oocyte quality. This article systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine compound formula interventions for oocyte quality， aiming to summarize existing findings and provide recommendations to improve oocyte quality and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of female infertility within traditional Chinese medicine.

The oocyte， as the origin of life， provides half the chromosomes to the embryo and supplies the proteins， substrates， energy， and other support necessary for embryonic development. It is the decisive factor determining the embryo's developmental potential. Infertility caused by reproductive endocrine diseases targets the oocyte as the final target cell. Improving oocyte quality represents a key and difficult point in the field of modern reproductive medicine. The decline of oocyte quality is related to meiosis abnormalities， DNA damage， mitochondrial dysfunction， oxidative stress， and other mechanisms. For oocyte quality problems， there is no unified international guideline to recommend drugs. Because the drug intervention research on oocytes involves strict clinical ethical restrictions， the current relevant research only stays in the animal and in vitro experimental stage and has not yet been applied to the clinic. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has a multi-target and multi-pathway regulation mechanism and is widely used in clinics. More and more research began to pay attention to the potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas in improving oocyte quality. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has the advantages of multi-target and multi-channel synergy as well as better safety， individualization， and conformity to clinical ethics in improving oocyte quality. This article systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine compound formula interventions for oocyte quality， aiming to summarize existing findings and provide recommendations to improve oocyte quality and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of female infertility within traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND:Autologous bone,allogeneic bone or artificial bone has been used to promote bone defect repair in the clinic,but the rate of non-healing is still high.The key is to ignore the importance of periosteum in the bone healing process.In the early stage of the project,the project team constructed an electrospinning membrane loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor to highly simulate the intramembranous osteogenesis of natural periosteum at the bone defect site,which promoted bone regeneration to a certain extent.However,the injured area often faces the dilemma of severe inflammatory response mediated by macrophages and lack of seed cells,resulting in the risk of inactivation or diffusion of delivered biological factors.Therefore,it is necessary to further optimize and coordinate the immune regulation and angiogenesis functions of biomimetic periosteum to promote bone repair.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the physicochemical properties of stem cell-engineered bionic periosteum and its role in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment to promote bone repair.METHODS:By combining L-polylactic acid-based microsol electrospinning,type Ⅰ collagen self-assembly and gel stem cell transplantation technology,a bionic periosteum(M@C-B)was constructed,in which the core layer loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor and the shell layer delivered bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to regulate the immune microenvironment of bone defects.The physicochemical properties of the periosteum were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.A co-culture system was established between the bionic periosteum and macrophages,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to explore immune regulation and in vitro osteogenic and angiogenic abilities.Finally,the osteogenic properties of the stem cell engineered bionic periosteum were further verified in a rat femoral condyle defect model.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Transmission electron microscopy results showed that the micro-sol electrospinning(MS)formed a distinct core-shell structure.Scanning electron microscopy indicated that after the assembly of the collagen-l artificial periosteum(M@C)on the surface of the vascular endothelial growth factor-loaded micro-sol,a distinct"spider web-like"fibrous structure was deposited.Infrared spectroscopy further confirmed the successful self-assembly of collagen-l.Release experiments demonstrated that the M@C group mitigated the burst release phenomenon compared to the MS group,maintaining internal vascular endothelial growth factor activity and sustained release.(2)Live/dead cell staining and CCK-8 assay showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferated well and survived on three types of artificial periosteum:MS,purely aligned poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)surface self-assembled collagen-l artificial periosteum(PLLA@C),and vascular endothelial growth factor-loaded micro-sol fiber surface self-assembled collagen-l-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells artificial periosteum(M@C-B).Among them,the M@C-B group had the highest number of live cells and the fastest proliferation rate.(3)Alkaline phosphatase staining,alizarin red staining,and osteopontin immunofluorescence staining showed that the PLLA@C and M@C-B groups significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Angiogenesis experiments demonstrated that the vascular endothelial growth factor-loaded groups(MS and M@C-B)had longer blood vessel lengths and more reticular vascular-like structures with more cross-linked nodes,with the M@C-B group being the most prominent.(4)Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry showed that artificial periosteum in the M@C-B group significantly inhibited the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and promoted the polarization of macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.(5)In vivo studies further confirmed that the M@C-B group showed superior bone mineral density,trabecular thickness,relative bone volume,and trabecular spacing compared to other groups.(6)These results indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-engineered artificial periosteum,through the rapid regulation of the bone defect immune microenvironment by the collagen-l-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells outer phase and the sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor by the micro-sol electrospinning core-shell structure of the inner phase,synergistically promotes bone healing.

BACKGROUND:Due to the complex movement of the scapula,which is a six-degree-of-freedom activity in three-dimensional space,it is difficult to measure it accurately using traditional methods.The image and model matching technology based on dual-plane X-ray is a three-dimensional measurement method that has gradually developed and matured in recent years.Two high-speed cameras are used to project and shoot from orthogonal directions.Compared with a single perspective,this method has advantages in observation range and reduction of out-of-plane errors,and is suitable for the study of scapula kinematics.OBJECTIVE:X-ray biplane and image-model registration technology were used to explore the differences in scapular kinematics between normal individuals and patients with rotator cuff tears,providing a basis for the treatment and rehabilitation of rotator cuff tear patients.METHODS:From April 2023 to January 2024,10 patients with normal shoulders and 10 patients with rotator cuff tears who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled from Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The subjects underwent a shoulder CT scan to create a 3D model and a local scapular coordinate system.X-ray biplane images were taken during shoulder abduction with two C-arm machines.The 2D and 3D images were registered to compare scapular kinematic differences between the two groups at 0°,15°,30°,45°,60°,75°,and 90° of abduction,including scapular rotation angle and displacement distance.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)During shoulder abduction,the scapula of both groups showed upward rotation,but the upward rotation of the rotator cuff tear group was greater than that of the control group,and the difference was significant when the abduction was 30°-90°(P＜0.01).At the same time,the scapula internal rotation of both groups gradually increased,but the rotator cuff tear group was significantly greater than the control group when the abduction was 45°-90°(P＜0.01).In addition,the anteroposterior tilt of the scapula of the two groups was significantly different when the abduction was 15°-90°(P＜0.01).The scapula posterior tilt of the control group gradually increased during abduction,while the scapula of the rotator cuff tear group tilted forward except for a slight posterior tilt at 15°-30° abduction.(2)In terms of displacement,the upward displacement of the rotator cuff tear group was less than that of the control group during abduction,and the difference was significant at 15°-90°(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in lateral and anterior-posterior displacement between the two groups(P＞0.05).(3)Rotator cuff tear can cause scapular dyskinesis,characterized by increased upward rotation,internal rotation,and abnormal forward tilt during shoulder abduction.Identifying and addressing scapular dyskinesis is crucial for treating rotator cuff tear.

As the core vehicle for preserving and transmitting traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） academic thought and clinical experience， the establishment of a robust quality evaluation system for TCM clinical case reports is a crucial component in the current standardization and modernization of TCM. Based on the practical experience of constructing the China Clinical Cases Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine by the China Association of Chinese Medicine， this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of critical challenges， including insufficient authenticity and unfocused evaluation criteria. It proposed a three-dimensional evaluation framework grounded in the structure-process-outcome logic， encompassing three dimensions of authenticity and standardization， characteristics and advantages， application and translational impact. This framework integrated 12 key evaluation indicators in a systematic manner. The model preserved the academic characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment， while aligning with modern scientific research standards， achieving a balance between individualized TCM experience and standardized evaluation. Concurrently， this study provided theoretical foundations and methodological guidance for evaluating the quality of TCM clinical cases， contributing significantly to the inheritance of TCM knowledge， evidence-based practice， and the reform of talent evaluation mechanisms.

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose transscleral cyclophotocoagulation(TSCP)in the management of persistent ocular hypertension after an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma(AACG).METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with persistent ocular hypertension after an acute AACG attack at the No.988 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese PLA between September 2023 and September 2024. All patients underwent low-dose TSCP using a semiconductor diode laser. Subsequent cataract surgery combined with goniosynechialysis was performed once intraocular pressure(IOP)was stabilized. Changes in anterior chamber depth(ACD), best-corrected visual acuity(VA), and IOP were compared before and after TSCP, as well as before and after phacoemulsification. Post-TSCP complications were also documented.RESULTS: A total of 21 patients(21 eyes)were enrolled, including 8 males and 13 females, with a mean age of 67.95±7.25 y. Compared with pre-cyclophotocoagulation values, ACD increased significantly at 3 d post-TSCP(1.49±0.18 vs 1.22±0.21 mm; P<0.001). BCVA and IOP decreased significantly at 1 d post-TSCP, pre-phacoemulsification, 1 wk post-phacoemulsification, and 1 mo post-phacoemulsification compared with pre-TSCP IOP(all P<0.01). Regarding postoperative complications, 2 eyes experienced pain on the day of the procedure, 5 eyes developed mild corneal endothelial folds, 2 eyes exhibited moderate anterior chamber inflammatory reaction, and 12 eyes showed shallow ciliary body detachment. No serious complications occurred during the 1-month follow-up period.CONCLUSION:Low-dose TSCP appears to be an effective bridging therapy for patients with persistent ocular hypertension following an AACG attack. It facilitates rapid IOP reduction, alleviates symptoms, and helps preserve visual function with a favorable safety profile, thereby reducing the risks associated with subsequent intraocular surgery.

A portion of patients undergoing implant restoration require bone augmentation procedures to ensure that there is sufficient bone volume around the implant. For the patients with horizontal bone ridge defects at edentulous sites, with or without mild to moderate vertical bone defects, the shell technique serves as a reliable and minimally invasive bone augmentation method with effective space maintenance. The shell technique involves fixating 1 mm cortical bone blocks to the recipient site, using retention screws and filling the gap between the bone block and recipient bed with particulate bone substitute materials, and covering the barrier membrane to achieve bone augmentation. The overlying tension-free soft tissue closure seals the surgical site while local peripheral blood releases osteoclasts and cytokines that gradually degrade the bone block. The rigid fixation of the bone block ensures a stable internal environment for osteogenesis and a new bone regeneration cycle. Although this technique demonstrates favorable bone augmentation outcomes, it is highly technique-sensitive. There are certain differences in the application scenarios and osteogenic processes for autologous and allogeneic bone shells. The selection of bone blocks and particulate bone substitute materials significantly influences the osteogenic biological process and the predictability of bone augmentation results. Complications associated with the shell technique possess distinct characteristics, such as the immunogenicity of allogeneic bone fragments, soft tissue cracking, and bone fragment loosening. Their prevention and subsequent management substantially impact the success rate of osteogenesis. This article delves into the biological mechanisms of osteogenesis in the bone block technique, summarizing the indications, clinical outcomes, classification of bone blocks, and surgical workflow management, as well as complication prevention and management, aiming to provide a reference for the future application and development of the bone shell technique.

Objective: To explore the impact of different blood donation scenarios on population characteristics and blood donation behaviors, and to provide a basis for precise blood donation recruitment. Methods: Eligible voluntary blood donors with complete records from four scenarios in Xi'an: medical institutions, cultural tourism SITES, commercial superstores, and blood centers. After a preliminary analysis of overall donor characteristics across the four scenarios, three core subgroups were defined based on scenarios and donor population differences: the medical subgroup (aged 30-39 years), the blood center subgroup (aged 30-39 years), and the cultural tourism and commercial superstore subgroup (aged 18-29 years). Baseline characteristics, blood donation behaviors, and blood test results were compared among the subgroups. Results: The blood donors in all four scenarios were mainly male, but the proportion of female donors in the medical scenario was the highest (26.4%, 8 878/33 634). In terms of age distribution, the cultural tourism and commercial superstore scenarios were dominated by donors aged 18-29, while the blood center and medical scenarios were dominated by those aged 30-39, with the highest proportion of donors over 40 in the medical scenario. The occupational and educational composition of blood donors in the blood center scenario spanned a wide range, exhibiting a clear bipolar distribution. Significant differences were observed in baseline characteristics, blood donation behaviors, and blood test results among the three core subgroups (P<0.001). The medical subgroup was mainly composed of enterprise/industrial workers and married individuals, with high proportions of first-time blood donors, and the highest unqualified rate of infectious indicators (2.0%, 274/13 509). The cultural tourism and commercial superstore subgroup was mainly unmarried and students, featured high proportions of large-volume donations and evening donations, and had a relatively high unqualified rate for ALT (0.4%, 130/31 443). The blood center subgroup had a complex population structure, a high proportion of repeat blood donors (45.3%, 6449/14 225), and moderate results in all test indicators. Conclusion: There is an inherent correlation between the attributes of blood donation scenarios, population characteristics, and blood donation behaviors. The differences among the three core subgroups provide a clear basis for precise scenario operation. By constructing transformation channels between different scenarios and optimizing scenario-specific strategies, the structure of blood donors can be improved, thereby supporting the sustainable development of voluntary blood donation.

Blood standardization is a crucial means of promoting the healthy and sustainable development of China's blood industry. The construction of a blood standard system serves as the foundational work for blood standardization. To facilitate the continuous improvement of blood standardization efforts, this paper begins by describing the current status and analyzing the issues within China's blood standard system. Through systematic research, it proposes a framework for constructing a blood standard system and offers revision recommendations for its enhancement. Based on the first five editions of the blood standard system developed by Sub-Committee of Blood Standards of National Committee of Health Standards, this study further refines the revision and detailed construction of the standards framework—the primary task in establishing the blood standard system. It provides specific guidance for both the construction and application of the blood standard system. This work serves as a reference and basis for the reasonable and standardized formulation and revision of blood standards, as well as for the management and implementation of blood standardization efforts.

BACKGROUND:Due to the complex movement of the scapula,which is a six-degree-of-freedom activity in three-dimensional space,it is difficult to measure it accurately using traditional methods.The image and model matching technology based on dual-plane X-ray is a three-dimensional measurement method that has gradually developed and matured in recent years.Two high-speed cameras are used to project and shoot from orthogonal directions.Compared with a single perspective,this method has advantages in observation range and reduction of out-of-plane errors,and is suitable for the study of scapula kinematics.OBJECTIVE:X-ray biplane and image-model registration technology were used to explore the differences in scapular kinematics between normal individuals and patients with rotator cuff tears,providing a basis for the treatment and rehabilitation of rotator cuff tear patients.METHODS:From April 2023 to January 2024,10 patients with normal shoulders and 10 patients with rotator cuff tears who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled from Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The subjects underwent a shoulder CT scan to create a 3D model and a local scapular coordinate system.X-ray biplane images were taken during shoulder abduction with two C-arm machines.The 2D and 3D images were registered to compare scapular kinematic differences between the two groups at 0°,15°,30°,45°,60°,75°,and 90° of abduction,including scapular rotation angle and displacement distance.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)During shoulder abduction,the scapula of both groups showed upward rotation,but the upward rotation of the rotator cuff tear group was greater than that of the control group,and the difference was significant when the abduction was 30°-90°(P＜0.01).At the same time,the scapula internal rotation of both groups gradually increased,but the rotator cuff tear group was significantly greater than the control group when the abduction was 45°-90°(P＜0.01).In addition,the anteroposterior tilt of the scapula of the two groups was significantly different when the abduction was 15°-90°(P＜0.01).The scapula posterior tilt of the control group gradually increased during abduction,while the scapula of the rotator cuff tear group tilted forward except for a slight posterior tilt at 15°-30° abduction.(2)In terms of displacement,the upward displacement of the rotator cuff tear group was less than that of the control group during abduction,and the difference was significant at 15°-90°(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in lateral and anterior-posterior displacement between the two groups(P＞0.05).(3)Rotator cuff tear can cause scapular dyskinesis,characterized by increased upward rotation,internal rotation,and abnormal forward tilt during shoulder abduction.Identifying and addressing scapular dyskinesis is crucial for treating rotator cuff tear.