Objective To enhance the accessibility of hand hygiene(HH)facilities and HH compliance,and re-duce the risk of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)of psychiatric patients in specialized psychiatric hospitals by designing and installing personalized HH facilities.Methods 12 wards in a tertiary first-class specialized psychiatric hospital in Beijing were selected.Personalized HH facilities were designed and installed at corresponding locations in the wards according to patients' accessibility.Using direct observation method and with the installation date(Feb-ruary 1,2024)of HH facilities as the node,HH compliance of hospitalized patients before(October 2023 to Janu-ary 2024)and after(February to May 2024)the installation of facilities was investigated.Changes before and after the installation of HH facilities were evaluated.Results The compliance rate and accuracy rate of patients' HH be-fore HH facilities installation were 51.85％and 34.49％,respectively.While those after the installation were 59.96％and 46.26％,respectively,both higher than before the installation(both P＜0.05).After the installation,HH compliance rates of patients before and after eating,before defecation and urination,before and after leaving the ward,before and after touching public goods,as well as before and after contacting with other patients or items were all higher than those before installation(all P＜0.05).The compliance rate and accuracy rate of HH of male and female patients after installation were both higher than those before installation(both P＜0.05).Conclusion The accessibility of HH facilities in specialized psychiatric hospitals is poor.HH compliance rate and accuracy rate of patients are low.Installing personalized HH facilities can enhance HH compliance rate and accuracy rate of pa-tients while ensuring patients safety.

Objective To enhance the accessibility of hand hygiene(HH)facilities and HH compliance,and re-duce the risk of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)of psychiatric patients in specialized psychiatric hospitals by designing and installing personalized HH facilities.Methods 12 wards in a tertiary first-class specialized psychiatric hospital in Beijing were selected.Personalized HH facilities were designed and installed at corresponding locations in the wards according to patients' accessibility.Using direct observation method and with the installation date(Feb-ruary 1,2024)of HH facilities as the node,HH compliance of hospitalized patients before(October 2023 to Janu-ary 2024)and after(February to May 2024)the installation of facilities was investigated.Changes before and after the installation of HH facilities were evaluated.Results The compliance rate and accuracy rate of patients' HH be-fore HH facilities installation were 51.85％and 34.49％,respectively.While those after the installation were 59.96％and 46.26％,respectively,both higher than before the installation(both P＜0.05).After the installation,HH compliance rates of patients before and after eating,before defecation and urination,before and after leaving the ward,before and after touching public goods,as well as before and after contacting with other patients or items were all higher than those before installation(all P＜0.05).The compliance rate and accuracy rate of HH of male and female patients after installation were both higher than those before installation(both P＜0.05).Conclusion The accessibility of HH facilities in specialized psychiatric hospitals is poor.HH compliance rate and accuracy rate of patients are low.Installing personalized HH facilities can enhance HH compliance rate and accuracy rate of pa-tients while ensuring patients safety.

OBJECTIVE To study active components and antitussive effect of aboveground part of Pinellia ternata （non- medicinal stems and leaves）， and compare them with the underground part of P. ternata （medicinal underground tubers）， providing scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization and product development of P. ternata. METHODS TLC， GC， HPLC and UPLC- MS/MS were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of amino acids， volatile oil， total flavonoids and succinic acid from the aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata. The antitussive effects of the aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata were compared and studied through cough inducing experiment with concentrated ammonia water. RESULTS Results of TLC showed that at the corresponding positions on the chromatograms of the reference substances of P. ternata， and arginine， alanine， valine， leucine and rutin control， the aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata showed spots of the same color. Results of GC showed that the similarity among characteristic chromatograms of volatile oil from aboveground and underground parts of P. ternata was 0.767； results of HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS showed that compared with underground parts of P. ternata， the contents of succinic acid， quercetin， kaempferol and isorhamnetin increased by 0.15%， 0.15%， 0.09% and 0.03%， and aspartate content decreased by 2.5 mg/g. Pharmacodynamics results showed that compared with model control group， the cough incubation period of rats was prolonged significantly in administration groups （P＜0.05）， and the cough frequency within 3 min was significantly decreased （P＜0.05）； there was no statistical significance in the cough frequency within 3 min among administration groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The composition of amino acids， volatile oils and total flavonoids in aboveground part of P. ternata are similar to underground part of P. ternata， while the content of aspartic acid is lower than that in underground part. The aboveground part of P. ternata can prolong the cough incubation period of rats and reduce the number of coughs， which has a certain antitussive effect， but the effect is slightly weaker than that of the underground part.