The spine is the most common site of skeletal metastasis in lung cancer, which frequently leads to severe complications such as pathological fracture and neurological compromise and is associated with poor prognosis. The development and progression of spinal metastasis from lung cancer are linked to the unique local microenvironment and tumor microenvironment (TME) of the vertebral column. During metastatic evolution, the dense vascular network of the spine and a plethora of signaling molecules, together with the complex cellular constituents and their intricate interactions within the TME, all cooperate to facilitate the tumor invasion and colonization of the vertebral compartment. Mechanistic studies delineating the role of the TME in spinal metastasis from lung cancer have markedly expanded, fostering the emergence of innovative therapeutic strategies—including nanomedicines, sono-photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, and combination regimens. These strategies demonstrate remarkably potential for clinical translation and offer new directions for the precision management of spinal metastasis from lung cancer.

BACKGROUND:Lumbar disc degeneration is a common disease that causes lower back pain and lower limb neurological symptoms.The balance of collagen metabolism plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral discs.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in the imbalance of collagen metabolism in intervertebral disc degeneration.METHODS:The first author searched for relevant literature published before May 2024 in CNKI,PubMed and Web of Science databases.Search terms were"degenerative disc disease,""collagen metabolism,""collagenase family,""collagen synthesis related factors,"and"collagen breakdown related factors"in Chinese and English.Seventy-six articles were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the process of intervertebral disc degeneration,the balance of collagen metabolism plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the normal intervertebral disc.When intervertebral disc degeneration occurs,a large amount of pro-inflammatory factors,collagenase,and oxidative stress reactions occur in the intervertebral disc,which increases the breakdown of collagen in the intervertebral disc.At the same time,it inhibits the generation of growth factors,collagen synthase,and collagen synthesis-related factors,resulting in a decrease in collagen synthesis in the intervertebral disc.The combined effect of the above two conditions disrupts the balance of collagen metabolism in the intervertebral disc,further exacerbating the process of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupoint injection on glycometabolism in patients with Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Eighty patients who were newly diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)in our hospital were randomly allocated into two groups:a control group and a treatment group,with 40 cases in each group.The two groups were treated with dietary exercise lifestyle and dietary exercise lifestyle+acupoint injection intervention for 3 months,respectively.The basal disposition index(DI0),early-phase disposition index(DI30),and total disposition index(DI120)represented β-cell function at fasting,early phase,and 120 minutes during the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and the M value obtained from the high insulin-euglycemic clamp(HEC)test indicated insulin sensitivity.The changes in anthropometric indicators[waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),body mass index(BMI)],blood glucose and insulin levels[fasting blood glucose(Glu0),2 h post-OGTT blood glucose(Glu120),fasting insulin(Ins0),2 h post-OGTT insulin(Ins120),and glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)],sex hormones[free testosterone index(FAI),luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone(LH/FSH)],pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity,oxidative stress[malondialdehyde(MDA),Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(Cu/Zn SOD),glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1)],and inflammation[interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)]were compared before and after treatment,and safety observations were conducted.Results The baseline levels of the two groups were consistent(P>0.05);after treatment,the Glu0,Ins0,HOMA-IR,MDA,IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly reduced compared to those observed in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while DI0,DI120,M value,Cu/Zn SOD,and GPX1 were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,there were no statistically significant differences in anthropometric indicators,sex hormones,and other glucose metabolism indicators(P>0.05),and the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Acupoint injection can alleviate glycometabolism in patients with PCOS of kidney deficiency and blood stasis to a certain extent,improve systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory status,and provide a possible external treatment method in traditional Chinese medicine for these patients.

Objective:To systematically compares the medial plantar venous flap (MPVF) and the lateral toe flap (LTF) reconstruction of digit-pulp defect, aiming to establish whether there exist significant differences between the 2 flaps in flap survival rate, two-point discrimination (TPD), score of Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and score of digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation.Methods:With a prospective cohort design, this study enrolled 36 patients who were admitted in Department of Hand Surgery, Longgang Eighth People's Hospital of Shenzhen for digit-pulp defects with bone or tendon exposure between January 2024 and September 2024. According to the random grouping method, participants were divided into 2 groups. The MPVF group comprised 18 patients (21 digits) of 13 males (15 digits) and 5 females (6 digits), aged 13-58 (mean 44±12) years. The MPVF group included 9 left and 12 right digits, with distribution as follows: 2 thumbs, 5 index fingers, 7 middle fingers, 5 ring fingers and 2 little fingers. The soft tissue defect area ranged from 2.0 cm × 1.0 cm to 9.2 cm × 3.3 cm (mean 6.69 cm 2± 6.69 cm 2). Flap dimensions ranged from 2.1 cm×1.1 cm to 9.5 cm×3.5 cm (mean 7.54 cm 2±7.22 cm 2). Donor sites were closed primarily or by full-thickness skin grafts harvested from the leg. The LTF group included 18 patients (21 digits) of 15 males (17 digits) and 3 females (4 digits), aged 22-62 (mean 41±12) years. The affected digits in LTF group comprised 12 left and 9 right digits, with a distribution of: 3 thumbs, 9 index fingers, 5 middle fingers, 2 ring fingers and 2 little fingers. The area of soft tissue defect ranges from 1.4 cm × 1.0 cm to 3.9 cm × 1.8 cm (mean 3.93 cm 2± 1.80 cm 2). Flap dimensions ranged from 1.5 cm×1.2 cm to 4.0 cm×1.9 cm (mean 4.52 cm 2±1.89 cm 2). Donor sites were closed primarily, or by full-thickness skin grafts harvested through extension of proximal wound extension or from calf for defect coverage. Patients were contacted for postoperative follow-up by telephone or WeChat to arrange a visit of outpatient clinic or a home visit by surgeon. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the 2 groups regarding: gender, age and flap dimensions, flap survival rate at 2 weeks after surgery and TPD of flaps, VSS scores, and digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation scale scores at 4 months and 6 months postoperatively. P<0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Results:The comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between 2 groups in baseline characteristics: gender distribution ( χ2=0.53, P=0.47), mean age ( t=0.75, P=0.46), flap dimensions ( t=1.86, P=0.08), confirming a demographic and surgical parameter equivalence in subsequent outcome comparisons ( P>0.05). All flaps survived at 2 weeks after surgery. All skin grafts at donor sites demonstrated complete viability with uneventful primary wound healing. At 4 months after surgey, the TPD in the MPVF group were 14.71 mm±1.90 mm and 7.81 mm±1.78 mm, respectively, compared to 14.48 mm±1.57 mm and 7.67 mm±1.39 mm in the LTF group at 6 months after surgery. The VSS scores were 1.67±1.11 and 1.29±0.72 for MPVF versus 1.86±1.15 and 1.38±0.81 for LTF at corresponding time points. The digit-pulp defects reconstruction evaluation scale scores showed 88.43±2.62 and 91.43±3.59 for MPVF versus 88.19±2.70 and 91.19±3.50 for LTF. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences (all P>0.05) at 2 postoperative time points. Conclusion:The MPVF demonstrated non-inferior clinical efficacy to the LTF in reconstruction of digit-pulp defects, with comparable outcomes in flap survival rate at 2 weeks, and in TPD, VSS scores, digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation scale scores at 4 months and at 6 month after surgey.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupoint injection on glycometabolism in patients with Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Eighty patients who were newly diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)in our hospital were randomly allocated into two groups:a control group and a treatment group,with 40 cases in each group.The two groups were treated with dietary exercise lifestyle and dietary exercise lifestyle+acupoint injection intervention for 3 months,respectively.The basal disposition index(DI0),early-phase disposition index(DI30),and total disposition index(DI120)represented β-cell function at fasting,early phase,and 120 minutes during the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and the M value obtained from the high insulin-euglycemic clamp(HEC)test indicated insulin sensitivity.The changes in anthropometric indicators[waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),body mass index(BMI)],blood glucose and insulin levels[fasting blood glucose(Glu0),2 h post-OGTT blood glucose(Glu120),fasting insulin(Ins0),2 h post-OGTT insulin(Ins120),and glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)],sex hormones[free testosterone index(FAI),luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone(LH/FSH)],pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity,oxidative stress[malondialdehyde(MDA),Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(Cu/Zn SOD),glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1)],and inflammation[interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)]were compared before and after treatment,and safety observations were conducted.Results The baseline levels of the two groups were consistent(P>0.05);after treatment,the Glu0,Ins0,HOMA-IR,MDA,IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly reduced compared to those observed in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while DI0,DI120,M value,Cu/Zn SOD,and GPX1 were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,there were no statistically significant differences in anthropometric indicators,sex hormones,and other glucose metabolism indicators(P>0.05),and the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Acupoint injection can alleviate glycometabolism in patients with PCOS of kidney deficiency and blood stasis to a certain extent,improve systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory status,and provide a possible external treatment method in traditional Chinese medicine for these patients.

BACKGROUND:Lumbar disc degeneration is a common disease that causes lower back pain and lower limb neurological symptoms.The balance of collagen metabolism plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral discs.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in the imbalance of collagen metabolism in intervertebral disc degeneration.METHODS:The first author searched for relevant literature published before May 2024 in CNKI,PubMed and Web of Science databases.Search terms were"degenerative disc disease,""collagen metabolism,""collagenase family,""collagen synthesis related factors,"and"collagen breakdown related factors"in Chinese and English.Seventy-six articles were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the process of intervertebral disc degeneration,the balance of collagen metabolism plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the normal intervertebral disc.When intervertebral disc degeneration occurs,a large amount of pro-inflammatory factors,collagenase,and oxidative stress reactions occur in the intervertebral disc,which increases the breakdown of collagen in the intervertebral disc.At the same time,it inhibits the generation of growth factors,collagen synthase,and collagen synthesis-related factors,resulting in a decrease in collagen synthesis in the intervertebral disc.The combined effect of the above two conditions disrupts the balance of collagen metabolism in the intervertebral disc,further exacerbating the process of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective:To systematically compares the medial plantar venous flap (MPVF) and the lateral toe flap (LTF) reconstruction of digit-pulp defect, aiming to establish whether there exist significant differences between the 2 flaps in flap survival rate, two-point discrimination (TPD), score of Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and score of digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation.Methods:With a prospective cohort design, this study enrolled 36 patients who were admitted in Department of Hand Surgery, Longgang Eighth People's Hospital of Shenzhen for digit-pulp defects with bone or tendon exposure between January 2024 and September 2024. According to the random grouping method, participants were divided into 2 groups. The MPVF group comprised 18 patients (21 digits) of 13 males (15 digits) and 5 females (6 digits), aged 13-58 (mean 44±12) years. The MPVF group included 9 left and 12 right digits, with distribution as follows: 2 thumbs, 5 index fingers, 7 middle fingers, 5 ring fingers and 2 little fingers. The soft tissue defect area ranged from 2.0 cm × 1.0 cm to 9.2 cm × 3.3 cm (mean 6.69 cm 2± 6.69 cm 2). Flap dimensions ranged from 2.1 cm×1.1 cm to 9.5 cm×3.5 cm (mean 7.54 cm 2±7.22 cm 2). Donor sites were closed primarily or by full-thickness skin grafts harvested from the leg. The LTF group included 18 patients (21 digits) of 15 males (17 digits) and 3 females (4 digits), aged 22-62 (mean 41±12) years. The affected digits in LTF group comprised 12 left and 9 right digits, with a distribution of: 3 thumbs, 9 index fingers, 5 middle fingers, 2 ring fingers and 2 little fingers. The area of soft tissue defect ranges from 1.4 cm × 1.0 cm to 3.9 cm × 1.8 cm (mean 3.93 cm 2± 1.80 cm 2). Flap dimensions ranged from 1.5 cm×1.2 cm to 4.0 cm×1.9 cm (mean 4.52 cm 2±1.89 cm 2). Donor sites were closed primarily, or by full-thickness skin grafts harvested through extension of proximal wound extension or from calf for defect coverage. Patients were contacted for postoperative follow-up by telephone or WeChat to arrange a visit of outpatient clinic or a home visit by surgeon. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the 2 groups regarding: gender, age and flap dimensions, flap survival rate at 2 weeks after surgery and TPD of flaps, VSS scores, and digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation scale scores at 4 months and 6 months postoperatively. P<0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Results:The comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between 2 groups in baseline characteristics: gender distribution ( χ2=0.53, P=0.47), mean age ( t=0.75, P=0.46), flap dimensions ( t=1.86, P=0.08), confirming a demographic and surgical parameter equivalence in subsequent outcome comparisons ( P>0.05). All flaps survived at 2 weeks after surgery. All skin grafts at donor sites demonstrated complete viability with uneventful primary wound healing. At 4 months after surgey, the TPD in the MPVF group were 14.71 mm±1.90 mm and 7.81 mm±1.78 mm, respectively, compared to 14.48 mm±1.57 mm and 7.67 mm±1.39 mm in the LTF group at 6 months after surgery. The VSS scores were 1.67±1.11 and 1.29±0.72 for MPVF versus 1.86±1.15 and 1.38±0.81 for LTF at corresponding time points. The digit-pulp defects reconstruction evaluation scale scores showed 88.43±2.62 and 91.43±3.59 for MPVF versus 88.19±2.70 and 91.19±3.50 for LTF. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences (all P>0.05) at 2 postoperative time points. Conclusion:The MPVF demonstrated non-inferior clinical efficacy to the LTF in reconstruction of digit-pulp defects, with comparable outcomes in flap survival rate at 2 weeks, and in TPD, VSS scores, digit-pulp defect reconstruction evaluation scale scores at 4 months and at 6 month after surgey.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Schroth PSSE combined with 3D printing braces in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Method Forty patients were included and divided into a support group(3D printing support group)and a support+exercise therapy group(3D printing support+Schroth PSSE group).Excluding outliers and lost follow-up data,32 patients were ultimately included,with 16 patients in each group.Wearing time≥18 h for both groups of 3D printing supports.The intervention period of Schroth PSSE is 12 weeks,and exercise is maintained after 12 weeks until the end of follow-up.The longest follow-up time for the brace group was 25 months,with an average follow-up time of(15.00±1.29)months.The longest follow-up time for the brace+exercise therapy group was 24 months,with an average follow-up time of(16.59±1.01)months.Relevant indicators were evaluated after follow-up.Results The support and exercise therapy group showed better improvement in Cobb angle and trunk rotation angle(ATR)than the support group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);The distance between the midpoint of the C7 vertebral body and the midline of the sacrum(C7-CSVL)in the support and exercise therapy group showed a statistically significant difference before and after treatment(P<0.05),while there was a significant difference before and after Apical Vertebral Translation(AVT)treatment(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference compared to the support group(P<0.05);In terms of SRS-22 score,the brace+exercise therapy group can comprehensively improve the SRS-22 score.Conclusion The combination of Schroth PSSE and 3D printing braces has a better effect on improving Cobb angle and torso rotation angle,improving coronary imbalance,increasing patient satisfaction,and improving quality of life compared to using 3D printing braces alone.

The healthy development of science and technology (Sci. & Tech) innovation is inseparable from Sci. & Tech ethics. The innovation subject is the driving force of Sci. & Tech innovation. The improvement of Sci. & Tech ethical management ability is conducive to improving the China’s Sci. & Tech ethics governance system. Therefore, this paper deeply analyzed the current status of Sci. & Tech ethics management of the 76 innovation subjects from five aspects, and found that the construction of Sci. & Tech ethics management of Chinese innovation subjects has achieved initial results, but there was still room for further improvement. Based on the problems existing in the Sci. & Tech ethics management of innovation subjects, this paper proposed six strategic suggestions that strengthening the construction and research of artificial intelligence ethics management systems, establishing and improving ethics committees and management systems, actively implementing the registration of Sci. & Tech ethics management information, regularly organizing and participating in various forms of Sci. & Tech ethics training, attaching importance to the reserve and cultivation of composite Sci. & Tech ethics management talents, and cooperating to establish a Sci. & Tech ethics case library, with a view to enhancing the Sci. & Tech ethics management ability of Chinese innovation subjects to adapt to the needs of the healthy development of Sci. & Tech in China.