Objective: To explore the correlation between allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during the perioperative period. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort of 1,170 patients undergoing isolated CABG was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to explore the nonlinear association between perioperative RBC transfusion (from intraoperative period to 72 hours postoperatively) and HAIs. Results: Among the 1,170 CABG patients, 109 patients (9.2%) received RBC transfusion during the operation or within 3 days after the operation. The risk of HAIs in those who received ≥4 units of RBCs during and within 3 days after the operation was 6.89 times higher than that in the non-transfusion group (95% CI: 3.65-17.20). Furthermore, there was a nonlinear threshold effect between the blood transfusion volume and postoperative HAIs (inflection point: 7.8 units). When the transfusion volume was ≤7.8 units, the risk of HAIs increased by 61% for each additional unit transfused (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.15). Beyond this threshold, no statistically significant association was observed (P=0.289). Conclusion: Perioperative RBC transfusion in CABG patients is associated with an increased incidence of HAIs. The perioperative blood transfusion volume has a curvilinear relationship with the risk of postoperative HAIs. When the blood transfusion volume is ≤7.8 units, the blood transfusion volume has a dose-dependent relationship with postoperative infection, with higher blood transfusion volumes correlating with greater postoperative infection risk. When the blood transfusion volume is >7.8 units, the relationship between the two is not statistically significant. The preventive effect of reducing RBC transfusion on HAIs requires further validation in the future.

Objective:To explore the relationship between stereotyped repetitive behaviors and auditory event-related potential(ERP) components P50, N1, P2, N2, and P3 in children with Asperger syndrome(AS).Methods:Forty children with AS and twenty age- and gender-matched healthy children were selected as the AS group and the control group, respectively. Auditory ERP components P50, N1, P2, N2, and P3 were measured in both groups. The AS group were evaluated by the childhood Asperger syndrome test (CAST), autism spectrum screening questionnaire, mandarin Chinese version(CH-ASSQ), and aberrant behavior checklist (ABC).The SPSS 24.0 software was used to perform independent sample t-test on the differences in ERP components between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the scores of stereotyped repetitive behaviors and the amplitude and latency of ERP components. Results:The P50 amplitude ratio (S2/S1) in the AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group((89.6±49.5)% vs (58.3±28.9)%, t=2.950, P=0.005). The latencies of N1 ((111.0±19.7) ms vs (90.9±22.0) ms, t=3.515, P<0.001), P2 ((167.5±21.5) ms vs (142.2±27.2) ms, t=3.841, P<0.001), N2 ((220.0±20.5) ms vs (192.1±26.9) ms, t=4.364, P<0.001), P3a ((297.5±21.9) ms vs (270.3±29.4) ms, t=3.931, P<0.001), and P3b ((376.9±19.4) ms vs (350.6±26.8) ms, t=3.865, P<0.001) in the AS group were all longer than those in the control group. After controlling for comorbidities such as ADHD, age, and Wechsler intelligence quotient for children, the total score of stereotyped behaviors of the ABC showed positive partial correlations with the S1 amplitude( r=0.478), S1 latency( r=0.667), and S2 latency( r=0.510) of P50, as well as the latencies of P3a( r=0.428) and P3b( r=0.470)(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and N2 latency were the influencing factors of the total score of restricted and repetitive behaviors ( β=0.500, 0.520, both P<0.05), and S1-P50 amplitude and N2 latency were the influencing factors of the total score of stereotyped behaviors ( β=0.609, 0.518, both P<0.05). Conclusion:Restricted and repetitive behaviors are not in a simple linear relationship with ERP components. Stereotyped behaviors may be associated with decreased stimulus sensitivity and impaired higher-order cognitive functions. The N2 latency may be a potential biomarker for predicting stereotyped repetitive behaviors.

Objective:To explore the relationship between stereotyped repetitive behaviors and auditory event-related potential(ERP) components P50, N1, P2, N2, and P3 in children with Asperger syndrome(AS).Methods:Forty children with AS and twenty age- and gender-matched healthy children were selected as the AS group and the control group, respectively. Auditory ERP components P50, N1, P2, N2, and P3 were measured in both groups. The AS group were evaluated by the childhood Asperger syndrome test (CAST), autism spectrum screening questionnaire, mandarin Chinese version(CH-ASSQ), and aberrant behavior checklist (ABC).The SPSS 24.0 software was used to perform independent sample t-test on the differences in ERP components between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the scores of stereotyped repetitive behaviors and the amplitude and latency of ERP components. Results:The P50 amplitude ratio (S2/S1) in the AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group((89.6±49.5)% vs (58.3±28.9)%, t=2.950, P=0.005). The latencies of N1 ((111.0±19.7) ms vs (90.9±22.0) ms, t=3.515, P<0.001), P2 ((167.5±21.5) ms vs (142.2±27.2) ms, t=3.841, P<0.001), N2 ((220.0±20.5) ms vs (192.1±26.9) ms, t=4.364, P<0.001), P3a ((297.5±21.9) ms vs (270.3±29.4) ms, t=3.931, P<0.001), and P3b ((376.9±19.4) ms vs (350.6±26.8) ms, t=3.865, P<0.001) in the AS group were all longer than those in the control group. After controlling for comorbidities such as ADHD, age, and Wechsler intelligence quotient for children, the total score of stereotyped behaviors of the ABC showed positive partial correlations with the S1 amplitude( r=0.478), S1 latency( r=0.667), and S2 latency( r=0.510) of P50, as well as the latencies of P3a( r=0.428) and P3b( r=0.470)(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and N2 latency were the influencing factors of the total score of restricted and repetitive behaviors ( β=0.500, 0.520, both P<0.05), and S1-P50 amplitude and N2 latency were the influencing factors of the total score of stereotyped behaviors ( β=0.609, 0.518, both P<0.05). Conclusion:Restricted and repetitive behaviors are not in a simple linear relationship with ERP components. Stereotyped behaviors may be associated with decreased stimulus sensitivity and impaired higher-order cognitive functions. The N2 latency may be a potential biomarker for predicting stereotyped repetitive behaviors.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qiwei Zhigan prescription on two classic animal models of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Methods Methionine-choline-deficient(MCD)rat model and choline-deficient,L-amino acid-defined,high-fat and high cholesterol diet(CDAHFHC)mouse model were used.48 rats and 96 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:control group,model group,Qiwei Zhigan prescription group(low,medium and high dose group),positive drug group.After 2 weeks of modeling,the drugs were administrated continuously for 28 days.The efficacy of Qiwei Zhigan prescription in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis was evaluated by detecting the serum liver function,blood lipid biochemical index and liver tissue lipid levels of each group of animals,as well as by evaluating the liver histopathological changes.Results The gross anatomical morphology of the liver was improved by Qiwei Zhigan after oral administration of clinical equivalent dose or higher doses in two experimental animal models.The liver weight and liver index of NASH mice were reduced by the prescription.The levels of ALT,ALP and LDH in serum of NASH rats were decreased,and the level of HDL was increased.The levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,ALP,LDH and TG in serum of NASH mice were decreased,and the content of TG in liver was also decreased.The pathological damage of liver tissue was ameliorated,the inflammation of liver tissue was reduced,as well as the degree of ballooning of liver cells and the NAS score of the liver,and there was a certain dose-effect relationship between the groups;the proliferation of collagen fibers in the hepatic lobules and around the portal area of NASH mice was significantly reduced;the density of positive cells labeled by F4/80 was decreased,and the activation of Kupffer cells was alleviated.Conclusion Qiwei Zhigan prescription could effectively ameliorate the progression of two classic NASH models,and decrease the development trend from liver inflammation to liver fibrosis in NASH.

The BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B(BUB1B)maintains a high fidelity of mitotic chromosome segregation by preventing the initiation of anaphase without the attachment of one or more kinetochore to the spindle,and plays a major role in both signal transduction and the stable attachment of kinetochore to micro-tubules.The dysregulated expression of BUB1B may affect the occurrence of mitosis-induced aneuploidy,chromo-some instability and abnormal cell biological function,leading to cell malignant transformation.This review summa-rizes the role of BUB1B in the occurrence and development of gynecological malignant tumors.

Objective To explore the effect of jogging on the patients with depression disorder of liver-stagnation and spleen-deficiency.Methods 100 patients with liver-stagnation and spleen-deficiency depression disorder were randomly selected from Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province from March to September 2022.They were divided into observation group and control group(50 cases each)by random number table method.The control group received conventional antidepressant drug treatment,and the observation group was given jogging exercise regimen on the basis of the control group:exercise at least 4 times a week,30-60 min each time,and the heart rate was maintained at 110-120 times/min for 4 weeks.The depressive disorder of the patients was assessed by Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17).Results After jogging exercise intervention,the total effective rate of the observation group was 94%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group 80%(P<0.05).HAMD-17 score was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group after intervention(F=12.575,P<0.05).The scores of cognitive impairment,block and sleep disturbance in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after intervention(F=12.575,P<0.05).The body weight factor scores of the observation group and the control group were significantly higher after intervention than before intervention(P>0.05).Conclusions Jogging exercise intervention therapy can significantly improve the depression of patients with liver-qi and spleen-deficiency depression disorder,and jogging can be an effective method to prevent and treat depression disorder.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of Sidaxue, a traditional Miao herbal medicine formula, on articular bone and cartilage destruction and synovial neovascularization in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods In a SD rat model of CIA, we tested the effects of daily gavage of Sidaxue at low, moderate and high doses (10, 20, and 40 g/kg, respectively) for 21 days, with Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) as the positive control, on swelling in the hind limb plantar regions by arthritis index scoring. Pathologies in joint synovial membrane of the rats were observed with HE staining, and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were detected with ELISA. The expressions of NF-κB p65, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP2 and MMP9 at the mRNA and protein levels in the synovial tissues were detected using real-time PCR and Western blotting. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to identify the important target proteins in the pathways correlated with the therapeutic effects of topical Sidaxue treatment for RA, and the core target proteins were screened by topological analysis. Results Treatment with GTW and Sidaxue at the 3 doses all significantly alleviated plantar swelling, lowered arthritis index scores, improved cartilage and bone damage and reduced neovascularization in CIA rats (P<0.05), and the effects of Sidaxue showed a dose dependence. Both GTW and Sidaxue treatments significantly lowered TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB p65, MMP1, MMP2, and MMP9 mRNA and protein expressions in the synovial tissues of CIA rats (P<0.05). Network pharmacological analysis identified MMPs as the core proteins associated with topical Sidaxue treatment of RA. Conclusion Sidaxue alleviates articular bone and cartilage damages and reduces synovial neovascularization in CIA rats possibly by downregulating MMPs via the TNF-α/IL-1β/NF-κB-MMP1, 2, 9 signaling pathway, and MMPs probably plays a key role in mediating the effect of Sidaxue though the therapeutic pathways other than oral administration.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of Sidaxue, a traditional Miao herbal medicine formula, on articular bone and cartilage destruction and synovial neovascularization in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods In a SD rat model of CIA, we tested the effects of daily gavage of Sidaxue at low, moderate and high doses (10, 20, and 40 g/kg, respectively) for 21 days, with Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) as the positive control, on swelling in the hind limb plantar regions by arthritis index scoring. Pathologies in joint synovial membrane of the rats were observed with HE staining, and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were detected with ELISA. The expressions of NF-κB p65, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP2 and MMP9 at the mRNA and protein levels in the synovial tissues were detected using real-time PCR and Western blotting. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to identify the important target proteins in the pathways correlated with the therapeutic effects of topical Sidaxue treatment for RA, and the core target proteins were screened by topological analysis. Results Treatment with GTW and Sidaxue at the 3 doses all significantly alleviated plantar swelling, lowered arthritis index scores, improved cartilage and bone damage and reduced neovascularization in CIA rats (P<0.05), and the effects of Sidaxue showed a dose dependence. Both GTW and Sidaxue treatments significantly lowered TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB p65, MMP1, MMP2, and MMP9 mRNA and protein expressions in the synovial tissues of CIA rats (P<0.05). Network pharmacological analysis identified MMPs as the core proteins associated with topical Sidaxue treatment of RA. Conclusion Sidaxue alleviates articular bone and cartilage damages and reduces synovial neovascularization in CIA rats possibly by downregulating MMPs via the TNF-α/IL-1β/NF-κB-MMP1, 2, 9 signaling pathway, and MMPs probably plays a key role in mediating the effect of Sidaxue though the therapeutic pathways other than oral administration.

Objective:To investigate the relationship among mental health,maternal negative emotion and mother-child attachment in preschoolers.Methods:A total of 591 mothers of preschoolers from 8 kindergartens were selected.The Preschoolers Mental Health Scale(PMHS)was used to evaluate mental health of the preschool-ers,the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)were used to evaluate maternal negative emotions,and Maternal Object Relationship Scale-Short Form(MORS)was used to evaluate mother-child attachment.Results:The scores of SDS and SAS were positively correlated with the total scoresand scores of each dimension of PMHS(r=0.69-0.93,Ps＜0.001).The maternal SDS and SAS scores were positively associated with total PMHS scores(β=0.38,0.52).The products of maternal SAS scores and MORS scores were negatively associated with the total PMHS scores(β=-0.12).Conclusion:Preschoolers mental health is closely related to a maternal negative emotion and mother-child attachment.

Objective:To explore the correlation between frailty and foot care behavior in elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot.Methods:From January to June 2022, 220 patients with high-risk diabetic foot who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Department of Geriatrics of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected by convenience sampling as the research object. The patients were investigated with the General Information Questionnaire, Gavin's Weighted Scale for Diabetic Foot Risk Factors for Progression to Ulceration, the Chinese version of the Frail Scale and the Foot Care Behavior Questionnaire for Diabetic Patients. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between frailty and foot care behavior in elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of foot care behavior in elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot. A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed, and 210 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 95.45% (210/220) .Results:The standardized score of the Foot Care Behavior Questionnaire for Diabetic Patients among 210 elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot was (56.65±11.27), which was in the middle to low level. Among them, 126 patients (60.00%) were at a low level, and 80 patients (38.10%) were at a middle level. The incidence of frailty in 210 elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot was 27.14% (57/210). The results of correlation analysis showed that the frailty score of elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot were negatively correlated with the scores of the foot and footwear examination, foot cleaning and maintenance, footwear selection, and the total score of Foot Care Behavior Questionnaire for Diabetic Patients ( P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, frailty, foot risk classification and living conditions were the influencing factors of foot care behavior in elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The foot care behavior of elderly patients with high-risk diabetic foot needs to be improved. The higher the degree of frailty, the lower the level of foot care behavior. Medical and nursing staff should formulate targeted intervention measures according to the characteristics of patients to improve or delay the progression of patients' frailty, thereby improving their foot care behavior and preventing the occurrence of diabetic foot.