Liumotang comes from the Yuan dynasty's Effective Prescription Handed Down for Generations of Physicians. It is composed of six medicinal materials： Arecae Semen， Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum， Aucklandiae Radix， Linderae Radix， Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， and Aurantii Fructus. It is a classical formula for treating abdominal pain due to Qi stagnation and constipation accompanied by heat. This study systematically collated the records of Liumotang in ancient medical books and modern clinical literature and conducted in-depth analysis and textual research on its formula source， main diseases， composition， dosage， medical books， container capacity， processing， preparation method， usage， drug basis， formula meaning， and other key information， so as to provide a powerful reference for the development and clinical application of compound preparations of the classical formula Liumotang. The results show that Liumotang was first seen in Effective Prescription Handed Down for Generations of Physicians， and many medical books of the past dynasties have imitated this. In terms of drug basis， the dried and mature seeds of the palm plant Areca catechu， resin-containing wood of the Daphneaceae plant Aquilaria sinensis， the dried roots of the Asteraceae plant woody Aucklandia lappa， the dried tuber root of the Lauraceae plant Lindera aggregata， the dried roots and rhizomes of the knotweed plant， R. palmatum， R.tangutikum， and R. officinale， and the dried and unripe fruits of the citrus genus C. aurantium and its cultivated varieties from the family Rutaceae were selected. In terms of dosage， through the textual research on bowls in the Ming and Qing dynasties， combined with the conversion of medicines and bowl capacity in the Qing dynasty， it was estimated that the dosage of each drug in the Yuan dynasty was 10.86 g. In the Ming and Qing dynasties， the dosage of drugs was mostly equal， but the dosage of drugs was somewhat different. In terms of processing， preparation method， and usage， in the medical books of the past dynasties， the processing of drugs has slightly changed， but raw drugs are used in all preparations. The preparation method and usage did not change much during the Yuan， Ming， and Qing dynasties， except for certain differences in dosage. In terms of syndrome， Liumotang was first used to treat abdominal pain due to Qi stagnation and constipation accompanied by heat. Medical books of the past dynasties often omit the symptoms of heat. In modern clinical practice， Liumotang is mainly used in the digestive system and urinary system diseases and is mostly used to treat constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome， biliary reflux gastritis， functional constipation， slow transit constipation， and other diseases， with no adverse reactions found yet. The above results provide a reliable scientific basis for the development and clinical treatment of Liumotang compound preparations.

Objective:To establish the predictive model for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) following endovascular repair in elderly patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA).Methods:The clinical data and postoperative MACE were retrospectively collected from elderly patients with AAA who underwent their first endovascular aneurysm repair(EVAR)in Beijing Hospital and Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital between January 2016 and December 2023.Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7∶3.Predictive models were using logistic regression, LASSO regression, random forest, linear discriminant analysis, na?ve Bayes, k-nearest neighbor algorithm, support vector machine, decision tree, and AdaBoost.Models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results:A total of 171 elderly AAA patients were enrolled, aged 60 to 94 years(mean 73.0 ± 7.5 years), of whom 145 were male.MACE occurred after EVAR in 30 patients(17.5%). LASSO regression identified monocyte count, history of coronary artery disease, the ratio of maximum AAA diameter to body mass index(DBR), neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio(NLR), and age as significant predictors, yielding an area under the ROC curve(AUC)of 0.816.Logistic regression achieved an AUC of 0.813 in the training cohort and 0.772 in the validation cohort.Among all models, AdaBoost demonstrated the best performance, with an AUC of 0.92 in the validation cohort.Conclusions:Age, monocyte count, DBR, NLR and creatinine could predict the occurrence of MACE after EVAR in AAA patients.The AdaBoost model provides the most accurate prediction of postoperative MACE.

Objective:To identify risk factors influencing the incidence of hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens) and establish an effective and easily implementable hypertension prediction model.Methods:In September 2023, 2214 steelworkers (Homo sapiens) were selected as study subjects. Basic demographic information, lifestyle, and occupational exposure data were collected, along with physiological measurements such as height, weight, and blood pressure. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was employed based on relevant literature to determine influencing factors for hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens). Python 3.9 software was used to construct and compare logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), random forest, extreme gradient boosting tree (XGBoost), and LGBM models. Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, accuracy, calibration curves, and F1 scores. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) model was introduced for feature importance analysis to enhance the interpretability of the prediction model.Results:A total of 432 cases of hypertension were detected among 2214 study subjects, with a detection rate of 19.51%. Age, smoking status, salt intake, use of cooling equipment, carbon monoxide exposure, family history of hypertension, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and hemoglobin were identified as independent risk factors for hypertension ( P<0.05). A comparison of the five models revealed the following performance metrics: logistic regression achieved an accuracy of 0.853, F1 score of 0.680, Brier score of 0.108, and AUC of 0.907; SVM demonstrated an accuracy of 0.863, F1 score of 0.687, Brier score of 0.081, and AUC of 0.910; random forest showed an accuracy of 0.857, F1 score of 0.603, Brier score of 0.105, and AUC of 0.861; XGBoost yielded an accuracy of 0.850, F1 score of 0.684, Brier score of 0.117, and AUC of 0.899; and the LGBM model exhibited an accuracy of 0.838, F1 score of 0.625, Brier score of 0.112, and AUC of 0.870. Conclusion:The SVM model demonstrated strong predictive performance, effectively assessing the risk of hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens) and facilitating targeted health management interventions.

Objective:To summarize the surgical strategies and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of up-per urinary tract reconstruction in patients with stone-related ureteral strictures.Methods:This retro-spective study included 71 patients diagnosed with ureteral strictures secondary to urinary stones who un-derwent upper urinary tract reconstructive surgery at Peking University First Hospital between March 2014 and November 2023.Patient data were collected,including demographic characteristics,clinical presen-tation,laboratory results,imaging findings,surgical procedures,and follow-up outcomes.Ureteral stric-tures were classified according to anatomical location into upper,middle,lower,or multiple segments.Surgical procedures were carried out depending on the stricture characteristics.Surgical success was de-fined as resolution or improvement of clinical symptoms,radiographic improvement or stabilization of hy-dronephrosis,and maintenance of normal and stable renal function.Results:Among the 71 patients,36(50.7％)had strictures in the upper ureter,9(12.7％)in the middle ureter,15(21.1％)in the lower ureter,and 11(15.5％)had multifocal ureteral strictures.The median stricture length was 5.0 cm(interquartile range:3.0-15.0 cm).Surgical approach selection was individualized based on the location and extent of the stricture.For upper ureteral strictures,the most frequently employed techniques were oral mucosal graft ureteroplasty(13/36,36.1％)and appendiceal flap ureteroplasty(8/36,22.2％).Other options included ureteroureterostomy and ileal ureter replacement for longer or more complex strictures.In middle ureteral strictures,treatment was stratified by length:balloon dilation(1/9,11.1％)and ureteroureterostomy(1/9,11.1％)were applied in shorter strictures,while oral mucosal graft ureteroplasty(3/9,33.3％)and ileal ureter replacement(4/9,44.4％)were reserved for longer segments.For lower ureteral strictures,ureteral reimplantation into the bladder was the most common approach(10/15,66.7％),often combined with a psoas hitch or Boari flap when necessary.All the patients with multiple segmental strictures underwent ileal ureter replacement due to the extensive nature of the disease.The median follow-up period was 14.2 months(range:6.1-107.1 months).During follow-up,69 of 71 patients(97.2％)achieved surgical success.Conclusion:Stone-related ure-teral strictures present with considerable heterogeneity in terms of anatomical location,length,and com-plexity.Careful preoperative evaluation and individualized surgical planning are critical to successful re-construction.With appropriate selection of surgical methods,favorable long-term clinical outcomes can be achieved in the majority of patients.

Objective:To identify risk factors influencing the incidence of hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens) and establish an effective and easily implementable hypertension prediction model.Methods:In September 2023, 2214 steelworkers (Homo sapiens) were selected as study subjects. Basic demographic information, lifestyle, and occupational exposure data were collected, along with physiological measurements such as height, weight, and blood pressure. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was employed based on relevant literature to determine influencing factors for hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens). Python 3.9 software was used to construct and compare logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), random forest, extreme gradient boosting tree (XGBoost), and LGBM models. Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, accuracy, calibration curves, and F1 scores. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) model was introduced for feature importance analysis to enhance the interpretability of the prediction model.Results:A total of 432 cases of hypertension were detected among 2214 study subjects, with a detection rate of 19.51%. Age, smoking status, salt intake, use of cooling equipment, carbon monoxide exposure, family history of hypertension, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and hemoglobin were identified as independent risk factors for hypertension ( P<0.05). A comparison of the five models revealed the following performance metrics: logistic regression achieved an accuracy of 0.853, F1 score of 0.680, Brier score of 0.108, and AUC of 0.907; SVM demonstrated an accuracy of 0.863, F1 score of 0.687, Brier score of 0.081, and AUC of 0.910; random forest showed an accuracy of 0.857, F1 score of 0.603, Brier score of 0.105, and AUC of 0.861; XGBoost yielded an accuracy of 0.850, F1 score of 0.684, Brier score of 0.117, and AUC of 0.899; and the LGBM model exhibited an accuracy of 0.838, F1 score of 0.625, Brier score of 0.112, and AUC of 0.870. Conclusion:The SVM model demonstrated strong predictive performance, effectively assessing the risk of hypertension among steelworkers (Homo sapiens) and facilitating targeted health management interventions.

'Injury but not disability, disability but not useless’ is the guiding principle behind the establishment of plastic and reconstructive surgery, making it a unique specialty in modern medicine. Its development relies not only on the optimized use of donor resources but also on technological advancements and innovations in concepts. However, in the face of severe tissue damage caused by burns, trauma, and congenital deformities, traditional repair method often fall short, necessitating more effective solutions. Against this backdrop, progress in donor sourcing and interdisciplinary innovation will inject new vitality into reconstructive surgery. In this context, we take facial transplantation reconstruction as a starting point, reviewing and organizing the technological development, issues, and challenges of autologous and allogeneic facial transplantation reconstruction from the perspective of donors. This exploration aims to shed light on the future direction of this field and gain a deeper understanding of the present and future of donor-driven reconstructive surgery.

Lacking therapeutic targets highlights the crucial roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To relieve the side effects of the chemoradiotherapy combination regimen, we design and develop a self-assembled micelle nanosystem consisting of perfluorocarbon chain-modified cisplatin prodrug. By incorporating perfluorodecalin, this nanosystem can effectively carry ozone and promote irradiation-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. By leveraging the perfluorocarbon sidechain, the nanosystem exhibits efficient internalization by TNBC cells and effectively escapes from lysosomal entrapment. Under X-ray irradiation, ozone-generated ROS disrupts the intracellular redox balance, thereby facilitating the release of cisplatin in a reduction-responsive manner mediated by reduced glutathione. Moreover, oxygen derived from ozone decomposition enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy by alleviating tumor hypoxia. Notably, the combination of irradiation with ozone-loaded cisplatin prodrug nano system synergistically prompts antitumor efficacy and reduces cellular/systemic toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the combo regimen remodels the tumor microenvironment into an immune-favored state by triggering immunogenic cell death and relieving hypoxia, which provides a promising foundation for a combination regimen of immunotherapy. In conclusion, our nanosystem presents a novel strategy for integrating chemotherapy and radiotherapy to optimize the efficacy and safety of TNBC clinical treatment.

Cerebral edema is characterized by fluid accumulation, and the glymphatic system (GS) plays a pivotal role in regulating fluid transport. Using the Tenecteplase system, magnesium salt of salvianolic acid B/ginsenoside Rg1 (SalB/Rg1) was injected intravenously into mice 4.5 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion and once every 24 h for the following 72 h. GS function was assessed by Evans blue imaging, near-infrared fluorescence region II (NIR-II) imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SalB/Rg1 had significant effects on reducing the infarct volume and hemorrhagic transformation score, improving neurobehavioral function, and protecting tissue structure, especially inhibiting cerebral edema. Meanwhile, the influx/efflux drainage of GS was enhanced by SalB/Rg1 according to NIR-II imaging and MRI. SalB/Rg1 inhibited matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, reduced cleaved β-dystroglycan (β-DG), and stabilized aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarity, which was verified by colocalization with CD31. Our findings indicated that SalB/Rg1 treatment enhances GS function and attenuates cerebral edema, accompanying the regulation of the MMP9/β-DG/AQP4 pathway.
Animals ; Ginsenosides/administration & dosage* ; Brain Edema/etiology* ; Male ; Benzofurans/administration & dosage* ; Glymphatic System/diagnostic imaging* ; Mice ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy* ; Aquaporin 4/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism* ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology* ; Depsides

Objective:To summarize the surgical strategies and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of up-per urinary tract reconstruction in patients with stone-related ureteral strictures.Methods:This retro-spective study included 71 patients diagnosed with ureteral strictures secondary to urinary stones who un-derwent upper urinary tract reconstructive surgery at Peking University First Hospital between March 2014 and November 2023.Patient data were collected,including demographic characteristics,clinical presen-tation,laboratory results,imaging findings,surgical procedures,and follow-up outcomes.Ureteral stric-tures were classified according to anatomical location into upper,middle,lower,or multiple segments.Surgical procedures were carried out depending on the stricture characteristics.Surgical success was de-fined as resolution or improvement of clinical symptoms,radiographic improvement or stabilization of hy-dronephrosis,and maintenance of normal and stable renal function.Results:Among the 71 patients,36(50.7％)had strictures in the upper ureter,9(12.7％)in the middle ureter,15(21.1％)in the lower ureter,and 11(15.5％)had multifocal ureteral strictures.The median stricture length was 5.0 cm(interquartile range:3.0-15.0 cm).Surgical approach selection was individualized based on the location and extent of the stricture.For upper ureteral strictures,the most frequently employed techniques were oral mucosal graft ureteroplasty(13/36,36.1％)and appendiceal flap ureteroplasty(8/36,22.2％).Other options included ureteroureterostomy and ileal ureter replacement for longer or more complex strictures.In middle ureteral strictures,treatment was stratified by length:balloon dilation(1/9,11.1％)and ureteroureterostomy(1/9,11.1％)were applied in shorter strictures,while oral mucosal graft ureteroplasty(3/9,33.3％)and ileal ureter replacement(4/9,44.4％)were reserved for longer segments.For lower ureteral strictures,ureteral reimplantation into the bladder was the most common approach(10/15,66.7％),often combined with a psoas hitch or Boari flap when necessary.All the patients with multiple segmental strictures underwent ileal ureter replacement due to the extensive nature of the disease.The median follow-up period was 14.2 months(range:6.1-107.1 months).During follow-up,69 of 71 patients(97.2％)achieved surgical success.Conclusion:Stone-related ure-teral strictures present with considerable heterogeneity in terms of anatomical location,length,and com-plexity.Careful preoperative evaluation and individualized surgical planning are critical to successful re-construction.With appropriate selection of surgical methods,favorable long-term clinical outcomes can be achieved in the majority of patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for disease progression after treatment in patients with post-tuberculosis chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (post-TB CPA).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on post-TB CPA patients admitted to Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. The demographic manifestation, clinical manifestation, laboratory indicators, imaging findings, and treatment strategies were collected. Patients were divided into progression group and non-progression group based on treatment outcomes, and the clinical data of the two groups were compared. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify independent risk factors for disease progression after treatment.Results:A total of 109 post-TB CPA patients were included, and 33.9%(37/109) were in the progression group and 66.1%(72/109) in the non-progression group. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that subacute invasive aspergillosis (SAIA) (odds ratio ( OR)=14.356, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 2.923 to 70.504, P=0.001), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ( OR=5.276, 95% CI 1.505 to 18.491, P=0.009), and pulmonary fibrosis ( OR=5.030, 95% CI 1.437 to 17.612, P=0.012) were independent risk factors for disease progression. Antifungal treatment for ≥3 months was associated with a lower risk of disease progression ( OR=0.038, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.431, P=0.008). The proportion of non-progression group receiving surgical treatment was higher than that of progression group with statistical significance (31.9%(23/72) vs 5.4% (2/37), χ2=8.30, P=0.004), but the protective effect of surgery on disease progression was not confirmed by multivariate analysis ( OR=0.735, 95% CI 0.132 to 4.080, P=0.724). Conclusions:Disease progression in patients with post-TB CPA is strongly associated with SAIA, elevated ESR, and pulmonary fibrosis. Standardized anti-fungal treatment for ≥3 months significantly improves the prognosis.