[Objective]To evaluate the feasibility of animal model of simulated adenoid hypertrophy by combining animal model of allergic rhinitis and chronic pharyngitis from the perspective of predictive validity.[Methods]Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model control group,montelukast group and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group,with 10 rats in each group.The model control group,montelukast group and TCM group all established rat model of allergic rhinitis and the rat model of chronic pharyngitis was also established in the same time,which combined the simulated adenoid hypertrophy rat model,while the blank group was replaced the equivalent amount of 0.9%sodium chloride solution.After molding,the montelukast group was gavaged with montelukast sodium particles,the TCM group was gavaged with Yunpi Huatan Tongqiao Decoction,model control group and blank group received equal amount of 0.9%sodium chloride solution,the course of treatment would all be 8 weeks.After molding and after the course of treatment,the symptom performance of model animals was assessed by animal behavioral score and the eosinophil percentage(EOS%),interleukin-4(IL-4),immunoglobulin E(IgE)and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)levels in blood serum and nasopharyngeal mucosal tissues were tested,and the pathomorphological changes of nasal and pharyngeal mucosa were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.[Results]After molding,the levels of animal behavioral score,EOS%,serum and tissue IL-4,IgE,and HIF-1α level in model control group,montelukast group and TCM group were significantly upregulated compared with blank group(P<0.01),and the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa showed different degrees of disease-related histopathological changes.After treatment,the levels of each index in montelukast group and TCM group were lower compared with that before treatment,and were also lower than that in model control group,all differences were statistically significant(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the histopathological damage was relieved than before the treatment.[Conclusion]The simulated rat model is similar to adenoid hypertrophy in terms of symptom manifestations and pathological changes,and effective drugs used clinically have similar efficacy in simulated rat models.In terms of predictive validity,the animal model of simulated adenoid hypertrophy can be made by combining animal model of allergic rhinitis and chronic pharyngitis,but it still needs further exploration and improvement.

Objective:To compare the effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the M1 hand area, the M1 lower limb area, or the sciatic nerve on the motor functioning and ability in the activities of daily living of persons after a spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of data describing 86 hospitalized SCI patients. They were divided into four groups based on where the rTMS was applied: an M1 hand area group ( n=22), an M1 lower limb area group ( n=20), a sciatic nerve group ( n=24), and a control group ( n=20) who never received rTMS. In addition to conventional medication and rehabilitation training, the M1 hand area group, the M1 lower limb area group and the sciatic nerve group received 10Hz rTMS over the named area for 4 weeks. Before and after the treatment, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) total scores, SCIM indoor activity (SCIM12) sub-scores, Modified Barthel Index (MBI) scores, and lower extremity motor (LEMS) scores were compared among the four groups. Results:After the treatment, the average SCIM, SCIM12, MBI, and LEMS scores had improved significantly in all four groups. The average SCIM [10.00(4.00, 24.75] and MBI scores [12.00(6.75, 31.50)] of the M1 hand area group were then significantly better than the control group′s averages [3.50(0.00, 9.50) and 7.50(1.25, 17.75)]. There was also significantly greater improvement in the average LEMS score of the M1 hand area group [2.00(0.00, 10.00)] compared with both the sciatic nerve group [0.00(0.00, 2.00)] and the control group [0.00(0.00, 1.75)].Conclusions:High-frequency rTMS stimulation of the M1 hand area significantly promotes the recovery of lower limb motor function and self-care ability after an SCI. It is more effective than stimulating the M1 lower limb area or the sciatic nerve.

Objective To investigate the effect of body position angle on gastric insufflation during the induction of general anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing day surgery.Methods A total of 111 children scheduled for elective tracheal intubation under general anesthesia at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from December 2022 to March 2023 were selected as study subjects.Six children were ex-cluded due to unclear sonographic visualization of the gastric antrum,resulting in 105 children ultimately in-cluded in the study.The children were divided into three groups using a random number table method:Group D0(supine position),Group D5(5° head-up position),and Group D10(10° head-up position),with 35 children in each group.The presence of a"comet-tail artifact"on ultrasound was used as the criterion for determining gastric insufflation during anesthesia induction.The gastric antrum cross-sectional area(CSA)of the gastric antrum was measured before mask ventilation after loss of consciousness(T1)and immediately after tracheal intubation following mask ventilation(T2).The incidence of gastric insufflation,changes in CSA and their differences,and vital sign changes at T1 and T2,were compared among the three groups.Results Compared with Group D0,the incidence of gastric insufflation was significantly lower in Groups D5 and D10[25.7％(9/35)vs.20.0％(7/35)vs.54.0％(19/35)],and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Howev-er,there was no significant difference between Group D5 and Group D10(P＞0.05).No significant difference was observed in CSA at T1 among the three groups(P＞0.05).At T2,a statistically significant difference in CSA was found among the three groups(P＜0.05),with Group D10 showing a smaller CSA than Group D0(P＜0.05).The difference in CSA changes was statistically significant among the three groups(P＜0.05),with Groups D5 and D10 exhibiting smaller changes than Group D0,and Group D10 showing a smaller change than Group D5(P＜0.05).No significant differences were observed in mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate,pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)and pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide(PETCO2)at T1 and T2 among the three groups(P＞0.05).A total of 6 children(5.7％)required brief adjustments in jaw support due to irregular PETCO2 waveforms or abnormal peak airway pressure.Conclusion In pediatric patients undergoing day sur-gery under general anesthesia,a 5° head-up position during induction significantly reduces the incidence of gas-tric insufflation and minimizes changes in gastric antral CSA,while a 10° head-up position does not provide ad-ditional benefits.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical presentation and genetic etiology of a case with Xeroderma pigmentosum in conjunct with basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. METHODS: A male patient with Xeroderma pigmentosum treated at Xinxiang Central Hospital in October 2022 was selected as study subject. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing of his family members. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2021-167). RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the patient has a solid soft tissue mass in the anterior and lower part of his right eyeball and a small nodule on the left nasal wing. Histopathological biopsy showed that the periocular tumor was basal cell carcinoma in conjunct with malignant melanoma, and the nasal wing tumor was basal cell carcinoma. WES and Sanger sequencing revealed that he has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the XPC gene, namely c.2391delT (p.F797Lfs*11) and IVS1+1G>A, which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variants were rated as likely pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PM3) and pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PM3+PP5), respectively. The c.2391delT variant was unreported previously. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that it could significantly affect the tertiary structure of XPC protein. CONCLUSION The c.2391delT(p.F797Lfs*11) and IVS1+1G>A compound heterozygous variants probably underlay the pathogenesis in this patient. The detection of the novel variant has enriched the mutational spectrum of the XPC gene.
Humans ; Male ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum/genetics* ; Basal Cell Carcinoma/genetics* ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Melanoma/genetics* ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Exome Sequencing ; Pedigree

Objective:To construct a realistic surface model of human glioma T98G cells, aiming to enhance the accuracy of dose assessment at the cellular level in radiotherapy.Methods:Three-dimensional tomographic images of T98G cells were acquired using a laser confocal microscope. Subsequently, after cropping via MATLAB software and conversion to the DICOM format, the Amira and Meshmixer softwares were employed to repair and reconstruct the authentic curved - surface models of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm. The GATE Monte Carlo simulation platform was utilized to construct the 160 kV X ray energy spectrum of the RS - 2000 Pro irradiator. In a vacuum environment, the energy deposition processes of single cells and cell populations were simulated, and the dose distributions of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm were computed.Results:In the single cell simulation, the absorbed dose of the cell nucleus was 0.07 Gy, and 0.23 Gy for the cytoplasm. Under the same irradiation duration, the dose of the cell nucleus accounted for approximately 70% of the external irradiation dose. The calculated standard deviations of absorbed dose were 3.03×10?? and 5.73×10?? Gy, respectively, indicating a notable randomness in dose deposition. Since 2 Gy is a widely-adopted dose in radiotherapy fractionation regimens, cell populations were irradiated with 2 Gy. The findings revealed that the internal dose distribution of cell populations exhibited a non-Gaussian distribution, demonstrating the randomness of dose deposition. Specifically, the dose of the cell nucleus was concentrated in the range of 0.6-1.8 Gy, and the dose of the cytoplasm was concentrated in the range of 0.9-2.7 Gy.Conclusions:A curved- surface model of human glioma cells is successfully constructed, which can lay a foundation for improving the accuracy of microscopic dosimetry simulation.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of bilateral uterine artery embolization(UAE)via distal radial artery access.Methods Thirty patients who underwent bilateral UAE were selected.They were divided into distal radial artery group(14 cases)and femoral artery group(16 cases).The clinical signs,puncture times,operation time,compression hemostasis time,discomfort scores,microcatheter non-use rates,and complication rates of the two groups were analyzed,the feasibility and safety of bilateral UAE via distal radial artery access were evaluated.Results The mean number of puncture times in the distal radial artery group was 1.6 times that of the femoral artery group,and the puncture pain score was 1.5 times that of the femoral artery group(P＜0.05).The operation time and puncture point compression hemostasis time in the distal radial artery group were shorter than those in the femoral artery group,and the discomfort score of compression hemostasis in the distal radial artery group was lower than that in the femoral artery group(P＜0.01).The proportions who did not use microcatheters in the two groups accounted for 28.6％and 6.3％,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Four patients with poor access vessels were found in the distal radial artery group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bilateral UAE via distal radial artery access is safe and feasible.

Objective:To explore the factors associated with the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) following spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods:This was a retrospective study of 89 SCI survivors with NP receiving high-frequency rTMS. Those with a ≥30% reduction in their Numeric Rating Scales (NRS) scores after 2 weeks of treatment were termed Responders ( n=36), with the others classified as non-responders ( n=53). Demographic data (gender, education level, age), SCI characteristics (injury etiology, injury severity, neurological injury level, injury duration), NP characteristics (pain type, pain intensity, analgesic use), functional assessment (Modified Ashworth Scale score, Spinal Cord Independence Measure score, Modified Barthel Index score, American Spinal Injury Association motor/sensory score) were collected. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for variable selection, followed by binary logistic regression to identify factors associated with treatment efficacy. Results:Among the 89 patients, 36 (40.4%) were Responders to high-frequency rTMS. Binary logistic regression revealed that those with a cervical spinal cord injury and/or spasticity and women were more likely to respond to high-frequency rTMS.Conclusions:Female gender, cervical spinal cord injury, and spasticity are independent factors predicting rTMS efficacy in treating SCI, with spasticity demonstrating the strongest association.

Objective:To explore the factors associated with the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) following spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods:This was a retrospective study of 89 SCI survivors with NP receiving high-frequency rTMS. Those with a ≥30% reduction in their Numeric Rating Scales (NRS) scores after 2 weeks of treatment were termed Responders ( n=36), with the others classified as non-responders ( n=53). Demographic data (gender, education level, age), SCI characteristics (injury etiology, injury severity, neurological injury level, injury duration), NP characteristics (pain type, pain intensity, analgesic use), functional assessment (Modified Ashworth Scale score, Spinal Cord Independence Measure score, Modified Barthel Index score, American Spinal Injury Association motor/sensory score) were collected. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for variable selection, followed by binary logistic regression to identify factors associated with treatment efficacy. Results:Among the 89 patients, 36 (40.4%) were Responders to high-frequency rTMS. Binary logistic regression revealed that those with a cervical spinal cord injury and/or spasticity and women were more likely to respond to high-frequency rTMS.Conclusions:Female gender, cervical spinal cord injury, and spasticity are independent factors predicting rTMS efficacy in treating SCI, with spasticity demonstrating the strongest association.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of bilateral uterine artery embolization(UAE)via distal radial artery access.Methods Thirty patients who underwent bilateral UAE were selected.They were divided into distal radial artery group(14 cases)and femoral artery group(16 cases).The clinical signs,puncture times,operation time,compression hemostasis time,discomfort scores,microcatheter non-use rates,and complication rates of the two groups were analyzed,the feasibility and safety of bilateral UAE via distal radial artery access were evaluated.Results The mean number of puncture times in the distal radial artery group was 1.6 times that of the femoral artery group,and the puncture pain score was 1.5 times that of the femoral artery group(P＜0.05).The operation time and puncture point compression hemostasis time in the distal radial artery group were shorter than those in the femoral artery group,and the discomfort score of compression hemostasis in the distal radial artery group was lower than that in the femoral artery group(P＜0.01).The proportions who did not use microcatheters in the two groups accounted for 28.6％and 6.3％,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Four patients with poor access vessels were found in the distal radial artery group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bilateral UAE via distal radial artery access is safe and feasible.

[Objective]To evaluate the feasibility of animal model of simulated adenoid hypertrophy by combining animal model of allergic rhinitis and chronic pharyngitis from the perspective of predictive validity.[Methods]Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model control group,montelukast group and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group,with 10 rats in each group.The model control group,montelukast group and TCM group all established rat model of allergic rhinitis and the rat model of chronic pharyngitis was also established in the same time,which combined the simulated adenoid hypertrophy rat model,while the blank group was replaced the equivalent amount of 0.9%sodium chloride solution.After molding,the montelukast group was gavaged with montelukast sodium particles,the TCM group was gavaged with Yunpi Huatan Tongqiao Decoction,model control group and blank group received equal amount of 0.9%sodium chloride solution,the course of treatment would all be 8 weeks.After molding and after the course of treatment,the symptom performance of model animals was assessed by animal behavioral score and the eosinophil percentage(EOS%),interleukin-4(IL-4),immunoglobulin E(IgE)and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)levels in blood serum and nasopharyngeal mucosal tissues were tested,and the pathomorphological changes of nasal and pharyngeal mucosa were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.[Results]After molding,the levels of animal behavioral score,EOS%,serum and tissue IL-4,IgE,and HIF-1α level in model control group,montelukast group and TCM group were significantly upregulated compared with blank group(P<0.01),and the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa showed different degrees of disease-related histopathological changes.After treatment,the levels of each index in montelukast group and TCM group were lower compared with that before treatment,and were also lower than that in model control group,all differences were statistically significant(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the histopathological damage was relieved than before the treatment.[Conclusion]The simulated rat model is similar to adenoid hypertrophy in terms of symptom manifestations and pathological changes,and effective drugs used clinically have similar efficacy in simulated rat models.In terms of predictive validity,the animal model of simulated adenoid hypertrophy can be made by combining animal model of allergic rhinitis and chronic pharyngitis,but it still needs further exploration and improvement.