This article examines a comprehensive model for managing refractive errors, with a specific focus on myopia. It investigates the epidemiological context of refractive errors and their socio-economic implications. It underscores the importance of early detection and management, especially for severe ocular conditions like retinal lesions and glaucoma. The article critiques existing refractive error management models' limitations and highlights challenges in managing asymptomatic myopic patients. It proposes a “Myopia Chronic Disease Management(MCDM)” model as an innovative comprehensive management approach. The model establishes a data-driven closed-loop management pathway that encompasses screening, diagnosis, intervention, follow-up, and feedback. Through a comparative analysis with the chronic care model(CCM)and the World Health Organization's(WHO)Integrated Patient-Centered Eye Care(IPCEC), it highlights its innovative strengths in integrating digital technologies with multi-tiered healthcare networks. This model encompasses the entire refractive correction process and incorporates strategies for public education via the internet and new media. In terms of strategy implementation, the article discusses the necessity of establishing eye health records and long-term follow-up plans, as well as the potential applications of medical consortium models and family contract-based services in management. Moreover, the article emphasizes the importance of intelligent software systems in chronic ocular condition health management. It provides an overview of the benefits and challenges associated with this novel management model and proposes directions for future research and potential enhancements. Through this thorough examination and analysis, the article highlights the critical importance and effectiveness of implementing comprehensive, multifaceted, and sustained strategies in the management of refractive errors.

Objective To establish a standardized supply model for ophthalmic surgical instruments using lean manage-ment methods,develop a formula for determining optimal instrument inventory levels,and improve the management efficiency of ophthalmic surgical instruments.Methods A total of 2,281 cataract instrument sets from January 2023 to December 2024 were analyzed.From January to December 2023(1 141 sets),conventional process management was implemented,while from January to December 2024(1 140 sets),a lean theory-based standardized model was applied.Key parameters including surgical time,sterilization workflow,and instrument management were recorded to establish the model.A quantitative analysis incorporating sur-gical time,turnover interval,transportation time,relaxation rate,cycle interval,and target instruments was conducted to derive the inventory formula.A two-month pilot study on cataract surgeries was performed to validate the model's feasibility.The inci-dence of special events before and after implementing the standardized model was compared.Results The formula-derived data aligned with clinical demands,demonstrating precise quantification of ophthalmic instrument sets and high process stability.The incidence of special events post-implementation was significantly lower than pre-implementation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The lean theory-based standardized supply model effectively enhances the management of ophthalmic surgical instruments.

Objective To establish a standardized supply model for ophthalmic surgical instruments using lean manage-ment methods,develop a formula for determining optimal instrument inventory levels,and improve the management efficiency of ophthalmic surgical instruments.Methods A total of 2,281 cataract instrument sets from January 2023 to December 2024 were analyzed.From January to December 2023(1 141 sets),conventional process management was implemented,while from January to December 2024(1 140 sets),a lean theory-based standardized model was applied.Key parameters including surgical time,sterilization workflow,and instrument management were recorded to establish the model.A quantitative analysis incorporating sur-gical time,turnover interval,transportation time,relaxation rate,cycle interval,and target instruments was conducted to derive the inventory formula.A two-month pilot study on cataract surgeries was performed to validate the model's feasibility.The inci-dence of special events before and after implementing the standardized model was compared.Results The formula-derived data aligned with clinical demands,demonstrating precise quantification of ophthalmic instrument sets and high process stability.The incidence of special events post-implementation was significantly lower than pre-implementation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The lean theory-based standardized supply model effectively enhances the management of ophthalmic surgical instruments.

Objective To clarify the metabolic phenotypic changes in the serum and placenta of pre-eclampsia(PE)patients and their potential impact on fetal serum,and to identify and explore potential predic-tive biomarkers related to PE by using non-targeted metabolomics technology,thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and disease monitoring.Methods Based on non-targeted metabolomics using liquid chro-matography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),metabolomic analyses were performed on serum,placenta and um-bilical cord blood samples from 6 PE patients(PE group)and 6 healthy pregnant women in the late trimester(control group).Differential endogenous metabolites in each sample were screened using multivariate and uni-variate statistical methods.Metabolic pathways involved in the differential metabolites were enriched using MetaboAnalyst software.Additionally,potential biomarkers for predicting PE were identified based on binary logistic regression models.Results Compared with the control group,significant differences in the metabolic profiles of serum,placenta,and fetal serum were observed in the PE group.In the serum of PE patients,major metabolic abnormalities included α-linolenic acid metabolism,taurine metabolism,glycine,serine and threonine metabolism.In the placenta,abnormalities in linoleic acid metabolism,taurine metabolism,α-linolenic acid me-tabolism,and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis were detected.In the fetus of PE patients,metabolic abnor-malities were found in glutamine and glutamate metabolism,α-linolenic acid metabolism,and alanine,aspar-tate,and glutamate metabolism,involving polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acids.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves of differential metabolites were plotted using binary logistic regression models,and 4 serum metabolites with an area under the curve(AUC)＞0.9 were identified,mainly polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites.The AUC of α-linolenic acid,a common differential metabolite in all three samples,was 0.806,with a sensitivity of 66.67％and specificity of 100.00％,indicating high diagnostic value.Conclusion The serum,placenta,and fetal serum metabolic profiles of PE patients and healthy pregnant women in the late trimester are significantly different and affect the metabolic phenotypes of offspring,providing insights into the pathogenesis of PE.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Chai Yin Granules combined with oseltamivir on treatment of the children with influenza virus infection and observe the impact on microribonucleic acid(miR)-223/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)axis.METHODS A total of 104 children with influenza virus infection who were treated in Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Jan.2023 to Jan.2024 were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into the study group with 52 cases and the control group with 52 cases.The study group was given Chai Yin Granules on basis of the treatment of the control group,the control group was given basic anti-infection therapy plus oseltamivir phosphate granules,and both groups were treated for 5 consecutive days.The clinical curative effect was compared between the two group;the time of im-provement of clinical symptoms,arterial blood gases(ABG)indexes,inflammatory indexes and miR-223/NLRP3 axis indexes before the treatment and after the treatment for 5 days as well as the incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment period were observed and compared between the two groups of children.RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group was 92.31％after the treatment for 5 days,higher than 76.92％of the control group(x2=4.727,P=0.030).The duration of virus turning to be negative,disappearance of sore throat,disap-pearance of cough and fever abatement was shorter in the study group than in the control group(P＜0.05).The ar-terial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),pH,PaO2/oxygen concentration(FiO2)and miR-223 level of the two groups of children were higher after the treatment for 5 days than before the treatment;the above indexes of the study group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),NLRP3 and inflammatory indexes levels were lower after the treatment for 5 days than before the treat-ment(P＜0.05),and the levels of above indexes of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.CONCLUSION Chai Yin Granules combined with oseltamivir can effectively improve the ABG indexes and clinical symptoms of the children with influenza virus infection and relieve the inflammatory reactions by regulating the ac-tivity of miR-223/NLRP3 axis so as to improve the illness condition of the children with influenza virus infection and boost the clinical curative effect,with the safety favorable.

Objective To evaluate the consistency of DNA coding region single nucleotide polymorphism(cSNP)genotyping at the DNA and RNA levels in common body fluid samples based on the next-generation sequencing platform.Methods After extensive literature retrieval,25 cSNP loci of 8 human tissue-specific mRNAs in peripheral blood,semen and vaginal secretion were selected.Two cSNP multiplex genotyping panels based on DNA and RNA,respectively,were developed for use on the MiSeq FGx sequencing platform.45 body fluid samples(including 14 peripheral blood samples,15 semen samples and 16 vaginal secretion samples)were sequenced and analyzed.The inconsistent typing results of DNA and RNA were rechecked by Sanger sequencing.Results The results of cSNP genotyping at the DNA and RNA levels in peripheral blood were completely consistent.Among the 15 semen samples,the genotypes of rs1995640 and rs 1995641 on the TGM4 gene were inconsistent in 3 cases.Among the 16 vaginal secretion samples,there were 2 cases,1 case and 2 case with inconsistent results of rs3869098,rs10947121 and rs12110470 in MUC22 gene,respectively.Conclusion In this study,MiSeq FGx sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to test 25 cSNP loci with body fluid tissue specificity.The same typing results at the DNA and RNA levels were observed at 20 cSNPs.Inconsistent genotypes at the DNA and RNA levels were observed at 5 cSNPs on the TGM4 and MUC22 genes.This study provides experimental methods and data for forensic cSNP studies.

Objective To clarify the potential risk factors of disinfection and supply room,and explore the application effect of strengthening quality control management,so as to improve the service quality of disinfection and supply room and reduce the risk of medical accidents.Methods From January 2022 to December 2023,800 medical devices processed in a disinfection supply room were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups of 400 each:a control group receiv-ing conventional management and an observation group receiving enhanced quality control management.Statistical analysis was conducted on potential risk factors,and the work quality of the two groups was compared.Results Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that potential risk factors included insufficient professional competence of staff,deficiencies in the management system,infrequent departmental training,and a noisy work environment(P＜0.05).The observation group showed significantly higher qualified rates in various indicators,such as biological monitoring,compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the observation group experienced significantly fewer risk events than the control group(P＜0.05),indicating a statistically significant difference.Conclusion The primary potential risk factors in disinfection supply rooms in-clude systemic issues,staff quality,work environment,and training frequency.Addressing these factors by strengthening quality control management can improve staff professional competence,basic quality,and work attitude,thereby enhancing management quality,reducing the likelihood of risk events,and ultimately improving management safety.

Objective To evaluate the consistency of DNA coding region single nucleotide polymorphism(cSNP)genotyping at the DNA and RNA levels in common body fluid samples based on the next-generation sequencing platform.Methods After extensive literature retrieval,25 cSNP loci of 8 human tissue-specific mRNAs in peripheral blood,semen and vaginal secretion were selected.Two cSNP multiplex genotyping panels based on DNA and RNA,respectively,were developed for use on the MiSeq FGx sequencing platform.45 body fluid samples(including 14 peripheral blood samples,15 semen samples and 16 vaginal secretion samples)were sequenced and analyzed.The inconsistent typing results of DNA and RNA were rechecked by Sanger sequencing.Results The results of cSNP genotyping at the DNA and RNA levels in peripheral blood were completely consistent.Among the 15 semen samples,the genotypes of rs1995640 and rs 1995641 on the TGM4 gene were inconsistent in 3 cases.Among the 16 vaginal secretion samples,there were 2 cases,1 case and 2 case with inconsistent results of rs3869098,rs10947121 and rs12110470 in MUC22 gene,respectively.Conclusion In this study,MiSeq FGx sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to test 25 cSNP loci with body fluid tissue specificity.The same typing results at the DNA and RNA levels were observed at 20 cSNPs.Inconsistent genotypes at the DNA and RNA levels were observed at 5 cSNPs on the TGM4 and MUC22 genes.This study provides experimental methods and data for forensic cSNP studies.

Objective To clarify the potential risk factors of disinfection and supply room,and explore the application effect of strengthening quality control management,so as to improve the service quality of disinfection and supply room and reduce the risk of medical accidents.Methods From January 2022 to December 2023,800 medical devices processed in a disinfection supply room were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups of 400 each:a control group receiv-ing conventional management and an observation group receiving enhanced quality control management.Statistical analysis was conducted on potential risk factors,and the work quality of the two groups was compared.Results Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that potential risk factors included insufficient professional competence of staff,deficiencies in the management system,infrequent departmental training,and a noisy work environment(P＜0.05).The observation group showed significantly higher qualified rates in various indicators,such as biological monitoring,compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the observation group experienced significantly fewer risk events than the control group(P＜0.05),indicating a statistically significant difference.Conclusion The primary potential risk factors in disinfection supply rooms in-clude systemic issues,staff quality,work environment,and training frequency.Addressing these factors by strengthening quality control management can improve staff professional competence,basic quality,and work attitude,thereby enhancing management quality,reducing the likelihood of risk events,and ultimately improving management safety.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Chai Yin Granules combined with oseltamivir on treatment of the children with influenza virus infection and observe the impact on microribonucleic acid(miR)-223/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)axis.METHODS A total of 104 children with influenza virus infection who were treated in Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Jan.2023 to Jan.2024 were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into the study group with 52 cases and the control group with 52 cases.The study group was given Chai Yin Granules on basis of the treatment of the control group,the control group was given basic anti-infection therapy plus oseltamivir phosphate granules,and both groups were treated for 5 consecutive days.The clinical curative effect was compared between the two group;the time of im-provement of clinical symptoms,arterial blood gases(ABG)indexes,inflammatory indexes and miR-223/NLRP3 axis indexes before the treatment and after the treatment for 5 days as well as the incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment period were observed and compared between the two groups of children.RESULTS The total effective rate of the study group was 92.31％after the treatment for 5 days,higher than 76.92％of the control group(x2=4.727,P=0.030).The duration of virus turning to be negative,disappearance of sore throat,disap-pearance of cough and fever abatement was shorter in the study group than in the control group(P＜0.05).The ar-terial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),pH,PaO2/oxygen concentration(FiO2)and miR-223 level of the two groups of children were higher after the treatment for 5 days than before the treatment;the above indexes of the study group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),NLRP3 and inflammatory indexes levels were lower after the treatment for 5 days than before the treat-ment(P＜0.05),and the levels of above indexes of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.CONCLUSION Chai Yin Granules combined with oseltamivir can effectively improve the ABG indexes and clinical symptoms of the children with influenza virus infection and relieve the inflammatory reactions by regulating the ac-tivity of miR-223/NLRP3 axis so as to improve the illness condition of the children with influenza virus infection and boost the clinical curative effect,with the safety favorable.