Objective To investigate the weight loss efficacy and mechanisms of oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite,and to provide new approaches for obesity treatment.Methods Twenty-three SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into control group(n=3)and modeling group(n=20).The control group was fed an ordinary diet for 6 consecutive weeks,and the modeling group was fed a high-fat diet for 6 consecutive weeks to establish a simple obesity rat model.After successful modeling,the modeling group was randomly divided into model group(n=10)and treatment group(n=10).The treatment group started anoint-and-massage therapy with oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite(3 g per rat per time,once a day,20 min each time),which was recorded as day 1.The control group and model group were not treated with oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite but received the same massage,and continued to be fed ordinary feed and high-fat feed respectively.Ten rats in the model group and ten in the treatment group were each divided into 3 groups,with 3,3,and 4 rats in each group.On days 3,6,and 9 after treatment,the rats in the three groups were weighed and cardiac blood collection was performed after isoflurane respiratory anesthesia.After euthanasia by cardiac bloodletting,abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue(aSAT)and perirenal white adipose tissue(pWAT)samples were collected and weighed.Serum triglycerides(TG)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were measured.Image J software was used to measure aSAT thickness and the diameter and area of perirenal white adipocytes and abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes.Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the number of telocytes(TCs),cell junctions and exosomes per unit area of aSAT.Transmission electron microscopy was used to measure the length of telopodes(Tps)of dermal and subcutaneous TCs in abdominal skin,and to observe the distribution of exosome vesicles,rough endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria,and cell junctions.Results Compared with the control group,the body weight of rats in the modeling group increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed a significant increase in serum TG level,a significant decrease in HDL-C level,and a significant increase in pWAT mass(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed a significantly increased rate of body weight reduction,significantly decreased pWAT mass,significantly decreased serum TG level,and significantly increased HDL-C level(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed significant reductions in aSAT thickness,as well as cell diameter and area in both aSAT and pWAT(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed significantly increased number of TCs per unit area of aSAT,number of exosomes from TCs in aSAT,and Tps length(all P＜0.05).The treatment group showed an increasing trend in the numbers of mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum,and cell junctions in TCs.Conclusion Oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite applied via anoint-and-massage therapy effectively improves obesity-related symptoms such as dyslipidemia and fat accumulation in obese rats by regulating TCs and their intercellular communication.

Objective To investigate the weight loss efficacy and mechanisms of oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite,and to provide new approaches for obesity treatment.Methods Twenty-three SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into control group(n=3)and modeling group(n=20).The control group was fed an ordinary diet for 6 consecutive weeks,and the modeling group was fed a high-fat diet for 6 consecutive weeks to establish a simple obesity rat model.After successful modeling,the modeling group was randomly divided into model group(n=10)and treatment group(n=10).The treatment group started anoint-and-massage therapy with oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite(3 g per rat per time,once a day,20 min each time),which was recorded as day 1.The control group and model group were not treated with oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite but received the same massage,and continued to be fed ordinary feed and high-fat feed respectively.Ten rats in the model group and ten in the treatment group were each divided into 3 groups,with 3,3,and 4 rats in each group.On days 3,6,and 9 after treatment,the rats in the three groups were weighed and cardiac blood collection was performed after isoflurane respiratory anesthesia.After euthanasia by cardiac bloodletting,abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue(aSAT)and perirenal white adipose tissue(pWAT)samples were collected and weighed.Serum triglycerides(TG)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were measured.Image J software was used to measure aSAT thickness and the diameter and area of perirenal white adipocytes and abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes.Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the number of telocytes(TCs),cell junctions and exosomes per unit area of aSAT.Transmission electron microscopy was used to measure the length of telopodes(Tps)of dermal and subcutaneous TCs in abdominal skin,and to observe the distribution of exosome vesicles,rough endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria,and cell junctions.Results Compared with the control group,the body weight of rats in the modeling group increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed a significant increase in serum TG level,a significant decrease in HDL-C level,and a significant increase in pWAT mass(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed a significantly increased rate of body weight reduction,significantly decreased pWAT mass,significantly decreased serum TG level,and significantly increased HDL-C level(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed significant reductions in aSAT thickness,as well as cell diameter and area in both aSAT and pWAT(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed significantly increased number of TCs per unit area of aSAT,number of exosomes from TCs in aSAT,and Tps length(all P＜0.05).The treatment group showed an increasing trend in the numbers of mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum,and cell junctions in TCs.Conclusion Oligopeptide-herbal medicine composite applied via anoint-and-massage therapy effectively improves obesity-related symptoms such as dyslipidemia and fat accumulation in obese rats by regulating TCs and their intercellular communication.

Objective: To compare the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods: From October 2007 to October 2010,14 618 adult (aged ≥35 years) Han (n=5 757),Uygur (n=4 767) and Kazak (n=4 094) residents were selected to join this study through the four-stage stratified cluster sampling method from 7 cities and regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease was calculated according to the 10 years ischemic cardiovascular disease risk assessment form modified with Chinese characteristics and compared among the residents of 3 nationalities. Results: (1) There were significant differences in age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and drinking history among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P< 0.001). (2) There were significant differences in 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender and age group including 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, and ≥60 years old between Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P<0.001). (3) There were significant differences in rates of 10%-20% and>20% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (P values were 0.013 and <0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in rates of <5% and 5%-9% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population (all P>0.05).(4) There were significant differences in detection rates of diabetes,hypertension,smoking,hypertriglyceridemia,and obesity in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population with 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease ≥10% (P<0.01 or 0.05). Meanwhile,there was significant difference in detection rates of hypercholesteremia in male Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality adults(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in detection rates of elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults (all P>0.05). Conclusion There are gender and age differences in the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease in ≥35 years old Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Objective? To explore the research hots-pots of traditional Chinese medical (TCM) nursing using the method of co-word analysis. Methods? Keywords of the literature about the traditional Chinese medical nursing published before October, 2018 were extracted from the database of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The self-compiled computer program was used to process the data and build up the co-word matrix,the SPSS 20.0 software was used to perform the cluster analysis. Results? A total of 17 076 papers was retrieved, and keywords of high frequency were extracted. Finally, we obtained research hots-pots in the field of TCM nursing through the co-word clustering analysis method, which mainly involved the application of the TCM nursing in the psychological domain, the main method and mode of the TCM nursing intervention, the TCM nursing on stroke rehabilitation, relevant research on TCM nursing skills, clinical nursing pathway in perioperative period. Conclusions? The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and practical reference for further research and development in this field.