Objective To discuss the risk factors for impaired fasting glucose(IFG)and construct and validate a predictive model based on column charts of the risk of IFG occurrence.Methods This retrospective study included 3 037 individuals who underwent routine physical examinations at a hospital in Shenyang between August and December 2022.The population was randomly divided into a training group(n=2 126)and a validation group(n=911)in a 7∶3 ratio,and physical examination data were collected.LASSO regression analy-sis was used to screen predictive variables and logistic regression analysis was used to further screen and construct a column chart pre-dictive model.The validation group was used to conduct an internal validation of the feasibility of the model,and the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operator characteristic(ROC)and goodness of fit tests were used to evaluate the model effectiveness.Results Among the 3 037 included individuals,2 880 did not experience IFG and 157 did.The results showed that age(OR=1.04,95％CI:1.02-1.05),body mass index(BMI,OR=1.10,95％CI:1.05-1.17),systolic blood pressure(SBP,OR=1.01,95％CI:1.00-1.03),triglycerides(TG,OR=1.20,95％CI:0.99-1.51),and a history of hypertension(OR=1.28,95％CI:1.04-1.59)were independent risk factors for IFG occurrence in this population.Based on these variables,a column chart prediction model was constructed.In the training group,the model predicted an AUC of 0.722(95％CI:0.68-0.77)for IFG occurrence,while in the validation group,it predicted an AUC of 0.907(95％CI:0.87-0.94)for IFG occurrence.The results of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that the models of the training and validation groups were not significantly different(P＞0.05);that is,the actual probability was consistent with the prediction probability of the model,and the models calibration was good.Conclusion A risk prediction model for IFG occurrence that included five variables:age,BMI,SBP,TG,and history of hypertension could be construted.This model might help to identify high-risk groups for IFG early and allow for inter-vention in a timely manner.

Objective To discuss the risk factors for impaired fasting glucose(IFG)and construct and validate a predictive model based on column charts of the risk of IFG occurrence.Methods This retrospective study included 3 037 individuals who underwent routine physical examinations at a hospital in Shenyang between August and December 2022.The population was randomly divided into a training group(n=2 126)and a validation group(n=911)in a 7∶3 ratio,and physical examination data were collected.LASSO regression analy-sis was used to screen predictive variables and logistic regression analysis was used to further screen and construct a column chart pre-dictive model.The validation group was used to conduct an internal validation of the feasibility of the model,and the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operator characteristic(ROC)and goodness of fit tests were used to evaluate the model effectiveness.Results Among the 3 037 included individuals,2 880 did not experience IFG and 157 did.The results showed that age(OR=1.04,95％CI:1.02-1.05),body mass index(BMI,OR=1.10,95％CI:1.05-1.17),systolic blood pressure(SBP,OR=1.01,95％CI:1.00-1.03),triglycerides(TG,OR=1.20,95％CI:0.99-1.51),and a history of hypertension(OR=1.28,95％CI:1.04-1.59)were independent risk factors for IFG occurrence in this population.Based on these variables,a column chart prediction model was constructed.In the training group,the model predicted an AUC of 0.722(95％CI:0.68-0.77)for IFG occurrence,while in the validation group,it predicted an AUC of 0.907(95％CI:0.87-0.94)for IFG occurrence.The results of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that the models of the training and validation groups were not significantly different(P＞0.05);that is,the actual probability was consistent with the prediction probability of the model,and the models calibration was good.Conclusion A risk prediction model for IFG occurrence that included five variables:age,BMI,SBP,TG,and history of hypertension could be construted.This model might help to identify high-risk groups for IFG early and allow for inter-vention in a timely manner.

Objective To observe the value of tissue motion mitral annular displacement(TMAD)technique to assess left ventricular function in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.Methods A total of 34 adult patients with cardiac amyloidosis diagnosed by pathology were retrospectively included as the observation group,and 32 healthy adults were collected as the control group for the same period.Basic data of the subjects were collected,and data of routine ultrasonic parameters of left ventricular function and TMAD parameters were obtained,and then compared between groups.The correlation of TMAD parameters with left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)or mitral annular plane systolic excursion(MAPSE)were assessed.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had higher levels of body surface area(BSA),systolic blood pressure,N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),creatinine and urea(all P＜0.05).The observation group had increased values of ascending aorta(AO),left atrium(LA),interventricular septum(IVS),left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole(LVPWD),pulmonary artery(PA),and early diastolic peark velocity of mitral inflow(peak E),while smaller values of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD),LVEF,fractional shortening(FS),early diastolic tissue Doppler velocity E'septal(IVS E')and lateral(LW E')and MAPSE(all P＜0.05),and the LVEF in observation group was(58.18±7.09)％.For TMAD patameters,the observation group had smaller values of the following parameters on apical four chamber(A4C)view as medial displacement of mitral valve annulus(A4C MV1),displacement of lateral mitral valve annulus(A4C MV2),displacement of the midpoint of the mitral valve annulus(A4C Midpt)and the corresponding percentage(A4C Midpt％),as well as smaller values of the following paramets on apical two chamber(A2C)view as A2C MV1,A2C MV2,A2C Midpt and A2C Midpt％(all P＜0.05).In the observation group,A4C Midpt％showed a moderate positive correlation with LVEF(r=0.488,P＜0.05),and A2C Midpt showed a high positive correlation with M APSE(r=0.712,P＜0.05),and A4C MV2,A4C Midpt,A4C Midpt％,A2C MV1,A2C MV2,A2C Midpt％all showed a moderate positive correlation with MAPSE(r=0.420 to 0.691,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with LVEF,the TMAD parameters might reflect the changes in left ventricular systolic function more sensitively in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and macrophage polarization plays an important role in its pathogenesis. However, which molecule regulates macrophage polarization in NAFLD remains unclear. Herein, we showed NAFLD mice exhibited increased 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 (17β-HSD7) expression in hepatic macrophages concomitantly with elevated M1 polarization. Single-cell RNA sequencing on hepatic non-parenchymal cells isolated from wild-type littermates and macrophage-17β-HSD7 knockout mice fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks revealed that lipid metabolism pathways were notably changed. Furthermore, 17β-HSD7 deficiency in macrophages attenuated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and liver injury. Mechanistically, 17β-HSD7 triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation by increasing free cholesterol content, thereby promoting M1 polarization of macrophages and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, to help demonstrate that 17β-HSD7 is a potential drug target for NAFLD, fenretinide was screened out from an FDA-approved drug library based on its 17β-HSD7 dehydrogenase inhibitory activity. Fenretinide dose-dependently abrogated macrophage polarization and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and subsequently inhibited fat deposition in hepatocytes co-cultured with macrophages. In conclusion, our findings suggest that blockade of 17β-HSD7 signaling by fenretinide would be a drug repurposing strategy for NAFLD treatment.

Background Mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) regulates mitochondrial division and plays an important role in maintaining hepatocyte function. However, the role of DRP1 in cadmium exposure-induced maternal liver damage in pregnant mice remains unclear. Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of DRP1 in maternal liver damage induced by cadmium exposure during pregnancy. Methods This study consisted of animal experiments and cell experiments. (1) Animal experiments. Mice at 14 days of gestation were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a low-dose cadmium group (LCd group: 2.5 mg·kg⁻¹), and a high-dose cadmium group (HCd group: 5 mg·kg⁻¹). The pregnant mice were intraperitoneally injected with cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) for 6 and 24 h in the next morning. The weights of pregnant mice, uterus, maternal liver, and fetal mice were recorded after sacrifice. Serum and liver of pregnant mice were collected, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum were detected, and liver tissues were stained with HE to observe changes in liver function and liver tissue structure. The expressions of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and DRP1 proteins in liver of pregnant mice were detected by Western blotting. (2) Cell experiments. AML12 cells were treated with CdCl₂ (10 μmol·L⁻¹) for 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. The expressions of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins, DRP1, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) proteins were detected. AML12 cells were pretreated with DRP1 inhibitor Mdivi-1 for 1 h and then CdCl₂ (10 μmol·L⁻¹) for 12 h to detect the expression of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins and DRP1 protein. AML12 cells were treated with Hif-1α siRNA for 48 h and CdCl₂ (10 μmol·L⁻¹) for 6 h to detect the expression of HIF-1α and DRP1 proteins. Results The results of animal experiments showed that cadmium exposure in pregnant mice had no effects on maternal liver weight and liver coefficient. However, the histomorphological changes and necrosis in hepatocytes were observed. Compared with the control group, the serum ALT and AST levels of pregnant mice in the LCd group were significantly increased after 6 h (P＜0.05), and the levels in the HCd group were significantly increased after 6 and 24 h (P＜0.05). Cadmium exposure during pregnancy significantly up-regulated HIF-1α and DRP1 expressions and down-regulated the expressions of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins in maternal livers. In vitro cell experiments showed that the expressions of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins was significantly decreased and HIF-1α and DRP1 protein expressions were significantly increased in the AML12 cells treated with CdCl₂ for 6 h. Mdivi-1 pretreatment significantly antagonized the inhibitory effect of cadmium on the expressions of oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins in AML12 cells, while Hif-1α siRNA pretreatment significantly antagonized the up-regulative effect of cadmium on DRP1 expression in AML12 cells. Conclusion Cadmium exposure in pregnant mice may up-regulate DRP1 expression by activating HIF-1α signaling, then inhibit oxidative phosphorylation level of hepatic cells, and ultimately lead to maternal liver damage.

Objective:To summarize the scope of relevant research on the psychological state of parents during perinatal loss of re-pregnancy, and summarize the research status, so as to provide reference for future research and intervention.Methods:From the establishment of the database to December 2020, the literatures of China biomedical literature database, China Knowledge Network, VIP, Wanfang database, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, psychINFO and Cochrane Library were searched, the studies related to the psychological state, feelings and experience of the population were screened, and the JBI scope Review Guide was used as the methodological framework for analysis.Select the research related to the psychological state, feelings and experience of the population, and use the JBI scope review guide as the methodological framework for analysis.Results:Finally, 25 literatures were included, including 11 qualitative studies and 14 quantitative studies. Perinatal loss leads to an increased risk of psychological diseases when parents were re-pregnants, facing a complex mixture of new hope and uncertainty, and fathers were even more troubled by dual identity, but some parents could still benefit from perinatal loss.Conclusions:At present, China is lack of attention to the parents of perinatal loss of re-pregnancy. Medical staff should respect the differences of parents′ emotional expression, formulate targeted intervention measures, reduce the negative impact of perinatal loss, and guide the generation of positive psychology of the parents of re pregnancy.

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by eosinophilic hyaline intranuclear inclusions in the central and peripheral nervous system, and also in the visceral organs. Although in recent years skin biopsy is useful for the antemortem diagnosis of this disease, it is often misdiagnosed due to its highly variable clinical manifestations. A case of NIID is reported here. The patient had a long course of disease, mainly presenting as dysfunction of autonomic nervous system. No significant cognitive impairment was found. Thus, a new idea is provided for the diagnosis of this disease.

Objective:To investigate the computed tomography (CT) features of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with AEG who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Peking University Cancer Hospital from February 2010 to November 2014 were collected. There were 51 males and 8 females, aged from 46 to 82 years, with a median age of 63 years. All the 59 patients underwent enhanced CT examination before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Observation indicators: (1) pathological examination and neoadjuvant chemotherapy of patients with AEG; (2) results of CT examination in patients with AEG, including ① qualitative indicators of CT and ② quantitative indicators of CT. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( P25, P75) or M (range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed by the chi-square test. Results:(1) Pathological examination and neoadjuvant chemotherapy of patients with AEG: of the 59 patients with AEG, high-differentiated adenocarcinoma was observed in 1 patient, moderate-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 40 patients, and low-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 18 patients. Effective response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed in 13 patients, including 6 patients of pathological tumor regression grading (pTRG) 0 and 7 of pTRG 1; poor response was observed in 46 patients, including 12 patients of pTRG 2 and 34 patients of pTRG 3. (2) Results of CT examination in patients with AEG. ① Qualitative indicators of CT: for the 13 patients with effective response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 13 had the presence of ulcers, 5 had layered enhancement, 10 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 2 had positive extramural venous invasion (EMVI) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy; after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 13 had shallowed or disappeared ulcers, 7 patients had changed enhancement pattern, 3 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 1 had positive EMVI. For the 46 patients with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 28 had the presence of ulcers, 18 had layered enhancement, 37 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 22 had positive EMVI before neoadjuvant chemotherapy; after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 23 had shallowed or disappeared ulcers, 7 patients had changed layered enhancement pattern, 33 had infiltration of adventitia surface and 21 had positive EMVI, respectively. There was no significant difference in the layered enhancement or infiltration of adventitia surface before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=0.002, 0.000, P>0.05). There were significant differences in the presence of ulcers and positive EMVI before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=5.591, 4.421, P<0.05). After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, there were significant differences in the changes of layered enhancement pattern, infiltration of adventitia surface and positive EMVI between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=6.359, 10.090, 4.728, P<0.05); while there was no significant difference in the shallowed or disappeared ulcers between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=1.239, P>0.05). ② Quantitative indicators of CT: for the 13 patients with good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion before neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 1.37 cm(0.94 cm, 1.88 cm), 8.9 cm 2 (4.7 cm 2, 9.9 cm 2), 53 HU(47 HU, 63 HU), respectively. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the above indicators were 1.17 cm(0.79 cm, 1.29 cm), 4.4 cm 2(2.5 cm 2, 6.1 cm 2), 30 HU(25 HU, 53 HU), respectively. The change rates of the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, and enhanced CT value of the lesion were -23%(-42%, 9%), -51%(-60 %, -21%), -44%(-51%, 19%), respectively. For the 46 patients with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion were 1.57 cm(1.21 cm, 1.96 cm), 9.4 cm 2(6.6 cm 2, 13.1 cm 2), 60 HU(53 HU, 66 HU) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the above indicators were 1.16 cm(0.94 cm, 1.37 cm), 6.2 cm 2(4.8 cm 2, 8.1 cm 2), 55 HU(47 HU, 65 HU), respectively. The change rates of the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, and enhanced CT value of the lesion were -27%(-38%, -9%), -33%(-47%, -12%), -9%(-22%, 9%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( Z=-1.372, -1.372, -1.331, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximum tumor height after neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( Z=-0.503, P>0.05), while there were significant differences in the maximum tumor area and CT value of the lesion ( Z=-2.743, -3.049, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the change rate of the maximum tumor height or the maximum tumor area between patients with different treatment response ( Z=0.000, -1.481, P>0.05), while there was a significant difference in the change rate of CT value of the lesion ( Z=-3.231, P<0.05). Conclusion:Effective response of AEG to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was characterized by the changes in tumor layered enhancement pattern, reduction in the maximum tumor area, reduced CT value of the lesion, negative infiltration of adventitia surface, and negative EMVI.

Malignant tumor has become an urgent threat to global public healthcare. Because of the heterogeneity of tumor, single therapy presents great limitations while synergistic therapy is arousing much attention, which shows desperate need of intelligent carrier for co-delivery. A core‒shell dual metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) system was delicately designed in this study, which not only possessed the unique properties of both materials, but also provided two individual specific functional zones for co-drug delivery. Photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) were stepwisely encapsulated into the nanopores of MIL-88 core and ZIF-8 shell to construct a synergistic photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy nanoplatform. Except for efficient drug delivery, the MIL-88 could be functioned as a nanomotor to convert the excessive hydrogen peroxide at tumor microenvironment into adequate oxygen for photodynamic therapy. The DOX release from MIL-88-ICG@ZIF-8-DOX nanoparticles was triggered at tumor acidic microenvironment and further accelerated by near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. The

Pulmonary drug delivery has attracted increasing attention in biomedicine, and porous particles can effectively enhance the aerosolization performance and bioavailability of drugs. However, the existing methods for preparing porous particles using porogens have several drawbacks, such as the inhomogeneous and uncontrollable pores, drug leakage, and high risk of fragmentation. In this study, a series of cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) particles containing homogenous nanopores were delicately engineered without porogens. Compared with commercial inhalation carrier, CD-MOF showed excellent aerosolization performance because of the homogenous nanoporous structure. The great biocompatibility of CD-MOF in pulmonary delivery was also confirmed by a series of experiments, including cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis ratio test, lung function evaluation,