This paper summarizes clinical experience in treating acne based on the staged therapeutic principles of "eruption in warm diseases". It is considered that acne results from wind-heat retained in the lungs， invading the ying level and obstructing the blood collaterals， and is primarily a disorder involving both the wei and ying systems. In clinical practice， the treatment emphasizes the use of acrid-cool and sweet-cold methods. The core prescription is namely Yinqiaosan Qu Douchi Jia Xishengdi Danpi Daqingye Bei Xuanshen Fang （from Epidemic Warm Diseases ［《温病条辨》］）， and is adjusted according to the stage of disease. In the non-inflammatory stage， when the pathogen initially attacks the wei level， treatment focuses on acrid-cool herbs to release the exterior， with supplementary bitter-sweet ingredients such as Yejuhua （Chrysanthemum Indicum）. In the inflammatory stage， with pronounced heat toxin in the qi level affecting the ying and blood， and local stagnation of qi and blood， the approach is to clear heat and resolve toxin， using blood-cooling and stasis-resolving herbs early to prevent progression. Herbs such as Pugongying （Taraxacum Mongolicum）， Zihuadiding （Viola Yedoensis）， Tiankuizi （Semiaquilegia Adoxoides）， Chonglou （Paris Polyphylla）， Machixian （Portulaca Oleracea）， Zaojiaoci （Gleditsia Sinensis）， Chuanshanjia （Manis Pentadactyla） may be added. In the post-inflammatory erythema stage， when yin of the ying level is depleted and internal deficiency-heat arises， sweet-cold herbs are recommended to nourish the stomach and generate fluids， with the possible addition of Yiwei Decoction （益胃汤）.

With global warming, the threat of high temperatures is increasing, and the incidence of heat stroke has reached new highs. As a systemic disease of multiple organ dysfunction caused by a failure of thermoregulation, acute liver failure is one of the most severe manifestations of heat stroke and has an extremely high fatality. Heat stroke is usually treated with supportive therapy, and most patients improve after such treatment. However, some patients still face death. Therefore, acute liver failure caused by heat stroke has been recognized internationally as one of the super-urgent conditions of liver transplantation. There are some reports of successful liver transplantation for heat stroke, but due to the lack of clear indications and timing for surgery, as well as the consensus recommendations of “ten early actions and one prohibition” in China, the situation is somewhat difficult. This article reviews the definition, diagnosis and pathophysiological mechanisms of heat stroke, summarizes the current status of liver transplantation for heat stroke, and discusses the indications and timing for liver transplantation in the treatment of heat stroke.

The translation of genetic findings from genome-wide association studies into actionable therapeutics persists as a critical challenge in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. Here, we present PI4AD, a computational medicine framework that integrates multi-omics data, systems biology, and artificial neural networks for therapeutic discovery. This framework leverages multi-omic and network evidence to deliver three core functionalities: clinical target prioritisation; self-organising prioritisation map construction, distinguishing AD-specific targets from those linked to neuropsychiatric disorders; and pathway crosstalk-informed therapeutic discovery. PI4AD successfully recovers clinically validated targets like APP and ESR1, confirming its prioritisation efficacy. Its artificial neural network component identifies disease-specific molecular signatures, while pathway crosstalk analysis reveals critical nodal genes (e.g., HRAS and MAPK1), drug repurposing candidates, and clinically relevant network modules. By validating targets, elucidating disease-specific therapeutic potentials, and exploring crosstalk mechanisms, PI4AD bridges genetic insights with pathway-level biology, establishing a systems genetics foundation for rational therapeutic development. Importantly, its emphasis on Ras-centred pathways-implicated in synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation-provides a strategy to disrupt AD progression, complementing conventional amyloid/tau-focused paradigms, with the future potential to redefine treatment strategies in conjunction with mRNA therapeutics and thereby advance translational medicine in neurodegeneration.

Objective To predict the quality markers of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma based on fingerprints and multivariate statistical analysis combined with network pharmacology.Methods HPLC-DAD method was used to establish fingerprints of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.Based on the peak area data of the fingerprints,clustering analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were employed to evaluate the quality of 10 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma and 12 batches of salted Alismatis Rhizoma.The main components with quality differences were screened.Network pharmacology was used to analyze the targets and related pathways of the screened components,A component-target-pathway network was constructed,and molecular docking was used to verify.Quality markers of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma were predicted.Results The HPLC fingerprints of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma were established.The similarity evaluation showed that the similarity of 10 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma and 12 batches of salted Alismatis Rhizoma ranges from 0.991 to 0.998,0.992 to 1.000,respectively.Nine components with quality differences were identified through multivariate statistical analysis,and five of them were identified as alismoxide,alisol C,alismol,alisol B,23-acetate alisol B.Network pharmacological analysis suggested 278 targets of action associated with the five components.The main signaling pathways of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were closely related to the main efficacy and modern pharmacological effects of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.These 5 components were preliminary predicted as quality markers for Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.Conclusion This study predicted 5 quality markers for Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma,which can provide reference for their quality control and further research.

Objective:To analyze the effects and mechanisms of ginseng polysaccharide in myocardial fibrosis and endothelial function in coronary heart disease model rats based on mitogen activated extracellular signal regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways.Methods:Totally 60 SD rats were divided into control group (10 rats) and model group (50 rats). A coronary heart disease model was established in modeling rats. The successfully modeled rats were divided into model group, drug control group, ginseng polysaccharide high- and low-dosage groups, with 10 rats in each group. The drug control group was orally administered with 2 mg/kg Lipitor solution, while the ginseng polysaccharide low- and high-dosage groups were orally administered with 100 and 200 mg/kg ginseng polysaccharide solution. The control group and model group were orally administered with equal volumes of physiological saline solution once a day for one week. HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the morphological changes and pathological morphology of myocardial tissue. ELISA was used to detect the levels of NO, eNOS, ET-1, ADMA, TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6. Immunochemiluminescence was used to detect the expression levels of CK-MB and cTnl. Real time fluorescence quantification was used to identify the expression of MEK and ERK. Western blot was used to detect the expression of MEK, ERK, p-MEK, and p-ERK in myocardial tissue.Results:Compared with the model group, the levels of serum NO and eNOS increased in the drug control group and ginseng polysaccharide low- and high-dosage groups ( P<0.05), while the levels of ET-1, ADMA, TNF-α, CRP, IL-6, CK-MB, and cTnl decreased ( P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expressions of MEK and ERK in myocardial tissue decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Ginseng polysaccharides can improve the degree of myocardial fibrosis in rats, alleviate endothelial function and myocardial injury. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the differences in gut microbiota among different histopathologi-cal subtypes of lung cancer.Methods A total of 80 lung cancer patients admitted to the Department of Oncology and Hematology of Anqing First People's Hospital from February 2020 to February 2024 were selected as study subjects.Meanwhile,80 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examina-tions during the same period were selected as control group.According to pathological examination re-sults,the lung cancer patients were divided into three subgroups:lung squamous cell carcinoma group,lung adenocarcinoma group,and lung small-cell cancer group.The 16S ribosomal RNA(16S rRNA)sequencing technology was used to compare the differences in gut microbiota diversity and the characteristics of species relative abundance between lung cancer patients with different patho-logical grades and the control group.Results The proportion of patients with a family history of lung cancer was higher in different lung cancer subtypes than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The abundance-based coverage estimator(ACE)index,Simpson index,and Shannon index of patients with different lung cancer pathological subtypes were all lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).β-diver-sity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the variation of gut microbial community structure between the control group and lung cancer patients with different pathological types(P＜0.05).The results of LEfSe indicated that there were differences in gut characteristic microbiota among patients with different pathological subtypes.Specifically,Megamonas was enriched in the LUAD group,Butyrivibrio was enriched in the LSCC group,and Akkermansia was enriched in the SCLC group.Conclusion There are significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between lung cancer patients and the normal population,and the gut microbiota of patients with different lung cancer pathological subtypes have distinct characteristics.These differences may provide new bio-markers and therapeutic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum C-C motif chemokine ligand 11(CCL11)and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain(pNF-H)in diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods A total of 174 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)were enrolled as T2DM group,and 87 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examina-tions during the same period were selected as control group.The T2DM patients were divided into DPN group and non-DPN group based on the occurrence of DPN.According to the disease severity[assessed by the Toronto Clinical Scoring System(TCSS)],DPN patients were further classified into mild DPN group,moderate DPN group and severe DPN group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of CCL11 and pNF-H.Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlations of serum CCL11 and pNF-H levels with TCSS scores in DPN patients.Multivariate uncon-ditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to screen for influencing factors of DPN in T2DM pa-tients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive value of serum CCL11 and pNF-H levels for the development of DPN in T2DM patients.Results The serum levels of CCL11 and pNF-H in the T2DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of DPN in the T2DM group was 47.13％(82/174).The age of the DPN group was significantly older,the disease course was significantly longer,and the levels of fasting blood glucose,HbA1c,CCL11 and pNF-H were significantly higher than those of the non-DPN group(P＜0.05).The serum levels of CCL11 and pNF-H increased sequentially from the mild DPN group to the moderate DPN group and then to the severe DPN group,with statistically sig-nificant differences(P＜0.05).Serum CCL11 and pNF-H levels in DPN patients were positively correlated with TCSS scores(r=0.661 and 0.619;P＜0.001).A prolonged disease duration,high glycated hemoglobin levels,high CCL11 levels and high pNF-H levels were independent risk factors for DPN in T2DM patients(P＜0.05).Thearea under the ROC curve for the combined pre-diction of DPN in T2DM patients by serum CCL11 and pNF-H levels was 0.861,which was greater than those for the individual indicators by serum CCL11(0.751)and pNF-H(0.765)levels(P＜0.05).After 1,000-time bootstrap internal validation through self-sampling,the C-index for the combined prediction was 0.861.Conclusion Elevated serum levels of CCL11 and pNF-H are in-dependently associated with the development of DPN in T2DM patients and increase with the worse-ning of DPN.The combination of these two markers has a high predictive value for DPN in T2DM patients.

Objective To explore the application value of artificial intelligence in medical research assistance, and analyze the key paths to achieve precise execution of model instructions, improvement of model interpretation completeness, and control of hallucinations. Methods Taking esophageal cancer research as the scenario, five types of literature including research articles, case reports, reviews, editorials, and guidelines were selected for model interpretation tests. The model performance was systematically evaluated from five dimensions: recognition accuracy, format accuracy, instruction execution accuracy, content reliability rate, and content completeness index. The performance differences of Ruibin Agent, GPT-4o, Claude 3.7 Sonnet, DeepSeek V3, and DouBao-pro models in medical literature interpretation tasks were compared. Results A total of 15 studies were included, with 3 studies of each type. The five models collectively conducted 1 875 tests. Due to the poor recognition accuracy of the editorial type, the overall recognition accuracy of Ruibin Agent was significantly lower than other models (92.0% vs. 100.0%, P＜0.001). In terms of format accuracy, Ruibin Agent was significantly better than Claude 3.7 Sonnet (98.7% vs. 92.0%, P=0.002) and GPT-4o (98.7% vs. 78.9%, P＜0.001). In terms of instruction execution accuracy, Ruibin Agent was better than GPT-4o (97.3% vs. 80.0%, P＜0.001). In terms of content reliability rate, Ruibin Agent was significantly lower than Claude 3.7 Sonnet (84.0% vs. 92.0%, P=0.010) and DeepSeek V3 (84.0% vs. 94.7%, P＜0.001). In terms of content completeness index, the median scores of Ruibin Agent, GPT-4o, Claude 3.7 Sonnet, DeepSeek V3, and DouBao-pro were 0.71, 0.60, 0.85, 0.74, and 0.77, respectively. Conclusion Ruibin Agent has significant advantages in terms of formatted interpretation of medical literature and instruction execution accuracy. In the future, it is necessary to focus on optimizing the recognition ability of editorial types, strengthening the coverage ability of core elements of various types of literature to improve interpretation completeness, and improving content reliability through optimizing the confidence mechanism to ensure the rigor of medical literature interpretation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of single-incision intervertebral foraminotomy in treating double-segment lumbar spinal stenosis accompanied by lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 cases of double-segment lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation treated in our orthopedic(spinal surgery)department from March 2016 to May 2018.Among these cases,11 patients(Group A)were treated with percutaneous discectomy,13 patients(Group B)underwent percutaneous endoscopic discec-tomy,and 16 patients(Group C)received double-incision percutaneous surgery.General clinical data for all patients were recorded.Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)scores,and clinical outcomes were assessed at five different time points:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,one week postoperatively,one month postoperatively,and at the final follow-up.Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.Results The operation time,the number of fluoroscopies performed on the hands,the length of the skin incision,and patient satisfaction were all statistically significant(P<0.05).An interaction effect was observed between the operation time and the surgical procedure on both the VAS and JOA scores.Both the operation time and the surgical method had significant main effects on the VAS and JOA scores(P<0.05).Significant differences in VAS and JOA scores were found among the three groups immediately post-surgery,one week post-surgery,one month post-operation,and at the end of the study(P<0.05).Immediately after surgery,there were statistically significant differences in VAS and JOA scores among the three groups(P<0.05).One week post-surgery,there were also statistically significant differences in VAS scores among the three groups(P<0.05).Conclusions The single-incision intervertebral foramen technique is an effective approach for simultaneously addressing double-seg-ment lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation through decompression.This method boasts a shorter opera-tive duration,reduced intraoperative radiation exposure,and minimal tissue damage.Patient satisfaction is high,making it a valuable addition to clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of single-incision intervertebral foraminotomy in treating double-segment lumbar spinal stenosis accompanied by lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 cases of double-segment lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation treated in our orthopedic(spinal surgery)department from March 2016 to May 2018.Among these cases,11 patients(Group A)were treated with percutaneous discectomy,13 patients(Group B)underwent percutaneous endoscopic discec-tomy,and 16 patients(Group C)received double-incision percutaneous surgery.General clinical data for all patients were recorded.Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)scores,and clinical outcomes were assessed at five different time points:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,one week postoperatively,one month postoperatively,and at the final follow-up.Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.Results The operation time,the number of fluoroscopies performed on the hands,the length of the skin incision,and patient satisfaction were all statistically significant(P<0.05).An interaction effect was observed between the operation time and the surgical procedure on both the VAS and JOA scores.Both the operation time and the surgical method had significant main effects on the VAS and JOA scores(P<0.05).Significant differences in VAS and JOA scores were found among the three groups immediately post-surgery,one week post-surgery,one month post-operation,and at the end of the study(P<0.05).Immediately after surgery,there were statistically significant differences in VAS and JOA scores among the three groups(P<0.05).One week post-surgery,there were also statistically significant differences in VAS scores among the three groups(P<0.05).Conclusions The single-incision intervertebral foramen technique is an effective approach for simultaneously addressing double-seg-ment lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation through decompression.This method boasts a shorter opera-tive duration,reduced intraoperative radiation exposure,and minimal tissue damage.Patient satisfaction is high,making it a valuable addition to clinical practice.