Objective:To analyze the cost-effectiveness of high-flux hemodialysis compared to low-flux hemodialysis in the treat-ment of End-Stage Renal Disease(ESRD)patients.Methods:Based on a literature review,a cost-effectiveness analysis model was established,using the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio(ICER)as the outcome indicator to evaluate the economic value of high-flux versus low-flux hemodialysis.One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to further assess the robustness of the results.Results:In the treatment of ESRD patients,compared to low-flux hemodialysis,the ICER of high-flux hemodialysis was 234 882 yuan per QALY.The key factors influencing the model results were the cost discount rate,ef-fect discount rate,utility value of high-flux hemodialysis,and treatment costs.Conclusion:Compared to low-flux hemodialysis,high-flux hemodialysis demonstrates a cost-effectiveness advantage at a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times GDP per capita.

Objective:To analyze the cost-effectiveness of high-flux hemodialysis compared to low-flux hemodialysis in the treat-ment of End-Stage Renal Disease(ESRD)patients.Methods:Based on a literature review,a cost-effectiveness analysis model was established,using the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio(ICER)as the outcome indicator to evaluate the economic value of high-flux versus low-flux hemodialysis.One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to further assess the robustness of the results.Results:In the treatment of ESRD patients,compared to low-flux hemodialysis,the ICER of high-flux hemodialysis was 234 882 yuan per QALY.The key factors influencing the model results were the cost discount rate,ef-fect discount rate,utility value of high-flux hemodialysis,and treatment costs.Conclusion:Compared to low-flux hemodialysis,high-flux hemodialysis demonstrates a cost-effectiveness advantage at a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times GDP per capita.

To explore the biological characteristics related to the pathogenesis and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis by RNA sequencing of white blood cells in children with RSV bronchiolitis. This study is a case-control study. A total of 87 children diagnosed with bronchiolitis and RSV antigen positive and/or RSV nucleic acid positive in the pediatric respiratory department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from October 2019 to April 2022 were selected as the case group. The case group was divided into three groups based on the condition: mild, moderate, and severe, and there were two groups according to the presence or absence of atopic symptoms: the atopic group and the non -atopic group, forty healthy children in the same period were selected as the control group. The whole blood leukocyte RNA of the children in the case group and the control group was extracted for RNA sequencing, and the data were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, the immunobiological pathways and genes related to the pathogenesis, disease condition, and atopy were screened through Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) annotation, and protein interaction network (PPI) construction methods. Construct the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) module to identify potential biological indicators related to disease severity.Compared with the control group, the case group had a total of 1 782 DEGs, including 1 586 upregulated genes and 196 downregulated genes. The GO pathway enrichment of DEGs is mainly enriched in molecular functions such as peroxidase activity and oxidoreductase activity. In the cytological components, it is mainly enriched in cytoplasmic vesicle lumen and secretory granule lumen. In biological processes, it is mainly enriched in processes such as neutrophil activation involved in immune responses, neutrophil degranulation, and neutrophil activation. KEGG analysis is mainly concentrated in the signal pathway of the viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor. A PPI network was constructed to screen four genes at the core position, including CCL2, IL-10, MMP9 and JUN. The DEGs obtained by comparing different disease groups with the control group are mainly enriched in retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and cell apoptosis pathways. WGCNA analysis showed that the brown module related to oxygen saturation was most closely related to the disease, and its gene was mainly enriched in the RNA helicase retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) like receptor signal pathway. There are 230 specific DEGs in the atopic group and 444 in the non -atopic group. KEGG enrichment analysis results show that both groups are enriched to NF-κB signaling pathway, the characteristic does not cause significant changes in immune response and transcriptome characteristics in children with RSV bronchiolitis. In conclusion, neutrophil activation, degranulation pathway and signal pathway of interaction between viral protein and cytokine and cytokine receptor are involved in the immune response of RSV bronchiolitis host. CCL2, IL-10, MMP9 and JUN genes may be associated with the pathogenesis. They might be potential biomarkers related to disease severity in RIG-I like receptors, cell apoptosis, and endogenous cannabinoid related signaling pathways.

Objective To investigate the relationship between wheezing and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.Methods 130 children with lower respiratory tract infection were selected as the subjects, the children with wheezing in group A([Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between wheezing and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.Methods 130 children with lower respiratory tract infection were selected as the subjects, the children with wheezing in group A(n=70),normal pneumonia (no wheezing) were group B(n=60); The healthy children who were examined in the hospital at the same period were selected as the control group (n=60). The serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were measured by ELISA in the control and hospitalized children. The pathogens and allergens of the two groups were also detected. Results The levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in group A and group B were (56.92±16.88) nmol/L, (70.68±21.96) nmol/L, respectively, which was significantly lower than that in control group (82.69±17.63) nmol/L, ( t=8.50, 3.30,P=0.00,0.00); compared with group A( t=3.85, P=0.00). The positive rate of group A was 65.71%, which was significantly higher than that of group B (35.00%, χ2=12.20,P=0.00). The positive rate of group A was 30.00% compared with the control group (35.00%, χ2=0.36,P=0.54). The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was 75.57% in group A, which was significantly higher than that in group B (60.00%,χ2=14.21, P=0.00). The positive rate of virus detection was 57.14% in 98 children with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level<75 nmol/L, which was significantly higher than that in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level≥75 nmol/L(18.75%, χ2=14.25, P=0.00). The positive rate of allergens in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level <75 nmol/L was 35.71%, which was significantly higher than that in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level≥75 nmol/L(21.88%, χ2=2.11, P=0.14). Conclusion The main risk factor for children with wheezing is viral infection, while the low level of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in children increases the risk of viral infection, resulting in increased risk of wheezing in patients,so the clinical can occur through the detection of serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D3 levels to predict and intervention for children with wheezing.