OBJECTIVE:Clinically,stroke patients experience significant cardiopulmonary dysfunction during rehabilitation,which increases the likelihood of recurrent stroke.However,exercise interventions can effectively improve cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.This paper employs meta-analysis to conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of domestic and international studies on the improvement of cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients through exercise interventions.It examines the effects of different exercise modalities on the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients and explores the optimal exercise regimen.METHODS:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data,VIP,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,PubMed,and EBSCO databases were searched for articles published from inception to May 15,2024,primarily including randomized controlled trials on exercise interventions improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17 software.RESULTS:(1)A total of 32 articles meeting the criteria were included,involving 1 826 stroke patients.(2)The results showed that exercise interventions significantly improved the oxygen uptake capacity of stroke patients[MD=2.10,95％CI(1.57,2.63),P＜0.000 01].The optimal exercise regimen for improving oxygen uptake capacity was high-intensity interval training,conducted 5-6 times per week,with each session lasting 41-60 minutes,for a duration of more than 12 weeks.(3)Exercise interventions also significantly enhanced the aerobic endurance of stroke patients[MD=38.00,95％CI(29.55,46.45),P＜0.000 01].The optimal regimen for improving aerobic endurance was high-intensity interval training,conducted 2-3 times per week,with each session lasting 41-60 minutes,for a duration of more than 12 weeks.CONCLUSION:Exercise interventions can significantly improve the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients,with high-intensity interval training being the most promising exercise modality.Therefore,the optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients is to conduct high-intensity interval training sessions lasting 41-60 minutes,starting with an intervention frequency of twice a week,gradually increasing the frequency based on tolerance,and continuing the intervention for more than 12 weeks.Future research should focus on collecting more high-quality,multi-faceted clinical studies and evidence to validate these conclusions,particularly in exploring the optimal exercise-to-rest ratio of high-intensity interval training for improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.

AIM:To investigate the protective ef-fect of osthole(Ost)on APAP-induced liver injury in mice and its molecular mechanism.METHODS:We established the APAP-induced liver injury model in mice,and Ost was used to intervene.The expres-sion of AST,ALT,SOD,ROS,MDA,LDH,GSH-PX in mice plasma were detected by biochemical meth-od.HE staining was used to observe the changes of liver tissue structure.Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of Tif1γ and Smad4 in liver tissue.The mRNA expression of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,Smad4,and Tif1γ were detected by qRT-PCR.Western blot was applied to assess the protein expression of Smad2/3 and pSmad2/3 in liver tissue.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the liver structure destruction and hepato-cyte death was increased,ALT,AST,ROS,MDA and LDH were increased,while SOD and GSH-PX were decreased,and the mRNA expressions of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,the Ost interven-tion group had improved liver structure and de-creased liver cell death;decreased ALT,AST,ROS,MDA and LDH,increased SOD and GSH-PX,and de-creased expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA.Compared with the control group,liver tissues of model mice showed increased expression of pS-mad2/3,Smad4 protein and Smad4 mRNA,and de-creased Tif1γ protein and mRNA.Compared with the model group,the liver tissues of the Ost inter-vention group showed decreased expression of pS-mad2/3,Smad4 protein and Smad4 mRNA,and in-creased expression of Tif1γ protein and mRNA.CONCLUSION:Ost can improve liver function,re-duce oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction,and protect hepatocyte damage induced by APAP in mice,which may be related to the up-regulation of Tif1γ and inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Objective To compare and analyze the germicidal efficacy of continuous ultraviolet and pulsed ultravio-let(UV)lasers on pathogenic microorganisms.Methods Spore slides of Escherichia coli and Bacillus atrophaeus were irradiated using a 254 nm ultraviolet mercury lamp and UV laser.The carrier quantitative germicidal test was conducted to determine the disinfection efficacy at different irradiation doses.Results When the irradiation dose of the ultraviolet mercury lamp was 245.52 mJ/cm2,the logarithmic killing values of Escherichia coli and Bacillus atro-phaeus spores were 5.00 and 2.92,respectively,and the mean logarithmic killing doses were 49.10 and 84.08 mJ/cm2,respectively;When the UV laser irradiation doses were 208.39 and 206.80 mJ/cm2,the logarithmic killing values for the two microorganisms were 6.29 and 3.32,respectively,and the mean logarithmic killing doses were 33.13 and 62.29 mJ/cm2,respectively.Conclusion Compared with continuous UV radiation,pulsed UV laser has stron-ger penetration ability,better killing efficacy on pathogenic microorganisms at the same radiation dose,and can con-duct targeted disinfection and sterilization on the surface of objects directionally.

Objective:To analyze the mechanism of HOX transcript anti-sense RNA(HOTAIR)promoting invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer from the perspective of its structural domains.Methods:The clinical data of 60 patients with gastric cancer were collected at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital from December 2010 to December 2012.Mutants of HOTAIR 3'and 5'domains were constructed as HOT△P and HOT△L,respectively,and the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells were detected using Transwell as-say.Western blot was used to detect epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related protein expression;RNAseq was used to analyze the differential genes between the NC and the HOT△L group.RNA was extracted from the clinical tissues for analyzing the correlation between gene expression and clinical information.Results:HOT△L promoted the invasive and metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells more visibly than HOT△P.The mechanistic studies demonstrated that HOT△L more significantly promotes the EMT process in gastric cancer cells com-pared to HOT△P.HOT△L specifically up-regulated the expression of glycine amidinotransferase(GATM).Data analysis and clinical analysis suggested that the high expression of both HOTAIR and GATM group was associated with distal metastasis in gastric cancer patients(P=0.02),which further proved that the high expression of HOTAIR and GATM predicted the poor prognosis of gastric cancer.Molecular in-vestigations suggested that GATM could promote the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by advancing the progression of EMT.Regulation of EMT by GATM is the key mechanism by which HOT△L promotes the invasive and metastatic ability of gastric cancer,as de-termined by back-complementary experiments.Conclusions:HOTAIR 5'domain regulates the EMT process through specific up-regulation of GATM,thus,promoting the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Objective To compare and analyze the germicidal efficacy of continuous ultraviolet and pulsed ultravio-let(UV)lasers on pathogenic microorganisms.Methods Spore slides of Escherichia coli and Bacillus atrophaeus were irradiated using a 254 nm ultraviolet mercury lamp and UV laser.The carrier quantitative germicidal test was conducted to determine the disinfection efficacy at different irradiation doses.Results When the irradiation dose of the ultraviolet mercury lamp was 245.52 mJ/cm2,the logarithmic killing values of Escherichia coli and Bacillus atro-phaeus spores were 5.00 and 2.92,respectively,and the mean logarithmic killing doses were 49.10 and 84.08 mJ/cm2,respectively;When the UV laser irradiation doses were 208.39 and 206.80 mJ/cm2,the logarithmic killing values for the two microorganisms were 6.29 and 3.32,respectively,and the mean logarithmic killing doses were 33.13 and 62.29 mJ/cm2,respectively.Conclusion Compared with continuous UV radiation,pulsed UV laser has stron-ger penetration ability,better killing efficacy on pathogenic microorganisms at the same radiation dose,and can con-duct targeted disinfection and sterilization on the surface of objects directionally.

AIM:To investigate the protective ef-fect of osthole(Ost)on APAP-induced liver injury in mice and its molecular mechanism.METHODS:We established the APAP-induced liver injury model in mice,and Ost was used to intervene.The expres-sion of AST,ALT,SOD,ROS,MDA,LDH,GSH-PX in mice plasma were detected by biochemical meth-od.HE staining was used to observe the changes of liver tissue structure.Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of Tif1γ and Smad4 in liver tissue.The mRNA expression of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,Smad4,and Tif1γ were detected by qRT-PCR.Western blot was applied to assess the protein expression of Smad2/3 and pSmad2/3 in liver tissue.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the liver structure destruction and hepato-cyte death was increased,ALT,AST,ROS,MDA and LDH were increased,while SOD and GSH-PX were decreased,and the mRNA expressions of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,the Ost interven-tion group had improved liver structure and de-creased liver cell death;decreased ALT,AST,ROS,MDA and LDH,increased SOD and GSH-PX,and de-creased expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA.Compared with the control group,liver tissues of model mice showed increased expression of pS-mad2/3,Smad4 protein and Smad4 mRNA,and de-creased Tif1γ protein and mRNA.Compared with the model group,the liver tissues of the Ost inter-vention group showed decreased expression of pS-mad2/3,Smad4 protein and Smad4 mRNA,and in-creased expression of Tif1γ protein and mRNA.CONCLUSION:Ost can improve liver function,re-duce oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction,and protect hepatocyte damage induced by APAP in mice,which may be related to the up-regulation of Tif1γ and inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Objective:To analyze the mechanism of HOX transcript anti-sense RNA(HOTAIR)promoting invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer from the perspective of its structural domains.Methods:The clinical data of 60 patients with gastric cancer were collected at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital from December 2010 to December 2012.Mutants of HOTAIR 3'and 5'domains were constructed as HOT△P and HOT△L,respectively,and the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells were detected using Transwell as-say.Western blot was used to detect epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related protein expression;RNAseq was used to analyze the differential genes between the NC and the HOT△L group.RNA was extracted from the clinical tissues for analyzing the correlation between gene expression and clinical information.Results:HOT△L promoted the invasive and metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells more visibly than HOT△P.The mechanistic studies demonstrated that HOT△L more significantly promotes the EMT process in gastric cancer cells com-pared to HOT△P.HOT△L specifically up-regulated the expression of glycine amidinotransferase(GATM).Data analysis and clinical analysis suggested that the high expression of both HOTAIR and GATM group was associated with distal metastasis in gastric cancer patients(P=0.02),which further proved that the high expression of HOTAIR and GATM predicted the poor prognosis of gastric cancer.Molecular in-vestigations suggested that GATM could promote the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by advancing the progression of EMT.Regulation of EMT by GATM is the key mechanism by which HOT△L promotes the invasive and metastatic ability of gastric cancer,as de-termined by back-complementary experiments.Conclusions:HOTAIR 5'domain regulates the EMT process through specific up-regulation of GATM,thus,promoting the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

OBJECTIVE:Clinically,stroke patients experience significant cardiopulmonary dysfunction during rehabilitation,which increases the likelihood of recurrent stroke.However,exercise interventions can effectively improve cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.This paper employs meta-analysis to conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of domestic and international studies on the improvement of cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients through exercise interventions.It examines the effects of different exercise modalities on the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients and explores the optimal exercise regimen.METHODS:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data,VIP,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,PubMed,and EBSCO databases were searched for articles published from inception to May 15,2024,primarily including randomized controlled trials on exercise interventions improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17 software.RESULTS:(1)A total of 32 articles meeting the criteria were included,involving 1 826 stroke patients.(2)The results showed that exercise interventions significantly improved the oxygen uptake capacity of stroke patients[MD=2.10,95％CI(1.57,2.63),P＜0.000 01].The optimal exercise regimen for improving oxygen uptake capacity was high-intensity interval training,conducted 5-6 times per week,with each session lasting 41-60 minutes,for a duration of more than 12 weeks.(3)Exercise interventions also significantly enhanced the aerobic endurance of stroke patients[MD=38.00,95％CI(29.55,46.45),P＜0.000 01].The optimal regimen for improving aerobic endurance was high-intensity interval training,conducted 2-3 times per week,with each session lasting 41-60 minutes,for a duration of more than 12 weeks.CONCLUSION:Exercise interventions can significantly improve the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients,with high-intensity interval training being the most promising exercise modality.Therefore,the optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients is to conduct high-intensity interval training sessions lasting 41-60 minutes,starting with an intervention frequency of twice a week,gradually increasing the frequency based on tolerance,and continuing the intervention for more than 12 weeks.Future research should focus on collecting more high-quality,multi-faceted clinical studies and evidence to validate these conclusions,particularly in exploring the optimal exercise-to-rest ratio of high-intensity interval training for improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients.

Objective To explore the role of zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36) in regulating osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and preosteoblasts. Methods ZFP36 expression was observed in primary mouse BMSCs and mouse preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells) during induced osteogenic differentiation. Zfp36-deficient cell models were constructed in the two cells using RNA interference technique and the changes in differentiation capacities of the transfected cells into osteoblasts were observed. Transcriptome sequencing was used to investigate the potential mechanisms of ZFP36 for regulating osteoblast differentiation of the two cells. U0126, a ERK/MAPK signal suppressor, was used to verify the regulatory mechanism of Zfp36 in osteogenic differentiation of Zfp36-deficient cells. Results During the 14-day induction of osteogenic differentiation, both mouse BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells exhibited increased expression of ZFP36, and its mRNA expression reached the peak level on Day 7 (P<0.0001). The Zfp36-deficient cell models showed reduced intensity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining with significantly lowered expressions of the osteogenic marker genes including Alpl, Sp7, Bglap and Ibsp (P<0.01). Transcriptome sequencing verified the reduction of bone mineralization-related gene expressions in Zfp36-deficient cells and indicated the involvement of ERK signaling in the potential regulatory mechanism of Zfp36. Immunoblotting showed that pERK protein expression increased significantly in Zfp36-deficient cells compared with the control cells. In Zfp36-deficient MC3T3-E1 cells, inhibition of activated ERK/MAPK signaling with U0126 resulted in obviously enhanced ALP staining and significantly increased expressions of osteoblast differentiation markers Runx2 and Bglap (P<0.05). Conclusions ZFP36 is involved in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation of mouse BMSCs and preosteoblasts, and ZFP36 deficiency causes inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of the cells by activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the value of a model combined ultrasound radiomics with clinical and ultrasound image semantic features in predicting lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)Methods:The clinical and ultrasound imaging data of 271 patients with MTC admitted at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from Jan 2015 to Jan 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Among those there were 114 cases with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis and 157 cases .The region of interest was delineated by ITKSNAP in the maximum transverse section of the tumor and the radiomics features were extracted by Pyradiomics.The patients were randomly divided into training set and validation set in a ratio of 7∶3. Maximum correlation minimum redundancy was screened for stable radiomics features . The random forest algorithm was applied to construct clinical ultrasound semantics model, ultrasound radiomics model, and combined model,The predictive performance of each model was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The predictive ability of the three models was compared by Delong test.Results:The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of clinical ultrasound semantics model, ultrasound radiomics model, and combined model were 0.78,65.8%,78.9%,73.2%; 0.75,60.8%, 69.8%, 65.8%; 0.84,70.1%,81.6%,77.0% respectively. Delong Test showed that the difference of AUC between clinical ultrasound semantics model and ultrasound radiomics model was no statistical difference ( Z=0.731, P=0.465). The AUC of combined model was better than clinical ultrasound semantics model ( Z=-2.126, P=0.034) and ultrasound radiomics model ( Z=-2.318, P=0.021). Conclusion:The model combined clinical characteristics,biochemical indexes,ultrasound semantic findings and ultrasound radiomics features has good performance in predicting lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of MTC.