Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of ileocecal valve lipoma.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed on data of ileocecal lipoma patients who underwent ESD at the Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from December 2013 to June 2023. According to the lesion location, the patients were divided into ileocecal valve group and cecum group. The operation time, operation speed, en bloc resection rate, complications, and follow-up outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results:A total of 59 patients with ileocecal lipoma were enrolled, including 31 patients in the ileocecal valve group and 28 patients in the cecum group.There were no significant differences in gender, age, specimen size, or lesion size between the two groups ( P>0.05). Lipomas in both the ileocecal valve group and the cecum group were successfully resected by ESD. The en bloc resection rates were 100.0% (31/31) and 92.9% (26/28) respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2=0.033, P=0.133). Median operative duration significantly differed between the two groups ( ileocecal valve group 26 min VS cecum group 20 min, Z=-0.136, P=0.027), as did resection speed (ileocecal valve group 0.14 cm2/min VS cecum group 0.24 cm2/min, Z=-0.223, P=0.022). Adverse events included one postoperative fever in the ileocecal valve group and one delayed bleeding in the cecum group. During the median follow-up of 38 months (7-106 months), there was no case of residual tumor or recurrence. Conclusion:Despite technical challenges in ESD of ileocecal valve lipoma, it is still a safe, feasible and effective treatment method.

Energy metabolism regulation plays a pivotal role in metabolic engineering. It mainly achieves the balance of material and energy metabolism or maximizes the utilization of materials and energy by regulating the supply intensity and mode of ATP and reducing electron carriers in cells. On the one hand, the production efficiency can be increased by changing the distribution of material metabolic flow. On the other hand, the thermodynamic parameters of enzyme-catalyzed reactions can be altered to affect the reaction balance, and thus the production costs are reduced. Therefore, energy metabolism regulation is expected to become a favorable tool for the modification of microbial cell factories, thereby increasing the production of target metabolites and reducing production costs. This article introduces the commonly used energy metabolism regulation methods and their effects on cell factories, aiming to provide a reference for the efficient construction of microbial cell factories.
Energy Metabolism/physiology* ; Metabolic Engineering/methods* ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism* ; Industrial Microbiology/methods*

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.002.].

Gene regulation relies on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) at regulatory elements, but simultaneously detecting hundreds of TFs on chromatin is challenging. We developed cFOOT-seq, a cytosine deaminase-based TF footprinting assay, for high-resolution, quantitative genome-wide assessment of TF binding in both open and closed chromatin regions, even with small cell numbers. By utilizing the dsDNA deaminase SsdAtox, cFOOT-seq converts accessible cytosines to uracil while preserving genomic integrity, making it compatible with techniques like ATAC-seq for sensitive and cost-effective detection of TF occupancy at the single-molecule and single-cell level. Our approach enables the delineation of TF footprints, quantification of occupancy, and examination of chromatin influences on TF binding. Notably, cFOOT-seq, combined with FootTrack analysis, enables de novo prediction of TF binding sites and tracking of TF occupancy dynamics. We demonstrate its application in capturing cell type-specific TFs, analyzing TF dynamics during reprogramming, and revealing TF dependencies on chromatin remodelers. Overall, cFOOT-seq represents a robust approach for investigating the genome-wide dynamics of TF occupancy and elucidating the cis-regulatory architecture underlying gene regulation.
Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Humans ; Chromatin/genetics* ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Mice ; DNA Footprinting/methods*

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of ileocecal valve lipoma.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed on data of ileocecal lipoma patients who underwent ESD at the Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from December 2013 to June 2023. According to the lesion location, the patients were divided into ileocecal valve group and cecum group. The operation time, operation speed, en bloc resection rate, complications, and follow-up outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results:A total of 59 patients with ileocecal lipoma were enrolled, including 31 patients in the ileocecal valve group and 28 patients in the cecum group.There were no significant differences in gender, age, specimen size, or lesion size between the two groups ( P>0.05). Lipomas in both the ileocecal valve group and the cecum group were successfully resected by ESD. The en bloc resection rates were 100.0% (31/31) and 92.9% (26/28) respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2=0.033, P=0.133). Median operative duration significantly differed between the two groups ( ileocecal valve group 26 min VS cecum group 20 min, Z=-0.136, P=0.027), as did resection speed (ileocecal valve group 0.14 cm2/min VS cecum group 0.24 cm2/min, Z=-0.223, P=0.022). Adverse events included one postoperative fever in the ileocecal valve group and one delayed bleeding in the cecum group. During the median follow-up of 38 months (7-106 months), there was no case of residual tumor or recurrence. Conclusion:Despite technical challenges in ESD of ileocecal valve lipoma, it is still a safe, feasible and effective treatment method.

Objective:To investigate effect of vitexin on macrophage polarization and its impact on tumor growth in a mouse model of prostate cancer.Methods:C57BL/6J male mice were used to establish RM-1 prostate cancer xenograft model.Mice were ran-domly divided into model group,vitexin-low,medium and high doses groups(40,80,160 mg/kg),and cisplatin group as positive control.After continuous administration for 16 days,mice were euthanized and tumor mass was measured.HE staining was performed to observe tumor morphology.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Ki67 positive rate.Flow cytometry was conducted to measure expressions of CD86+CD11b and CD206+CD11b in tumor-associated macrophages.CCK8 assay was performed to assess cytotoxic effect of vitexin on RAW264.7 macrophages to determine suitable concentrations.RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expressions of M2 macrophage markers,including arginase-1(ARG-1),Fizz1 and Ym1.Results:Vitexin inhibited tumor volume and weight,induced tumor tissue necrosis,suppressed Ki67 protein expression,increased expression of CD86+CD11b+M1 macrophages,and inhibited CD206+CD11b+M2 macrophage expression in mouse tumor tissues in vivo.Vitexin at concentrations of 10～20 μmol/L showed no cyto-toxicity on RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro,and promoted expression of iNOS in IL-4-induced M2 macrophages while inhibiting CD206 expression,as well as suppressed mRNA expressions of ARG-1,Fizz1 and Ym1.Conclusion:Vitexin effectively inhibits tumor growth in a mouse model of prostate cancer,possibly by regulating M2 macrophages towards an M1 phenotype and exerting immunomodulatory effects.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the altered pathways and genes associated with freezing damage in human sperm during cryopreservation by multiomics analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen fresh human semen samples were collected for transcriptomic analysis, and another 5 fresh human semen samples were obtained for metabolomic analysis. For each semen sample, 1 mL was cryopreserved, and another 1 mL was left untreated for paired design. The results were then combined with previously published proteomic results to identify key genes/pathways. Results: Cryopreservation significantly reduced sperm motility and mitochondrial structure. Transcriptomic analysis revealed altered mitochondrial function, including changes in tRNA-methyltransferase activity and adenosine tri-phosphate/adenosine di-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity. Metabolomic analysis showed that the citrate cycle in mitochondria was significantly altered. Combining transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed 346 genes that were altered in at least two omics analyses. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that metabolic pathways were significantly altered and strongly associated with mitochondria. Five genes were altered in all three omics analyses: COL11A1, COL18A1, LPCAT3, NME1, and NNT. Conclusions Five genes were identified by multiomics analysis in human cryopreserved sperm. These genes might have specific functions in cryopreservation. Explorations of the functions of these genes will be helpful for sperm cryopreservation and sperm motility improvement or even for reproduction in the future.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on post-stroke insomnia.Methods 148 outpatients and inpatients with post-stroke insomnia were recruited in the Shanghai municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2016 to January 2018.They were randomly divided into two groups,acupuncture group(n=74)and control group(n=74).The acupuncture group was treated with GV20,GV24,GV29,HN22,HT7 and SP6 20 minutes each time,3 times per week for 4 weeks.The follow-up was after 4 weeks.The control group was treated with sham acupuncture on the same acupoints.The needles did not pierce the skin.The Insomnia Severity Index Scale(ISI),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)and the Stroke Special Quality of Life Scale(SS-QoL)were used to evaluate the patients before treatment,after 2 weeks of treatment,after 4 weeks of treatment and follow-up.The occurrence of adverse events of acupuncture was also recorded.Results ① ISI:after 2 weeks of treatment,4 weeks of treatment and follow-up,the score of treatment group was decreased compared with the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared with baseline,the ISI score of the treatment group was decreased after 4 weeks of treatment(P＜0.05).② HADS score:The difference between 4-week treatment and baseline score of the HADS-A,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the difference between 4-week treatment and baseline,and between follow-up and baseline score of the HADS-D,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01).③SS-QoL score:The difference between 2-week treatment and baseline,between 4-week treatment and baseline,and between follow-up and baseline score of the SS-QoL,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy in improving the severity of insomnia of patients with post-stroke insomnia.Compared with sham acupuncture,acupuncture can improve the anxiety and depression status and quality of life of patients.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Tongdu Tiaoyang rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)therapy for cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type.Methods A total of 90 patients with cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type were randomly divided into the rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)group and the electroacupuncture(EA)group,with 45 cases in either group.Both groups were treated with electroacupuncture at Tianzhu(BL 10),Jingjiaji(EX-B2),Houxi(SI 3),Shenmai(BL 62),Xuanzhong(GB 39),Geshu(BL 17),Hegu(LI 4)and Ashi points with continuous wave and 2 Hz of frequency for once a day,7 times as a treatment course.On the basis of electroacupuncture treatment,the rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)group was treated with bloodletting by rolling needle on the neck Du Mai and three yang channels,from Fengfu(DU 16)to Taodao(DU 13),Yuzhen(BL 9)to Dazhu(BL 11),Fengchi(GB 20)to Jianjing(GB 21),and Yifeng(SJ 17)to Tianyou(SJ 16),followed by fire cupping,for once every other day,and 3 times in all.The visual analogue scale(VAS)scores and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores(JOA)were observed before and after treatment,and the efficacy was evaluated.Results Compared before treatment,the scores of VAS in either group were all significantly reduced after treatment(P＜0.01).The scores of VAS in the RNP-C group were significantly inferior to those in the EA group after treatment(P＜0.01).Compared before treatment,the scores of JOA in either group were all significantly promoted after treatment(P＜0.01).The differences of JOA scores between the RNP-C group and EA group after treatment were not significant(P＞0.05).The therapeutic effecacy of the RNP-C group is superior to that of the traditional EA group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Tongdu Tiaoyang rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)therapy combining with traditional electroacupuncture could improve the cervical pain symptoms of patients with cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type in a short period of time,and the clinical efficacy is better than traditional electroacupuncture.

Objective To observe the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)and protein kinase B(Akt)signal transducer in liver tissue of rats with bilateral ovarian castration(OVX)by electroacupuncture at Guanyuan(CV4)point,and explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture in up regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway,regulating lipid metabolism,and reducing weight was investigated.Methods Thirty-two female SD rats were randomly divided into blank,sham operation,model and electroacupuncture group,with 8 rats in each group.Perimenopausal obesity(PMO)model was prepared by OVX in the model and the electroacupuncture group.After the model was successfully prepared,the electroacupuncture group was subjected to electroacupuncture at CV4(continuous wave,2 Hz,1 mA),once day,20 min once time,and for 14 consecutive days.The body mass of each group of rats was recorded during the whole experiment,and Lee's index was calculated during sampling.The pathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining.Serum levels of HDL,LDL and TG were detected by ELISA.Western blot analysis of PI3K,Akt,p-Akt protein expression and p-Akt/Akt in liver tissues.Results Compared with blank group and sham operation group,the body mass of rats in model group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),Lee's index was increased(P＜0.05),fat vacuoles appeared in liver,serum HDL level was decreased(P＜0.001),LDL and TG levels were increased(P＜0.01).PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,p-Akt/Akt were decreased in liver(P＜0.05).Compared with model group,body mass and Lee's index of rats in electroacupuncture group were decreased(P＜0.05),fat vacuoles in liver were decreased,HDL level was increased(P＜0.01),LDL and TG levels were decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),PI3K,Akt and P-Akt were decreased(P＜0.05),and p-akt/Akt decreased(P＜0.01).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at CV4 can significantly up-regulate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,improve lipid metabolism disorder and accumulation,and reduce body mass in OVX rats.