Objective: To analyze the relationship of gross motor skills and perceptual motor abilities with physical activity levels in preschool children in a Beijing kindergarten, so as to provide a reference for promoting the development of motor competence. Methods: From September 2018 to March 2021, preschoolers aged 4-5 years were selected using convenience sampling method from an urban kindergarten in Beijing. The Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Version(TGMD-3) was used to assess basic preschoolers s gross motor skills ( n =152). The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence(PMSC) was used to evaluate perceptual motor skills ( n =151). Accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X) were used to record physical activity levels ( n =52). Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The mean scores for gross motor skills and perceptual motor abilities were (38.76±13.48) and (35.49±6.50), respectively. The moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) level was(52.60±27.44) minutes per day. No statistically significant correlations were found between gross motor skills, perceptual motor abilities MVPA among boys, girls or the overall group ( r =-0.20 to 0.25, all P >0.05). However, Boys locomotor skills, overall children s locomotor skills, and boys gross motor skills were all positively correlated with MVPA( r =0.34-0.45, all P <0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between locomotor skills and physical activity levels in 4 to 5-year-old children.

[Objective]To promote the study of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu,to facilitate its use in the present day and to improve the clinical efficacy of dental diseases.[Methods]By comprehensively collating the dental theories of Jingyue Quanshu,a literature study was carried out on the etiology and pathogenesis,treatment,dosage forms and delivery methods,and preventive health care to summarize the theoretical perspectives and characteristics of the theories.[Results]Dialectically grasping the unity of opposites between local diseases and the overall diseases mechanism is the principle of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu.The etiology and mechanism of tooth is discussed from the three syndromes of fire,bacteria and kidney deficiency,highlighting the cause of internal injuries as well as the close connection between tooth and kidney,stomach,large intestine and spleen,especially with kidney and stomach.The three-dimensional treatment of dental diseases is combining overall treatment,local treatment,and overall with local treatment;attach great importance to external treatment,and external treatment drugs with the characteristics of more acrid heat drugs,more animal drugs,more mineral drugs,more poisons,and more salts;The application of moxibustion,a considerable number of external prescriptions for pungent and external prescriptions for tooth fixing,vividly illustrating the clinical application of treatment methods such as"remove pathogenic heat from the body"and"supplementing the viscera with the viscera".The dosage forms and delivery methods are varied,the concepts of dental care and tooth-fixing are unique,and the healthcare measures are diverse,practical,and effective.[Conclusion]Jingyue Quanshu is rich and distinctive in exposition of dental diseases,which is of great significance in guiding and enlightening later generations.It is worthy of study and should be valued as the primary reference material of traditional Chinese medical(TCM)stomatology.

Objective:To understand the prevalence of herpes zoster and its influencing factors in population in China, and provide reference for the development of herpes zoster prevention strategies.Methods:A survey was conducted in 27 868 study participants in 25 provinces in China from July to September 2024. The prevalence of herpes zoster was calculated, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors.Results:The overall prevalence of herpes zoster in population in China was 6.15% (95% CI: 5.87%-6.43%) and the weighted overall prevalence was 5.89% (95% CI: 5.61%-6.17%). The prevalence in women (6.74%, 95% CI: 6.32%-7.15%) was higher than that in men (5.56%, 95% CI: 5.18%-5.94%). The prevalence increased with age, and the prevalence was 1.33% (95% CI: 1.05%-1.62%) in age group 0-17 years and 12.95% (95% CI: 11.77%-14.13%) in age group ≥70 years. The prevalence in urban population (6.95%, 95% CI: 6.54%-7.37%) was higher than that in rural population (5.30%, 95% CI: 4.92%-5.67%). The prevalence varied in people with different educational levels and increased with the increase of educational level. The prevalence had significant differences among people with different income levels. The prevalence of herpes zoster in adults with chronic diseases (11.09%, 95% CI: 10.45%-11.72%) was higher than that in those without chronic diseases (4.60%, 95% CI: 4.24%-4.97%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for herpes zoster in women was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.15-1.42) times higher that in men. Older age, higher educational level, urban residence, and suffering from chronic diseases were all associated with increased risk for herpes zoster. Conclusions:The prevalence of herpes zoster was high in population in China. In the prevention and treatment of herpes zoster, it is necessary to take targeted protection measures for key populations, such as women, patients with chronic diseases, middle-aged and elderly people.

Objective:To explore the grouping and standard cost of malignant tumors chemotherapy patients under the diagnosis-intervention packet (DIP) system based on the decision tree model, for references for optimizing the detailed grouping scheme of this disease.Methods:The data of the first page of medical records of malignant tumors chemotherapy patients in a tertiary hospital in 2022 were collected. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients′ hospitalization expenses. The Chi squared automatic interaction detection was used to construct the decision tree model to obtain the case grouping scheme and its standard expenses. The coefficient of variation and chi-square test were used to evaluate the grouping effect.Results:A total of 27 235 patients were included in this study. The number of surgical operations, length of hospital stay, gender, the number of other diagnoses, chemotherapy pathways and targeted therapy were taken as classification nodes and included in the decision tree model. A total of 13 groups were formed. The homogeneity within the groups was good(CV<0.70), and the heterogeneity between the groups was strong( χ2= 9 564.65, P<0.001). Conclusions:Based on the decision tree model, the grouping scheme for chemotherapy cases of malignant tumors was established by comprehensively considering factors such as surgical operations within the group, length of hospital stay, other diagnostic and chemotherapy pathways is relatively reasonable, which could provide references for relevant management departments to optimize the detailed grouping scheme of this disease and formulate relevant payment standards.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of enteroscopy in the treatment of rare small intestinal diseases,including Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS),blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome(BRBNS),and cryptogenic multifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis(CMUSE),thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Patients with rare small intestinal diseases diagnosed and treated in the De-partment of Gastroenterology,Shanghai Changhai Hospital,from January 2020 to December 2024 were included.Detailed records of patients' general information,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,and endoscopic treatment data were collected and systematically analyzed.Results A total of 30 PJS patients un-derwent 88 small intestinalpolypectomies under enteroscopy,including 62 procedures via the oral approach(mean operative time:92.8±30.1 min;largest polyp diameter:2.9±1.2 cm)and 26 via the anal approach(95.0±29.4 min;1.9±1.3 cm).Six adverse events occurred in the oral approach group.Ten BRBNS patients received 26 endoscopic treatments(25 sclerosing agent injection under enteroscopy and 1 sclerosing agent injec-tion combined with ligation session),with a mean operative time of 68.1±17.4 min.Eleven intestinal venous aneurysms were ligated,and 4 adverse events were reported.Five CMUSE patients underwent 6 endoscopic treatments(5 samll intestinal stenosis balloon dilations and 1 samll intestinal stenosis incision),with no ad-verse events observed.Conclusions Small intestinal endoscopy is feasible,safe,and effective for treating rare small intestinal diseases such as PJS,BRBNS,and CMUSE.For PJS patients,the oral approach should be pri-oritized.Sclerosing agent injection under enteroscopy for intestinal venous aneurysms in BRBNS via small bowel endoscopy is safe and effective,though the safety of ligation of venous aneurysms under enteroscopy requires further investigation.Stenosis balloon dilation and incision under enteroscopy are both feasible options for CMUSE,and these two approaches can complement each other.

Background::An evidence gap still exists regarding the efficacy and safety of tegoprazan in patients with erosive esophagitis (EE) in China. This study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of tegoprazan vs. esomeprazole in patients with EE in China. Methods::This study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, active-controlled, non-inferiority phase III trial of patients with EE randomized 1:1 to tegoprazan 50 mg/day vs. esomeprazole 40 mg/day. This study was conducted in 32 sites between October 24, 2018 and October 18, 2019. The primary endpoint was the cumulative endoscopic healing rate at week 8. The secondary endpoint included endoscopic healing rate at week 4, changes in the reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ) and gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) scores, and symptom improvement. Results::A total of 261 patients were randomized: 132 to the tegoprazan group and 129 to the esomeprazole group. The cumulative endoscopic healing rate at 8 weeks in the tegoprazan group was non-inferior to that of the esomeprazole group (91.1% vs. 92.8%, difference: -1.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -8.5%, 5.0%, P = 0.008). There were no statistically significant differences in the changes in RDQ (total, severity, and frequency) and GERD-HRQL scores between the two groups (all P >0.05). The percentages of days without symptoms, including daytime and nighttime symptoms based on patients' diaries, were similar between the two groups (all P >0.05). In the tegoprazan and esomeprazole groups, 71.5% (93/130) and 61.7% (79/128) of the participants reported adverse events (AEs), 2.3% and 0 experienced serious AEs, while 70.0% and 60.2% had treatment-emergent AEs, respectively. Conclusion::Tegoprazan 50 mg/day demonstrated non-inferior efficacy in healing EE, symptom improvement, and quality of life, and it has similar tolerability compared with esomeprazole 40 mg/day.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of enteroscopy in the treatment of rare small intestinal diseases,including Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS),blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome(BRBNS),and cryptogenic multifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis(CMUSE),thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Patients with rare small intestinal diseases diagnosed and treated in the De-partment of Gastroenterology,Shanghai Changhai Hospital,from January 2020 to December 2024 were included.Detailed records of patients' general information,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,and endoscopic treatment data were collected and systematically analyzed.Results A total of 30 PJS patients un-derwent 88 small intestinalpolypectomies under enteroscopy,including 62 procedures via the oral approach(mean operative time:92.8±30.1 min;largest polyp diameter:2.9±1.2 cm)and 26 via the anal approach(95.0±29.4 min;1.9±1.3 cm).Six adverse events occurred in the oral approach group.Ten BRBNS patients received 26 endoscopic treatments(25 sclerosing agent injection under enteroscopy and 1 sclerosing agent injec-tion combined with ligation session),with a mean operative time of 68.1±17.4 min.Eleven intestinal venous aneurysms were ligated,and 4 adverse events were reported.Five CMUSE patients underwent 6 endoscopic treatments(5 samll intestinal stenosis balloon dilations and 1 samll intestinal stenosis incision),with no ad-verse events observed.Conclusions Small intestinal endoscopy is feasible,safe,and effective for treating rare small intestinal diseases such as PJS,BRBNS,and CMUSE.For PJS patients,the oral approach should be pri-oritized.Sclerosing agent injection under enteroscopy for intestinal venous aneurysms in BRBNS via small bowel endoscopy is safe and effective,though the safety of ligation of venous aneurysms under enteroscopy requires further investigation.Stenosis balloon dilation and incision under enteroscopy are both feasible options for CMUSE,and these two approaches can complement each other.

Objective:To understand the prevalence of herpes zoster and its influencing factors in population in China, and provide reference for the development of herpes zoster prevention strategies.Methods:A survey was conducted in 27 868 study participants in 25 provinces in China from July to September 2024. The prevalence of herpes zoster was calculated, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors.Results:The overall prevalence of herpes zoster in population in China was 6.15% (95% CI: 5.87%-6.43%) and the weighted overall prevalence was 5.89% (95% CI: 5.61%-6.17%). The prevalence in women (6.74%, 95% CI: 6.32%-7.15%) was higher than that in men (5.56%, 95% CI: 5.18%-5.94%). The prevalence increased with age, and the prevalence was 1.33% (95% CI: 1.05%-1.62%) in age group 0-17 years and 12.95% (95% CI: 11.77%-14.13%) in age group ≥70 years. The prevalence in urban population (6.95%, 95% CI: 6.54%-7.37%) was higher than that in rural population (5.30%, 95% CI: 4.92%-5.67%). The prevalence varied in people with different educational levels and increased with the increase of educational level. The prevalence had significant differences among people with different income levels. The prevalence of herpes zoster in adults with chronic diseases (11.09%, 95% CI: 10.45%-11.72%) was higher than that in those without chronic diseases (4.60%, 95% CI: 4.24%-4.97%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for herpes zoster in women was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.15-1.42) times higher that in men. Older age, higher educational level, urban residence, and suffering from chronic diseases were all associated with increased risk for herpes zoster. Conclusions:The prevalence of herpes zoster was high in population in China. In the prevention and treatment of herpes zoster, it is necessary to take targeted protection measures for key populations, such as women, patients with chronic diseases, middle-aged and elderly people.

[Objective]To promote the study of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu,to facilitate its use in the present day and to improve the clinical efficacy of dental diseases.[Methods]By comprehensively collating the dental theories of Jingyue Quanshu,a literature study was carried out on the etiology and pathogenesis,treatment,dosage forms and delivery methods,and preventive health care to summarize the theoretical perspectives and characteristics of the theories.[Results]Dialectically grasping the unity of opposites between local diseases and the overall diseases mechanism is the principle of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu.The etiology and mechanism of tooth is discussed from the three syndromes of fire,bacteria and kidney deficiency,highlighting the cause of internal injuries as well as the close connection between tooth and kidney,stomach,large intestine and spleen,especially with kidney and stomach.The three-dimensional treatment of dental diseases is combining overall treatment,local treatment,and overall with local treatment;attach great importance to external treatment,and external treatment drugs with the characteristics of more acrid heat drugs,more animal drugs,more mineral drugs,more poisons,and more salts;The application of moxibustion,a considerable number of external prescriptions for pungent and external prescriptions for tooth fixing,vividly illustrating the clinical application of treatment methods such as"remove pathogenic heat from the body"and"supplementing the viscera with the viscera".The dosage forms and delivery methods are varied,the concepts of dental care and tooth-fixing are unique,and the healthcare measures are diverse,practical,and effective.[Conclusion]Jingyue Quanshu is rich and distinctive in exposition of dental diseases,which is of great significance in guiding and enlightening later generations.It is worthy of study and should be valued as the primary reference material of traditional Chinese medical(TCM)stomatology.

Objective:To explore the grouping and standard cost of malignant tumors chemotherapy patients under the diagnosis-intervention packet (DIP) system based on the decision tree model, for references for optimizing the detailed grouping scheme of this disease.Methods:The data of the first page of medical records of malignant tumors chemotherapy patients in a tertiary hospital in 2022 were collected. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients′ hospitalization expenses. The Chi squared automatic interaction detection was used to construct the decision tree model to obtain the case grouping scheme and its standard expenses. The coefficient of variation and chi-square test were used to evaluate the grouping effect.Results:A total of 27 235 patients were included in this study. The number of surgical operations, length of hospital stay, gender, the number of other diagnoses, chemotherapy pathways and targeted therapy were taken as classification nodes and included in the decision tree model. A total of 13 groups were formed. The homogeneity within the groups was good(CV<0.70), and the heterogeneity between the groups was strong( χ2= 9 564.65, P<0.001). Conclusions:Based on the decision tree model, the grouping scheme for chemotherapy cases of malignant tumors was established by comprehensively considering factors such as surgical operations within the group, length of hospital stay, other diagnostic and chemotherapy pathways is relatively reasonable, which could provide references for relevant management departments to optimize the detailed grouping scheme of this disease and formulate relevant payment standards.