Objective: To investigate the status of antibiotic exposure in third grade primary school students in Shenzhen,so as to provide evidence for the scientific management of antibiotic use and reduction of population health risks. Methods: From 1 September to 30 October 2021, 200 third grade students from 8 primary schools in Luohu District of Shenzhen were selected by cluster random sampling as research subjects. The body composition was measured, urine samples were collected, and the contents of 35 antibiotics in the samples were detected by mass spectrometry. Relevant dietary habit information of the subjects was collected via questionnaires. The Chi square test was used to compare the detection rate of antibiotics among different genders and weight grades. The Logistic regression model was adopted to evaluate the correlation between the target antibiotic detection rate and dietary habits. Results: At least one type of antibiotic was detected in 198 of the subjects with an overall detection rate of 99.0% . Among the 35 target antibiotics, 23 were detected with detection rates ranging from 0.5%-69.5%. Quinolones had the highest detection rate of 86.5% , followed by macrolides and sulfonamides with detection rates of 77.5% and 76.5%, respectively. The detection rate of antibiotics was 98.3% in boys and 100.0% in girls with no statistically significant difference ( χ 2=1.35, P >0.05). The detection rates of quinolones, macrolides, and sulfonamides varied significantly among children with different BMI categories ( χ 2=38.18, 12.45, 9.76 , all P <0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that the macrolide detection rate was affected by genders( OR =0.42) and the sulfonamide detection rate was significantly correlated with the frequency of dairy product consumption and being overweight( OR =2.01)(both P <0.05). Enrofloxacin was associated with the weekly consumption frequency of livestock meat such as pork, beef and mutton, as well as the weekly consumption frequency of poultry meat such as chicken, duck and goose ( OR = 2.81,2.17,both P <0.05). Trimethoprim was associated with the weekly frequency of drinking pure milk ( OR =5.49, P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Third grade primary school students in Shenzhen are generally exposed to low dose antibiotics. Macrolides, quinolones, and sulfonamides may be associated with the risk of obesity in primary school students.

Objective: To investigate the development status and associated factors of social emotional competence(SEC) among disadvantaged children aged 3-6 in rural areas of Guangxi, so as to provide empirical evidence to address the negative impacts of their disadvantaged circumstance. Methods: In May 2025, using convenience sampling, a study was conducted with 1 426 children aged 3-6 from disadvantaged backgrounds attending 11 rural kindergartens in Guilin, Liuzhou, and Qinzhou, Guangxi. A self designed questionnaire was used to investigate children s personal basic information, family situation (parents education level, family structure, parent-child separation status, family poverty status, multiple disadvantaged situations, family function) and kindergarten situation. Social Emotional Learning Rating Form-Parent (SELRF-P) was used to assess their social emotional competence. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and multiple Logistic regression were applied for data classification and related factor analysis, respectively. Results: The social emotional competence of disadvantaged children was categorized into four groups: well adjusted group (4.77%, n =68), basically adjusted group (38.43%, n =548), potential risk group (25.11%, n =358), and high risk delayed development group (31.69%, n = 452). Multinomial Logistic regression analysis revealed that family poverty ( OR = 1.98 ), parental education level of high school/technical secondary school or below ( OR =2.89), non parental caregivers ( OR = 3.81 ), private and non model kindergartens ( OR =1.96, 3.52), younger age (3 or 4 years old) ( OR =2.61, 2.79), low family cohesion ( OR =4.05), weak family adaptability ( OR =3.95), and multiple disadvantages ( OR =2.35) were more likely to lead children into the high risk delayed group; children seperated from parents were more likely to fall into the potential risk group ( OR = 1.82), while children from divorced families were less likely to enter the basically adjusted group ( OR =0.45) (all P <0.05). Conclusions Social emotional competence among disadvantaged children aged 3-6 years in rural areas shows significant group heterogeneity. Age, specific types of disadvantage, family functioning, and kindergarten characteristics are the main related factors. Precise intervention measures should be paid to improve the social emotional developmental difficulties of various disadvantaged children.

Objective:To analyze the correlation and predictive value of obesity measurement indicators and cerebrovascular function scores in healthy physical examination population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional analysis that employed a simple random sampling method to select 3 496 individuals who underwent healthy physical examinations and cerebrovascular function tests at the Physical Examination Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January to December 2022. The general information, physical examination data, biochemical examination results, human component analyses, and cerebrovascular function integral data were collected. Based on cerebrovascular function scores, the participants were divided into high-risk group (0-24 points, 70 cases), medium-risk group (25-49 points, 317 cases), low-risk group (50-74 points, 787 cases), and normal group (≥75 points, 2 322 cases). Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were utilized to assess the correlation and predictive value of obesity measurement indicators and cerebrovascular function integrals.Results:Among the 3 496 subjects included in the analysis, 2 018 were male and 1 478 were female, with an average age of (46.4±7.9) years. The age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat ratio, body fat content, visceral fat area, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, homocysteine all exhibited an increasing trend as the cerebrovascular function integral value decreased (all P<0.05). The skeletal muscle content in the low-risk group was significantly higher than those in the high-risk group, medium-risk group, and normal group [45.00 (36.80, 50.60) vs 44.10 (36.98, 50.45), 44.50 (37.80, 50.20), and 42.75 (36.30, 48.60) kg, respectively] ( P<0.05). The triglyceride level in the medium-risk group was higher when compared to those in the high-risk group, low-risk group, and normal group[1.87 (1.29, 2.70) vs 1.71 (1.24, 2.80), 1.75 (1.18, 2.70), and 1.43 (1.00, 2.14) mmol/L] ( P<0.05). The high-density lipoprotein level in the normal group was higher than the high-risk group, medium-risk group, and low-risk group[1.26 (1.05, 1.51) vs 1.16 (0.94, 1.36), 1.15 (0.99, 1.39), and 1.16 (0.97, 1.39) mmol/L, respectively] ( P<0.05). The increases in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and body fat content were all moderately negatively correlated with the cerebrovascular function score ( rs=-0.347, -0.335, -0.370, and -0.340, respectively, all P<0.05). The increase in age ( OR=1.012, 95% CI: 1.002-1.022), systolic blood pressure ( OR=1.027, 95% CI: 1.017-1.036), diastolic blood pressure ( OR=1.028, 95% CI: 1.014-1.042), body mass index ( OR=1.157, 95% CI: 1.083-1.237), body fat rate ( OR=1.021, 95% CI: 1.007-1.035), and fasting blood glucose ( OR=1.072, 95% CI: 1.020-1.127) were all positively correlated with the decrease of the cerebrovascular function score; conversely, the increase in skeletal muscle content ( OR=0.967, 95% CI: 0.951-0.982) was negatively correlated with the decrease in cerebrovascular function score (all P<0.05). The area under the curve for the combined prediction of cerebrovascular function integral value by age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, body fat rate, skeletal muscle content, and fasting blood glucose was 0.754. Conclusions:As the body mass index and body fat content increase and the skeletal muscle content decreases in the healthy physical examination population, the likelihood of abnormal cerebrovascular function integral values rises; the combination of age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle content, and fasting blood glucose indicators can predict the increased risk of cerebrovascular function integral values.

Abstract With one of the highest rates of Internet penetration in the world, cyberbullying among students in Republic of Korea is typical and complex. The article interprets the characteristics of comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies aimed at cyberbullying among Republic of Korea students, and summarizes Republic of Korea s experience in building "government regulation with laws and policies in parallel, home-school governance with two way educational intervention, and social cogovernance with diversified collaborative empowerment". In recent years, comprehensive prevention and treatment of cyberbullying among students in China has achieved certain results, but there are still problems. It can learn from Republic of Korea s experience, optimize prevention and treatment system of China, improve laws and regulations, innovate technology empowerment systems, and give play to cultural education mechanisms, so as to promote the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cyberbullying among students in China.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the levels of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E with body fat mass percentage(FMP) as well as lifestyle factors among primary school students, so as to provide references for exploring the vitamin nutritional status of primary school students and its potential influencing factors. Methods: From September 1 to October 30, 2021, a cluster sampling method was used to select 750 thirdgrade students from eight primary schools in Luohu District, Shenzhen. Their body composition was measured, and blood samples were collected to detect the serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E using a mass spectrometer. Dietary and exercise habits were collected through questionnaires. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test were used for inter group comparisons, spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis,and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between lifestyle and vitamin content. Results: The overall level of vitamin A in school aged children was 0.4 (0.4, 0.5) mg/L, with a deficiency rate of 0 and a marginal deficiency rate of 5.1%; the level of vitamin D was 26.0 (22.0, 30.0) ng/mL, with a deficiency rate of 0.4% and an insufficiency rate of 12.7%; the content of vitamin E was 11.8 (10.1, 13.5) mg/L, with an insufficiency rate of 0.8%. Spearman correlation analysis showed that vitamin A was positively correlated with FMP in the total population, boys, girls, and normal weight population ( r =0.18, 0.18, 0.20, 0.10), and vitamin D was positively correlated with FMP in the total population and obese population ( r =0.08,0.16)(all P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that marginal deficiency of vitamin A was associated with consumption of animal, snack, and dairy/egg/bean foods ( OR =0.45, 0.55, 0.59); whether vitamin D was deficient was influenced by gender ( OR =2.65) and exercise ( OR = 1.96 ) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E levels are associated with body fat percentage, with significant variations in vitamin status among individuals of different body types, necessitating targeted supplementation.

Objective To explore the application effect of the"ASK-T"aspiration prevention management model in reducing the risk of aspiration in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)complicated by dysphagia.Methods 196 of 409 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted to the Respiratory Disease Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine,Higher Education Mega Center Hospital from July 2021 to June 2024 were selected as the study object,and 102 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted from July 2021 to December 2022 were set as the pre-improvement group.The patients in this group received the original nursing process and management mode of the department during hospitalization.94 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted from January 2023 to June 2024 were set as the improved group,and the patients in this group were introduced into the department and implemented an innovative improvement project:"ASK-T"anti-aspiration management mode and then received nursing management.Patients in both groups were observed and followed up for 4 weeks.The risk grade of aspiration,SSA score,DHI score,aspiration pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia,nutritional status and satisfaction after intervention were compared between the two groups.Result in the improved group was significantly lower than that in the pre-improvement group(P<0.05),and the SSA score,DHI score and total DHI score of patients in the 2 groups were significantly lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).The SSA score,DHI score and DHI total score in the improved group were lower than those in the pre-improved group(P<0.05).The results of 4-week follow-up showed that the scores of NRS-2002 for nutritional risk screening in 2 groups were lower than before intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of NRS-2002 for nutritional risk screening in the improved group were significantly lower than those in the pre-improvement group(P<0.05).The comparison showed that the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia in the improved group was lower than that in the pre-improved group(P<0.05),and the satisfaction score of patients with the relevant preventive measures was higher than that in the pre-improved group(P<0.05).Conclusion The"ASK-T"aspiration preven-tion management model,when applied in the nursing of elderly patients with COPD complicated by dysphagia,can significantly reduce the risk of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia,effectively improve patients' swallowing function and quality of life,and enhance their nutritional status.Furthermore,this model significantly improves patient satisfaction with intervention measures,providing a scientific and effective management strategy for clinical nursing of elderly patients with COPD complicated by dysphagia.It is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the correlation and predictive value of obesity measurement indicators and cerebrovascular function scores in healthy physical examination population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional analysis that employed a simple random sampling method to select 3 496 individuals who underwent healthy physical examinations and cerebrovascular function tests at the Physical Examination Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January to December 2022. The general information, physical examination data, biochemical examination results, human component analyses, and cerebrovascular function integral data were collected. Based on cerebrovascular function scores, the participants were divided into high-risk group (0-24 points, 70 cases), medium-risk group (25-49 points, 317 cases), low-risk group (50-74 points, 787 cases), and normal group (≥75 points, 2 322 cases). Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were utilized to assess the correlation and predictive value of obesity measurement indicators and cerebrovascular function integrals.Results:Among the 3 496 subjects included in the analysis, 2 018 were male and 1 478 were female, with an average age of (46.4±7.9) years. The age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat ratio, body fat content, visceral fat area, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, homocysteine all exhibited an increasing trend as the cerebrovascular function integral value decreased (all P<0.05). The skeletal muscle content in the low-risk group was significantly higher than those in the high-risk group, medium-risk group, and normal group [45.00 (36.80, 50.60) vs 44.10 (36.98, 50.45), 44.50 (37.80, 50.20), and 42.75 (36.30, 48.60) kg, respectively] ( P<0.05). The triglyceride level in the medium-risk group was higher when compared to those in the high-risk group, low-risk group, and normal group[1.87 (1.29, 2.70) vs 1.71 (1.24, 2.80), 1.75 (1.18, 2.70), and 1.43 (1.00, 2.14) mmol/L] ( P<0.05). The high-density lipoprotein level in the normal group was higher than the high-risk group, medium-risk group, and low-risk group[1.26 (1.05, 1.51) vs 1.16 (0.94, 1.36), 1.15 (0.99, 1.39), and 1.16 (0.97, 1.39) mmol/L, respectively] ( P<0.05). The increases in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and body fat content were all moderately negatively correlated with the cerebrovascular function score ( rs=-0.347, -0.335, -0.370, and -0.340, respectively, all P<0.05). The increase in age ( OR=1.012, 95% CI: 1.002-1.022), systolic blood pressure ( OR=1.027, 95% CI: 1.017-1.036), diastolic blood pressure ( OR=1.028, 95% CI: 1.014-1.042), body mass index ( OR=1.157, 95% CI: 1.083-1.237), body fat rate ( OR=1.021, 95% CI: 1.007-1.035), and fasting blood glucose ( OR=1.072, 95% CI: 1.020-1.127) were all positively correlated with the decrease of the cerebrovascular function score; conversely, the increase in skeletal muscle content ( OR=0.967, 95% CI: 0.951-0.982) was negatively correlated with the decrease in cerebrovascular function score (all P<0.05). The area under the curve for the combined prediction of cerebrovascular function integral value by age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, body fat rate, skeletal muscle content, and fasting blood glucose was 0.754. Conclusions:As the body mass index and body fat content increase and the skeletal muscle content decreases in the healthy physical examination population, the likelihood of abnormal cerebrovascular function integral values rises; the combination of age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle content, and fasting blood glucose indicators can predict the increased risk of cerebrovascular function integral values.

Objective To explore the application effect of the"ASK-T"aspiration prevention management model in reducing the risk of aspiration in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)complicated by dysphagia.Methods 196 of 409 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted to the Respiratory Disease Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine,Higher Education Mega Center Hospital from July 2021 to June 2024 were selected as the study object,and 102 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted from July 2021 to December 2022 were set as the pre-improvement group.The patients in this group received the original nursing process and management mode of the department during hospitalization.94 COPD patients with aspiration risk admitted from January 2023 to June 2024 were set as the improved group,and the patients in this group were introduced into the department and implemented an innovative improvement project:"ASK-T"anti-aspiration management mode and then received nursing management.Patients in both groups were observed and followed up for 4 weeks.The risk grade of aspiration,SSA score,DHI score,aspiration pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia,nutritional status and satisfaction after intervention were compared between the two groups.Result in the improved group was significantly lower than that in the pre-improvement group(P<0.05),and the SSA score,DHI score and total DHI score of patients in the 2 groups were significantly lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).The SSA score,DHI score and DHI total score in the improved group were lower than those in the pre-improved group(P<0.05).The results of 4-week follow-up showed that the scores of NRS-2002 for nutritional risk screening in 2 groups were lower than before intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of NRS-2002 for nutritional risk screening in the improved group were significantly lower than those in the pre-improvement group(P<0.05).The comparison showed that the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia in the improved group was lower than that in the pre-improved group(P<0.05),and the satisfaction score of patients with the relevant preventive measures was higher than that in the pre-improved group(P<0.05).Conclusion The"ASK-T"aspiration preven-tion management model,when applied in the nursing of elderly patients with COPD complicated by dysphagia,can significantly reduce the risk of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia,effectively improve patients' swallowing function and quality of life,and enhance their nutritional status.Furthermore,this model significantly improves patient satisfaction with intervention measures,providing a scientific and effective management strategy for clinical nursing of elderly patients with COPD complicated by dysphagia.It is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice.

Performance appraisal of public hospitals have given a guidance for the development of public hospitals at all levels.A Class A tertiary hospital reviewed the problems in the development of the hospital at the present stage and focused on the following four aspects:①insufficient fine management;②No clear orientation of discipline development;③The bottleneck of the improvement of medical operation efficiency;④New challenges in the reform of payment mode.The tertiary hospital launched a fine management practice in May 2022,in order to solve the problems by taking the Department of Surgery as a pilot area,laying the foundation for fine management through information system construction,improving the efficiency of medical operation through management process optimization,improving the overall competitiveness of disciplines through the construction of sub-specialty and Discipline Alliance and adjusting the performance appraisal index system to play the role of performance incentives.The measures effectively improve the overall capacity and efficiency of hospital medical services and help the hospital to achieve high-quality development.

Objective:To describe the prevalence of daytime nap habit in participants of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, across 10 study regions and explore its correlation with prevalence of major chronic diseases.Methods:Participants with a self-reported pre-diagnosis of any cancer at baseline survey were excluded. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the differences in study regions and age distribution of the prevalence daytime nap habit, and its correlation with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic liver diseases.Results:Among 510 145 participants, 39.9% had daytime nap habit in summer and 20.8% had daytime nap habit all the year round. Urban-rural differences were observed in the prevalence of summer nap habit and perennial nap habit. Daytime nap in summer was common in rural areas and Suzhou, with prevalence ranged from 32.9% to 73.3%. Haikou and Liuzhou had higher prevalence of perennial nap (60.4% and 63.3%). The proportion of people with daytime nap habit all the year round increased with age ( P for trend <0.001), the proportion was highest in those aged 70- years (31.9%). Daytime nap habit in summer was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, CHD and chronic liver disease with OR of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.14), 1.03 (95% CI:1.02-1.05), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.12) and 1.07 (95% CI:1.00-1.14), respectively. Daytime nap habit all the year round was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, CHD, stroke, COPD and chronic liver disease with OR of 1.33 (95% CI: 1.29-1.37), 1.11 (95% CI: 1.09-1.13), 1.39 (95% CI: 1.33-1.45), 1.33 (95% CI: 1.26-1.41), 1.12 (95% CI: 1.08-1.16) and 1.27 (95% CI:1.18-1.37) respectively. Conclusion:There were regional and age differences in prevalence of daytime nap habit among CKB participants. Daytime nap habit, especially daytime nap habit all the year round, was positively correlated with the prevalence of major chronic diseases.