Objective:To explore the spousal correlations of total cholesterol(TC),total triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and to investigate the reasons behind these spousal correlations.Methods:Participants and data were from the baseline survey of family-based cohort studies in Fangshan,Beijing and Tulou,Fujian.The ori-gin of spousal correlations were explored from perspectives of convergence,assortative mating,social ho-mogamy.Pearson's correlation and generalized linear models(GLM)were used to estimate the spousal correlation.Convergence was assessed by Pearson's correlation between the phenotypic differences be-tween couples and the duration of marriage,with GLM used for further validation.Pearson's correlation of genetic risk scores(GRS)and couple-specific Mendelian randomization(MR)were calculated to assess the genetic correlation and possible causal relationships between spouses.Two-independent-sample t-tests were used to compare GRS consistency across subgroups divided by education attainment,couple-specific MR and Q statistics used to test assortative mating in subgroups and intergroup differences.Results:In the study,342 couples(287 couples from Fangshan and 55 couples from Fujian)were included,with the average age of(64.91±8.76)years.Spousal correlations of TC,TG,HDL-C,and LDL-C showed statistically significant associations both before and after adjusting for covariates,with effect sizes of 0.229(95％CI:0.125-0.327),0.257(95％CI:0.155-0.354),0.179(95％CI:0.074-0.280),and 0.181(95％CI:0.076-0.282).For convergence,for each additional year of marriage,ΔTC increased by 0.016 mmol/L(95％CI:0.001-0.033 mmol/L),and ΔLDL-C increased by 0.017 mmol/L(95％CI:0.002-0.031 mmol/L).For assortative mating,GRS correlations and results of couple specific MR didn't show any statistical significance.For social homogamy,no differences in GRS or assortative mating were found between subgroups stratified by education attainment.Conclusion:The blood lipid in participants exhibit spousal phenotypic correlations,however,no effects of convergence,assortative mating or social homogamy were observed.More independent studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to further validate these findings in the future.

Objective:To explore the spousal correlations of total cholesterol(TC),total triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and to investigate the reasons behind these spousal correlations.Methods:Participants and data were from the baseline survey of family-based cohort studies in Fangshan,Beijing and Tulou,Fujian.The ori-gin of spousal correlations were explored from perspectives of convergence,assortative mating,social ho-mogamy.Pearson's correlation and generalized linear models(GLM)were used to estimate the spousal correlation.Convergence was assessed by Pearson's correlation between the phenotypic differences be-tween couples and the duration of marriage,with GLM used for further validation.Pearson's correlation of genetic risk scores(GRS)and couple-specific Mendelian randomization(MR)were calculated to assess the genetic correlation and possible causal relationships between spouses.Two-independent-sample t-tests were used to compare GRS consistency across subgroups divided by education attainment,couple-specific MR and Q statistics used to test assortative mating in subgroups and intergroup differences.Results:In the study,342 couples(287 couples from Fangshan and 55 couples from Fujian)were included,with the average age of(64.91±8.76)years.Spousal correlations of TC,TG,HDL-C,and LDL-C showed statistically significant associations both before and after adjusting for covariates,with effect sizes of 0.229(95％CI:0.125-0.327),0.257(95％CI:0.155-0.354),0.179(95％CI:0.074-0.280),and 0.181(95％CI:0.076-0.282).For convergence,for each additional year of marriage,ΔTC increased by 0.016 mmol/L(95％CI:0.001-0.033 mmol/L),and ΔLDL-C increased by 0.017 mmol/L(95％CI:0.002-0.031 mmol/L).For assortative mating,GRS correlations and results of couple specific MR didn't show any statistical significance.For social homogamy,no differences in GRS or assortative mating were found between subgroups stratified by education attainment.Conclusion:The blood lipid in participants exhibit spousal phenotypic correlations,however,no effects of convergence,assortative mating or social homogamy were observed.More independent studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to further validate these findings in the future.

Objective:To assess the association between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and arterial stiffness and whether obesity modifies these associations.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted based on Fangshan family cohort in Beijing. The 24 hours average air pollutant levels on the day cohort participants took baseline survey were calculated as short-term air pollution. A generalized additive model (GAM) with Gaussian links was used to estimate changes in typical carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BAPWV), pulse pressure (PP) and ankle-branchial index (ABI) after short-term exposure to each air pollution (PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, NO 2, CO). The cross-product terms of each air pollution, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio were included in the GAM model to test the interaction. Further, they conducted a stratified analysis to test their effects on the relationship between short-term exposure to each air pollution and the arterial stiffness indicators. Results:A total of 4 211 individuals were included in the analysis. Individuals' age was (58.9±8.7) years, of which 2 268 (53.9%) were female. Several covariates, including sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and history of drugs, were included in the analysis. The results of the GAM analysis showed that an increase in PM 2.5 ( β=2.912×10 -4, 95% CI: 1.424×10 -4-4.400×10 -4, P<0.001), CO ( β=0.027, 95% CI: 0.011-0.043, P<0.001), SO 2 ( β=2.070×10 -3, 95% CI: 7.060×10 -4-3.430×10 -3, P=0.003), and NO 2 ( β=3.650×10 -4, 95% CI: 2.340×10 -5-7.060×10 -4, P=0.036) were associated with an increase in CIMT, while an increase in PM 10 ( β=0.018, 95% CI: 0.002-0.033, P=0.028) was associated with an increase in PP in the study population. Besides, the waist-to-hip ratio had an effect-modification on the correlation of short-term exposure of PM 2.5 (interaction P=0.015), NO 2 (interaction P=0.008), and CO (interaction P=0.044) with CIMT, and the correlation between short-term exposure of PM 2.5 (interaction P=0.002), NO 2 (interaction P=0.010), CO (interaction P=0.029), PM 10 (interaction P<0.001) with PP. The significant association between CIMT, PP, and air pollution concentrations was more visible in people with lower waist-to-hip ratios. Conclusions:Short-term ambient air pollution exposure was associated with arterial stiffness indicators, and there was an effect modification of waist-to-hip ratio on these associations, and lower waist-to-hip ratios may enhance the association between air pollution exposure and indicators.

Objective To investigate the clinical curative effect of α-lipoic acid combined with lipid microsphere alprostadil in treating elderly early diabetic kidney disease .Methods One hundred and sixty-four cases of early diabetic kidney disease treated in this hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the random number table method ,82 cases in each group .The control group was given lipid microsphere alpros-tadil ,while on this basis the experimental group was added with α-lipoic acid .The various biochemical indexes ,clinical efficacy and subcutaneous bruising ,fundus event occurrence were compared between the two groups .Results The levels of U-RBP and NAG after treatment in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with before treatment ,the difference was statistically sig-nificant (P<0 .05) .Although other indicators such as serum Scr ,BUN ,CysC andβ2-MG had different degrees of decline ,but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .The effective rate in the experimental group was 91 .46% ,which was signifi-cantly higher than 78 .05% in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Subcutaneous bruising and fundus events in the experiment group had the increasing trend ,but the difference between the two groups had no statistical signifi-cance (P>0 .05) .Conclusion α-lipoic acid combined with lipid microsphere alprostadil in treating elderly early diabetic kidney dis-ease can better improve glomerular and renal tubular function .

OBJECTIVETo verify the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for female stress urinary incontinence (SU).

METHODSForty-two patients were randomly divided into an observation group(20 cases) and a control group (22 cases). EA at Zhongliao (BL 33) and Huiyang (BL 35) was used in the observation group. Sham acupuncture at non meridian points, one can beside Zhongliao (BL 33) and Huiyang (BL 35), was applied, and placebo EA was adopted in the control group. Treatment with needle retained for 30 min a time was given once every other day and three times a week for continuous six weeks in the two groups. Urinary and reproductive simple score (UDI),visual analogue scale (VAS) and the frequency of nocturnal enuresis were observed before treatment, at the second, forth and sixth week of treatment in the two groups, and the efficacy was compared.

RESULTSThe effective rates of the observation group were 80.0% (16/20), 95.0% (19/20) and 95.0% (19/20), which were better than 40.9% (9/22), 31.8% (7/22) and 27.3% (6/22) of the control group at the second, forth and sixth week of treatment. The differences were statistically significant between the two groups (all P < 0.05). After treatment in the observation group, the results of UDI, VAS and frequency of nocturnal enuresis were improved compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05). Along with treatment, all indices were gradually improved, and the change at the sixth week was the most obvious in observation group. The results of the observation group were better than those of the control group at all times (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA achieves obvious effect for female SUI, and effectively improves the lower urinary trace symptoms, the degree of urinary incontinence and the frequency of nocturnal enuresis. The effect becomes increasingly better along with treatment within six weeks.

Acupuncture Points ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urination