Objective: To establish a prenatal non-invasive method for combined detection of fetal ABO, RhD, and RhCE blood group genotypes based on fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) technology, and to evaluate its clinical value in the early prenatal diagnosis of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Methods: A total of 200 high-risk singleton pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were prospectively enrolled. They were divided into four groups: the ABO incompatibility group (n=100), the RhD incompatibility group (n=50), the RhCE incompatibility group (n=50), and the control group (n=200). FQ-PCR technology was used to detect cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) in maternal plasma, targeting the ABO system (261delG, 796C>A), exons 5/7 of the RHD gene, and the key loci of RhCE system (C/c, E/e). After delivery, the blood group of newborn was verified by serological testing of umbilical cord blood., and the hemolysis panel tests (direct antiglobulin test, free antibody test, and antibody release test) were performed to evaluate the detection consistency and identify high-risk factors. Results: The detection coincidence rates for ABO, RhD, and RhCE blood groups were 98.0% (98/100), 100.0% (50/50), and 96.0% (48/50), respectively. The incidence of HDFN in the ABO incompatibility group was 69.0% (69/100), which is significantly higher than that in the RhD incompatibility group (10.0%, 5/50) and the RhCE incompatibility group (2.0%, 1/50). Multivariate analysis identified maternal blood type O (OR=3.021), maternal RhD-negative (OR=5.253), and maternal age ≥35 years (OR=1.950) as independent risk factors for HDFN (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal non-invasive combined detection of multiple blood group antigen genotypes can significantly improve the efficiency of early diagnosis of HDFN and provide accurate early warning for high-risk pregnant women.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of atypical forms of microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix (AMGH).Methods:A total of 29 cases of AMGH diagnosed at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 2010 to December 2024 were analyzed. Relevant clinical and pathological data of the patients were collected using the electronic medical record system and medical records copied from the outside hospitals. The patients were followed up.Results:Among the 29 cases, 28 were consultation cases, 22 (79%) of the 28 cases were considered as glandular neoplastic lesions by the original institutions. The nature of the lesion was uncertain in 1 case, the diagnosis was suspicious for AMGH in another 1 case, and only 4 cases were clearly diagnosed as AMGH. The median age of the 29 patients was 44 (43, 48) years. Eighteen (62%) of the 29 cases presented as cervical polyp. Twelve of the 16 tested cases were negative for human papillomavirus. The pathological presentation was complex and diverse, including solid, trabecular, cribriform, and papillary patterns, forming pseudo-invasive structures. The glandular epithelium and proliferating reserve cells had diverse morphologies, which presented with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm or clear cytoplasm. Signet-ring or hobnail cells were also seen. The nuclear atypia was mild, with 0-7 mitotic figures per 10 HPF. Immature squamous metaplasia was noted. The stroma showed edema, myxoid change and hyaline degeneration, accompanied by infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that p16 was negative in 8/16 of the cases or patchy positive in the other 8/16, Ki-67 positive rate was less than 10% in all 16 cases, p53 was wild phenotype (9/9), and carcinoembryonic antigen was negative in 4/5 cases and focally positive in 1/5 cases, while p63 was positive in 6/9 of the tested cases.Conclusions:AMGH is a benign non-neoplastic lesion of the cervical glands. Half of the cases occur in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women, often presenting as polypoid hyperplasia or localized cervical thickening/elevation with a friable, fragile texture. Microscopically, it may show a pseudoinvasive pattern, making it prone to misdiagnosis as a malignant lesion. Thus, differentiation from cervical adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and microglandular endometrioid carcinoma is required. Integration of clinical history, immunohistochemistry and molecular testing may aid in the differential diagnosis.

This case involves a 53-year-old female patient who underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement and has been on long-term warfarin anticoagulant therapy,subsequently developed diffuse ecchymoses of the limbs and progressive both lower extremities swelling after she self-adjusted her warfarin dosage from 3 mg to 6 mg daily over 5 consecutive days.After admission,the patient's international normalized ratio was 12.71,and creatine kinase level was 1,989.47 U·L-1,which led to the diagnosis of coagulopathy and rhabdomyolysis due to warfarin overdose.Following discontinuation of warfarin and initiation of fluid resuscitation therapy,the patient's creatine kinase levels returned to normal after 6 d.Thiscase underscores the necessity of refining long-term warfarin management strategies and enhancing patient education to improve medication adherence and ensure both the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation therapy.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of atypical forms of microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix (AMGH).Methods:A total of 29 cases of AMGH diagnosed at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 2010 to December 2024 were analyzed. Relevant clinical and pathological data of the patients were collected using the electronic medical record system and medical records copied from the outside hospitals. The patients were followed up.Results:Among the 29 cases, 28 were consultation cases, 22 (79%) of the 28 cases were considered as glandular neoplastic lesions by the original institutions. The nature of the lesion was uncertain in 1 case, the diagnosis was suspicious for AMGH in another 1 case, and only 4 cases were clearly diagnosed as AMGH. The median age of the 29 patients was 44 (43, 48) years. Eighteen (62%) of the 29 cases presented as cervical polyp. Twelve of the 16 tested cases were negative for human papillomavirus. The pathological presentation was complex and diverse, including solid, trabecular, cribriform, and papillary patterns, forming pseudo-invasive structures. The glandular epithelium and proliferating reserve cells had diverse morphologies, which presented with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm or clear cytoplasm. Signet-ring or hobnail cells were also seen. The nuclear atypia was mild, with 0-7 mitotic figures per 10 HPF. Immature squamous metaplasia was noted. The stroma showed edema, myxoid change and hyaline degeneration, accompanied by infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that p16 was negative in 8/16 of the cases or patchy positive in the other 8/16, Ki-67 positive rate was less than 10% in all 16 cases, p53 was wild phenotype (9/9), and carcinoembryonic antigen was negative in 4/5 cases and focally positive in 1/5 cases, while p63 was positive in 6/9 of the tested cases.Conclusions:AMGH is a benign non-neoplastic lesion of the cervical glands. Half of the cases occur in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women, often presenting as polypoid hyperplasia or localized cervical thickening/elevation with a friable, fragile texture. Microscopically, it may show a pseudoinvasive pattern, making it prone to misdiagnosis as a malignant lesion. Thus, differentiation from cervical adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and microglandular endometrioid carcinoma is required. Integration of clinical history, immunohistochemistry and molecular testing may aid in the differential diagnosis.

This case involves a 53-year-old female patient who underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement and has been on long-term warfarin anticoagulant therapy,subsequently developed diffuse ecchymoses of the limbs and progressive both lower extremities swelling after she self-adjusted her warfarin dosage from 3 mg to 6 mg daily over 5 consecutive days.After admission,the patient's international normalized ratio was 12.71,and creatine kinase level was 1,989.47 U·L-1,which led to the diagnosis of coagulopathy and rhabdomyolysis due to warfarin overdose.Following discontinuation of warfarin and initiation of fluid resuscitation therapy,the patient's creatine kinase levels returned to normal after 6 d.Thiscase underscores the necessity of refining long-term warfarin management strategies and enhancing patient education to improve medication adherence and ensure both the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation therapy.

A 22-year-old male self-administered Huoxiang Zhengqi liquid(10 mL,bid)orally due to abdominal pain and diarrhea.The symptoms improved significantly on the same day.Palpitations occurred about 30 minutes after 10 mL Huoxiang Zhengqi Liuquid administration in the morning and afternoon of the next day and in the morning of the third day,respectively,which was spontaneously relieved.Electrocardiogram showed that multiple arrhythmias alternated,including disordered atrial rhythm,paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,frequent premature ventricular contractions,junctional premature contractions,atrioventricular block,and sinus bradycardia.After admission,the patient was given electrocardiography monitoring,polarizing fluid,verapamil injection,and other treatment methods to relieve symptoms,after 12 days of treatment,the patient's condition improved,and the electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm.This case suggests that as an over-the-counter drug,the safety of Huoxiang Zhengqi liquid should be paid more attention by clinic and public.If patients manifest palpitation symptoms while using Huoxiang Zhengqi liquid,it is imperative to consider the potential for drug-induced serious arrhythmia and get medical treatment promptly.

Objective To explore the mechanism by which puerarin alleviates the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in myocardial cells. Methods Cells in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into normal control group,model group,low-(20 mmol·L-1),medium-(40 mmol·L-1) and high-(80 mmol·L-1) dose puerarin groups,and positive control group(captopril,1 mmol·L-1). Except for the normal control group,the other groups were co-incubated with 5 mmol·L-1 doxorubicin. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. ROS levels were detected using a ROS probe. Autophagy flux was detected by transfection with HBAD-mcherry-EGFP-LC3 adenovirus. Western Blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of Beclin-1,LC3,p62,p-AMPKα,and AMPKα. Lysosomal function was assessed using a lysosomal probe. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the relative intensity and co-localization of ASMase and LAMP1. Molecular docking analysis was performed to predict the binding capacity of PUE with ASMase. Differential gene expression was analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis. Results Compared to the normal control group,the model group showed reduced cell viability (P<0.01),increased release levels of LDH and ROS (P<0.05,P<0.01),increased number of autophagosomes (P<0.01),and decreased number of autophagic lysosomes (P<0.05). Beclin-1 protein expression and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio decreased(P<0.01),but p62 protein expression increased(P<0.01). Fluorescence intensity of lysosome decreased(P<0.01),whereas fluorescence intensity of ASMase increased(P<0.01). Immunofluorescence co-localization of ASMase and LAMP1 increased (P<0.01),the ratio of p-AMPKα/AMPKα decreased(P<0.05). Compared to the model group,the high-dose puerarin group showed a rebound in cell viability (P<0.05). The medium-and high-dose puerarin groups showed a decreasing trend in LDH level (P<0.05),and all puerarin groups showed a decreasing trend in ROS level (P<0.01). The number of autophagosomes in high-dose puerarin group reduced (P<0.01). The number of autophagic lysosomes in all puerarin groups increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). The high-dose puerarin group showed increased expression of Beclin-1 (P<0.05) and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio,and decreased p62 expression (P<0.01). All puerarin groups showed increased lysosomal fluorescence intensity (P<0.05,P<0.01). The medium-and high-dose puerarin groups showed a decrease in ASMase fluorescence intensity(P<0.05),a reduction in the immunofluorescence co-localization of ASMase with LAMP1 (P<0.01),and an increase in the p-AMPKα/AMPKα ratio (P<0.01). Molecular docking analysis discovered puerarin showed a binding energy of-8.6 kcal·mol-1 with ASMase. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes in the doxorubicin cardiotoxicity model were related to apoptosis,autophagy,and lysosomal function. Conclusion Puerarin can alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in myocardial cells and protect myocardial cells by regulating autophagy through AMPK/ASMase,as well as restoring autophagic flux.

Since the implementation of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health in November 2007, it has played an extremely important role in protecting the occupational health of radiation workers. There are more than 700 000 radiation workers in about 100 000 workplaces with potential radiation exposure, as well as a large number of miners exposed to high levels of radon. As the radiation health monitoring project suggests, measures of occupational health management such as personal dose monitoring and occupational health examination of radiation workers have been widely implemented and achieved good results in the protection of radiation workers. However, the risks of chromosomal aberration and specific turbidity of the eye lens of radiation workers have increased in high-risk positions such as interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, and industrial flaw detection. The control of high radon exposure in miners needs to be strengthened. It is necessary to adapt to the new situation in view of new challenges and actively promote the revision of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health, so as to further improve the occupational health management of radiation workers in China.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in very preterm infants(VPI), and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of BPD in VPI.Methods:A prospective multicenter study was designed to collect the clinical data of VPI in department of neonatology of 28 hospitals in 7 regions from September 2019 to December 2020.According to the continuous oxygen dependence at 28 days after birth, VPI were divided into non BPD group and BPD group, and the risk factors of BPD in VPI were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 514 cases of VPI including 1 364 cases without BPD and 1 150 cases with BPD were enrolled.The incidence of BPD was 45.7%.The smaller the gestational age and weight, the higher the incidence of BPD( P<0.001). Compared with non BPD group, the average birth age, weight and cesarean section rate in BPD group were lower, and the incidence of male infants, small for gestational age and 5-minute apgar score≤7 were higher( P<0.01). In BPD group, the incidences of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, feeding intolerance, extrauterine growth restriction, grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ intracranial hemorrhage, anemia, early-onset and late-onset sepsis, nosocomial infection, parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis were higher( P<0.05), the use of pulmonary surfactant(PS), postnatal hormone exposure, anemia and blood transfusion were also higher, and the time of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, oxygen use and total hospital stay were longer( P<0.001). The time of starting enteral nutrition, cumulative fasting days, days of reaching total enteral nutrition, days of continuous parenteral nutrition, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) total calorie, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) oral calorie were longer and the breastfeeding rate was lower in BPD group than those in non BPD group( P<0.001). The cumulative doses of amino acid and fat emulsion during the first week of hospitalization were higher in BPD group( P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NRDS, invasive mechanical ventilation, age of reaching total enteral nutrition, anemia and blood transfusion were the independent risk factors for BPD in VPI, and older gestational age was the protective factor for BPD. Conclusion:Strengthening perinatal management, avoiding premature delivery and severe NRDS, shortening the time of invasive mechanical ventilation, paying attention to enteral nutrition management, reaching whole intestinal feeding as soon as possible, and strictly mastering the indications of blood transfusion are very important to reduce the incidence of BPD in VPI.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between plasma microRNA (miR)-122, miR-33a and the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary heart disease.Methods:The clinical data of 196 patients with T2DM from January 2019 to October 2021 in Xuzhou First People′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 81 cases were complicated with coronary heart disease (combined group), 115 cases were not complicated with coronary heart disease (control group). The plasma levels of miR-122 and miR-33a were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the plasma level of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In combined group, the number of coronary artery lesions was determined according to the results of coronary angiography, and Gensini score was evaluated. Linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between plasma miR-122, miR-33a and NT-proBNP levels with the incidence of coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the plasma miR-122 and miR-33a in predicting efficiency of coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM. In combined group, Spearman correlation method was used to analyze the relationship between plasma miR-122, miR-33a and the number of coronary artery lesions, and Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the relationship between plasma miR-122, miR-33a and plasma NT proBNP, Gensini score.Results:The plasma miR-122, miR-33a and NT-proBNP in combined group were significantly higher than those in control group: 5.76 ± 1.35 vs. 1.18 ± 0.33, 1.39 ± 0.37 vs. 0.65 ± 0.11 and (786.87 ± 156.39) ng/L vs. (103.45 ± 19.27) ng/L respectively, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Linear regression result showed that plasma miR-122, miR-33a, and NT-proBNP were positive correlation with occurrence of coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM ( P<0.01); ROC curve analysis result showed that the area under curve of plasma miR-122, miR-33a and combination in predicting coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM were 0.816, 0.845 and 0.912 respectively (95% CI 0.744 to 0.865, 0.768 to 0.892 and 0.836 to 0.967). Coronary angiography result showed that there were 46 cases of single vessel lesions, 25 cases of double vessel lesions and 10 cases of three vessel lesions. The plasma miR-122, miR-33a, NT-proBNP and Gensini score in patients with three vessel lesions were significantly higher than those in patients with double vessel lesions and patients with single vessel lesions: 6.52 ± 0.96 vs. 4.95 ± 0.85 and 3.74 ± 0.52, 1.45 ± 0.31 vs. 1.06 ± 0.25 and 0.81 ± 0.13, (829.78 ± 62.59) ng/L vs. (627.48 ± 47.12) and (502.64 ± 38.24) ng/L, (63.89 ± 12.71) scores vs. (42.18 ± 6.03) and (22.36 ± 2.41) scores, the indexes in patients with double vessel lesions were significantly higher than those in patients with single vessel lesions, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). In combined group, Spearman correlation analysis result showed that the plasma miR-122 and miR-33a were positive correlation with the number of coronary artery lesions ( r = 0.879 and 0.825, P<0.05); Pearson correlation analysis result showed that the plasma miR-122 and miR-33a were positive correlation with the plasma NT-proBNP and Gensini score (miR-122: r = 0.896 and 0.788, miR-33a: r = 0.871 and 0.765; P<0.05). Conclusions:The plasma levels of miR-122 and miR-33a are related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with T2DM, which may be used to guide the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM.