Objective To evaluate the application value of soluble leukocyte differentiation antigen 14-sub-type(sCD14-ST),soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(sTREM-1)and blood routine in the diagnosis of bacterial bloodstream infections,and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 148 patients who received medical treatment and underwent physical examinations at the General Hospital of Central Theater Command and Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Among them,48 patients with positive blood bacterial cultures were classified as the bloodstream infection group.Fifty patients with negative blood culture but positive bacterial culture results in sputum,urine,stool,purulent secretions and other sam-ples were taken as the local infection group,and 50 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were taken as the control group.The levels of serum sCD14-ST and sTREM-1 in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the efficacy of indicators such as sCD14-ST,sTREM-1 and blood routine in diagnosing bacterial bloodstream infections.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of white blood cells(WBC),neutrophils(N),monocytes,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR),monocyte/lymphocyte ratio,platelet/lymphocyte ratio,sTREM-1 and sCD14-ST in the bloodstream infection group and the local infection group were significantly in-creased,while the level of lymphocytes was significantly decreased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of WBC,N and NLR in diagnosing bacterial bloodstream infections was>0.6,indicating good diagnostic efficacy for bacterial bloodstream infections.The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of sCD14-ST in diagnosing bacterial bloodstream infections was 0.748(95%CI:0.664-0.831),and the cut-off value was 0.39 ng/mL.The AUC of sTREM-1 in diagnosing bacterial bloodstream infections was 0.670(95%CI:0.578-0.761),and the cut-off value was 25.18 pg/mL.The AUC of WBC+sCD14-ST,sTREM-1+sCD14-ST,WBC+sTREM-1+sCD14-ST,WBC+N+sTREM-1+sCD14-ST,and WBC+N+NLR+sTREM-1+sCD14-ST were 0.720,0.747,0.756,0.760,0.806 respectively.sCD14-ST was negatively correlated with PLT(r=-0.214,P<0.05).Conclusion WBC,N,NLR,sTREM-1 and sCD14-ST have certain diagnostic values for evaluating bacterial bloodstream infections.

Objective To assess the accuracy and consistency of point-of-care testing(POCT)technology in detecting D-dimer(DDI),Procalcitonin(PCT),and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)in whole blood samples,as well as to validate its feasibility for rapid clinical diagnosis.Methods From July 8 to August 22,2022,a total of 104 paired DDI whole blood and plasma samples,496 paired PCT whole blood and serum samples,and 77 paired NT-proBNP whole blood and serum samples were collected.The consistency and accuracy of test results between whole blood and plasma/serum samples were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test,regression analysis,relative sensitivity,relative specificity,Youden's index,and Kappa value.Results The test results of DDI,PCT,and NT-proBNP in whole blood and plasma/serum samples demonstrated excellent consistency,with correlation coefficients of r2=0.951 2,r2=0.942 8,and r2=0.991 6,respectively,and all P-values exceeding 0.05.At the medical decision levels,for DDI(0.55 μg/mL),the relative sensitivity,rela-tive specificity,Youden index,and Kappa value were 94.3%,94.1%,0.88,and 0.87,respectively.For PCT(0.5 ng/mL and 2.0 ng/mL),the relative sensitivities were 97.4%and 89.0%,the relative specificities were 95.8%and 98.3%,the Youden indices were 0.93 and 0.87,and the Kappa values were 0.93 and 0.89,respectively.For NT-proBNP(125 pg/mL),the relative sensitivity was 94.1%,the relative specificity was 100%,the Youden index was 0.94,and the Kappa value was 0.87.These findings confirm the high accuracy of whole blood sample testing and the strong concordance between the two methods.Conclusions This study confirmed the efficacy of POCT technology for detecting DDI,PCT,and NT-proBNP in whole blood samples.The results showed a high level of consistency compared to traditional plasma/serum methods,thereby reinforcing the clinical applicability of POCT for rapid diagnosis.

Objective To assess the accuracy and consistency of point-of-care testing(POCT)technology in detecting D-dimer(DDI),Procalcitonin(PCT),and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)in whole blood samples,as well as to validate its feasibility for rapid clinical diagnosis.Methods From July 8 to August 22,2022,a total of 104 paired DDI whole blood and plasma samples,496 paired PCT whole blood and serum samples,and 77 paired NT-proBNP whole blood and serum samples were collected.The consistency and accuracy of test results between whole blood and plasma/serum samples were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test,regression analysis,relative sensitivity,relative specificity,Youden's index,and Kappa value.Results The test results of DDI,PCT,and NT-proBNP in whole blood and plasma/serum samples demonstrated excellent consistency,with correlation coefficients of r2=0.951 2,r2=0.942 8,and r2=0.991 6,respectively,and all P-values exceeding 0.05.At the medical decision levels,for DDI(0.55 μg/mL),the relative sensitivity,rela-tive specificity,Youden index,and Kappa value were 94.3%,94.1%,0.88,and 0.87,respectively.For PCT(0.5 ng/mL and 2.0 ng/mL),the relative sensitivities were 97.4%and 89.0%,the relative specificities were 95.8%and 98.3%,the Youden indices were 0.93 and 0.87,and the Kappa values were 0.93 and 0.89,respectively.For NT-proBNP(125 pg/mL),the relative sensitivity was 94.1%,the relative specificity was 100%,the Youden index was 0.94,and the Kappa value was 0.87.These findings confirm the high accuracy of whole blood sample testing and the strong concordance between the two methods.Conclusions This study confirmed the efficacy of POCT technology for detecting DDI,PCT,and NT-proBNP in whole blood samples.The results showed a high level of consistency compared to traditional plasma/serum methods,thereby reinforcing the clinical applicability of POCT for rapid diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the level of treponema pallidum specific antibodies(TPAb)and immunoglobulin A/E/M/G(IgA/E/M/G)and IgG subtypes in active syphilis patients,so as to provide a basis for the comprehensive di-agnosis and treatment and prognosis evaluation of clinical syphilis.Methods:Active syphilis patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in 2023 were divided into 1∶4+and 1∶16+groups according to the syphilis toluidine red unheated se-rum test(TRUST),and healthy control group were selected for the detection of TPAb by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoas-say(CMIA).The contents of IgA/E/M/G and IgG1/2/3/4 were determined by immunoturbidimetry.Results:A total of 206 patients with active syphilis(125 males and 81 females)aged(46.05±19.58)years were included in this study.Compared with the healthy control group,IgG2 was decreased and TPAb,IgA/E/M/G and IgG1/3/4 levels were increased in the active syphilis group,with statistically significant differences in TPAb,IgE and IgG1/2/3 levels(P<0.05).Compared with the healthy control group,TRUST 1∶4+group had statistical differences in TPAb,IgE and IgG2,and TPAb was significantly correlated with IgE and IgG2/4.The levels of TPAb,IgA/E/M/G and IgG1/2/3 in TRUST 1∶16+group were statistically significant,and TPAb was significantly correlated with IgE and IgG4(P<0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in TPAb,IgG and IgG1/3 between the two positive groups(P<0.05).Conclu-sion:The levels of TPAb and Ig in active syphilis patients with different TRUST titers are significantly different.TPAb combined with Ig can be used to monitor the strength of syphilis activity,IgA/M/G and IgG1/3 may be candidate biomarkers.

Background::Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and diameter, stiffness, and wave reflections, are independent and important clinical biomarkers and risk predictors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the present study was to establish nationwide reference values of carotid properties for healthy Chinese adults and to explore potential clinical determinants.Methods::A total of 3053 healthy Han Chinese adults (1922 women) aged 18-79 years were enrolled at 28 collaborating tertiary centers throughout China between April 2021 and July 2022. The real-time tracking of common carotid artery walls was achieved by the radio frequency (RF) ultrasound system. The IMT, diameter, compliance coefficient, β stiffness, local pulse wave velocity (PWV), local systolic blood pressure, augmented pressure (AP), and augmentation index (AIx) were then automatically measured and reported. Data were stratified by age groups and sex. The relationships between age and carotid property parameters were analyzed by Jonckheere-Terpstra test and simple linear regressions. The major clinical determinants of carotid properties were identified by Pearson’s correlation, multiple linear regression, and analyses of covariance.Results::All the parameters of carotid properties demonstrated significantly age-related trajectories. Women showed thinner IMT, smaller carotid diameter, larger AP, and AIx than men. The β stiffness and PWV were significantly higher in men than women before forties, but the differences reversed after that. The increase rate of carotid IMT (5.5 μm/year in women and 5.8 μm/year in men) and diameter (0.03 mm/year in both men and women) were similar between men and women. For the stiffness and wave reflections, women showed significantly larger age-related variations than men as demonstrated by steeper regression slopes (all P for age by sex interaction <0.05). The blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), and triglyceride levels were identified as major clinical determinants of carotid properties with adjustment of age and sex. Conclusions::The age- and sex-specific reference values of carotid properties measured by RF ultrasound for healthy Chinese adults were established. The blood pressures, BMI, and triglyceride levels should be considered for clinical application of corresponding reference values.

Humans ; East Asian People ; Nausea/drug therapy* ; Vomiting/drug therapy* ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects* ; Neoplasms/drug therapy*