Objective To compare the effect of glycopyrrolate or atropine in combination with neostigmine on adverse cardiovascular events(ACEs)after operation in elderly patients undergoing laparo-scopic surgery.Methods A total of 142 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery were enrolled,69 males and 73 females,aged 65-80 years,BMI 18-28 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ.The pa-tients were randomly divided into two groups:the glycopyrrolate group(group G)and the atropine group(group A),71 patients in each group.After the last administration of muscle relaxants for more than 30 mi-nutes,antagonizing residual neuromuscular blockade was performed.Glycopyrrolate 4 μg/kg and neostigmine 20 μg/kg were given intravenously in group G,atropine 10 μg/kg and neostigmine 20 μg/kg were given intravenously in group A.The incidence of ACEs and severe ACEs during operation and 72 hours after operation were recorded.Recovery situation in PACU such as NRS scores at rest and coughing,Rich-mond agitation-sedation scale(RASS)score,and modified Aldrete score 15 and 30 minutes after extubation were recorded.Emergence agitation,dry mouth,nausea,vomiting,and delirium 24 hours after operation were recorded.Results Compared with group A,the total incidence of ACEs,tachycardia,and myocardial ischemia after operation were significantly decreased in group G(P＜0.05),the incidence of dry mouth 24 hours postoperatively was significantly increased in group G(P＜0.05).There was no severe ACEs oc-curred in the two groups 72 hours after operation.Conclusion Compared with atropine,glycopyrrolate combined with neostigmine in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery can reduce the incidence of cardiac tachycardia,myocardial ischemia,and total ACEs after operation,and there was no severe ACEs occurred.However,it can increase the incidence of dry mouth 24 hours after operation.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the gene polymorphisms of rs7100927,rs10885409,rs4918789,rs290487 of TCF7L2 gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)of Uygur nationality and Han nationality.Methods 577 T2DM patients(T2DM group,293 Han and 284 Uyghu)were enrolled in the Department of Endocrinology,Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2013 to August 2015.In the same period,307 healthy subjects were selected as normal control(NC)group,of which 208 were Han Chinese and 99 were Uyghu.The polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene rs7100927,rs10885409,rs4918789 and rs290487 were identified by imLDRTM multiple SNP typing technique.Results In Uygur,the frequency of allele G at rs7100927 and rs4918789 of TCF7L2 gene and the frequency of allele C at rs10885409 and rs290487 in T2DM group were lower than those in NC group(P<0.05).Conclusion The G allele at rs7100927 and rs4918789 and C allele at rs10885409 and rs290487 of TCF7L2 gene may be protective factors for T2DM in Xinjiang Uygur population.

Objective To examine the mediating role of empathy and emotional competence in the association between family functioning and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents in China.Methods In this study,we used the data from the June-July 2022 survey of Chengdu Positive Child Development(CPCD)cohort.All respondents were 5th-9th graders from six primary or secondary schools in Chengdu.The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL),the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument(C-FAI),the empathy subscale of the Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index(C-IRI),and the emotional competence(EC)subscale of the Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale(CPYD)were used to evaluate the respondents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors,family functioning,empathy,and emotional competence,respectively.The average score derived from the total score of a scale divided by the number of entries in each dimension was used as the final score of the scale.Independent samples t-tests or one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)were performed to examine the differences in family functioning,empathy,emotional competence,and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors across student groups with different demographic characteristics(sex,grade,and region).Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between family functioning,empathy,emotional competence,and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors.AMOS 24.0 was used to validate the hypothesized model and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating effects of empathy and emotional competence between family functioning and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents.Results A total of 3026 eligible participants were included,including 1548(51.16%)male students and 1478(48.84%)female students.Among the respondents,798(26.37%)were 5th graders,738(24.39%)were 6th graders,567(18.74%)were 7th graders,614(20.29%)were 8th graders,and 309(10.21%)were 9th graders.In addition,2064(68.21%)of all respondents were from urban areas and 962(31.79%)were from rural areas.The results of the difference analysis showed that the differences in adolescents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors were statistically significant between students of different grades(P=0.004),and that the differences in family functioning and empathy scores were also statistically significant between students of different grades(all P<0.001),whereas the differences in adolescents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors were not statistically significant between sexes and regions(P=0.919,0.959).The results of correlation analysis showed that family functioning scores(the higher the score,the worse the family functioning)were significantly negatively correlated with empathy and emotional competence(r=-0.482,-0.432,P<0.01),and significantly positively correlated with internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors(r=0.220,P<0.01).Empathy was significantly positively correlated with emotional competence(r=0.402,P<0.01).Empathy and emotional competence were significantly negatively correlated with all the dimensions of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors(r=-0.115,-0.305,P<0.01).Emotional competence partially mediated the relationship between family functioning and adolescents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors,with a mediation effect value being 0.042(95%[confidence interval]CI:0.031-0.057).Empathy and emotional competence had chain mediation effect between family functioning and adolescents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors,with the value of the mediation effect being 0.010(95%CI:0.007-0.014).Conclusion Family functioning influences adolescents'internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors in a direct way and through the chain-mediating roles of empathy and emotional competence.

Objective To investigate the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms in adolescents and to explore the potential mediating role of family functioning in the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms.Methods The 2022 cross-sectional data from the Chengdu Positive Child Development(CPCD)cohort were analyzed in the study.A survey was conducted in Chengdu in June 2022,involving 3 020 students in grades 5-8 from three randomly selected stratified schools.The Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI-C),the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument(C-FAI),and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children(CES-DC)were used in the survey.Chi-square test or one-way analysis of variance was performed to examine the differences in various demographic characteristics(sex,grade,region,and total monthly household income)between groups of respondents,as well as the differences in family functioning,empathy,and depression.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between family functioning,empathy,and depressive symptoms.Structural equation modeling and SPSS PROCESS component Model 4 were used to analyze whether family functioning played a mediating role in the effect of empathy on depressive symptoms in adolescents.Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among survey respondents was 25.40%.The results of the difference analysis revealed significant differences in the detection rates of depressive symptoms among respondents of different grades,regions,and monthly household incomes(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the detection rates of depressive symptoms between male and female students.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of depressive symptoms between respondents with different scores for family dysfunction and empathy ability(P<0.001).Correlation analysis results showed that empathy scores were negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.11,P<0.001),that family dysfunction was positively correlated with depression(r=0.29,P<0.001),and that empathy scores were negatively correlated with family functioning(r=-0.37,P<0.001).The mediating role of family dysfunction in the relationship between empathy and depressive symptoms was established,with the direct effect being 0.039(95% confidence interval[CI]:0.010-0.069,P<0.001)and the indirect effect value being-0.096(95% CI:-0.115--0.079,P<0.001).The direct effect value accounted for 28.89% of the total effect value,while the mediation effect value accounted for 71.11% of the total effect value.Conclusion The empathy ability of adolescents is correlated to depressive symptoms,and family functioning plays a mediating role between empathy and depressive symptoms in adolescents.It is suggested that adolescents'empathy ability and family functioning should be enhanced through multiple channels to reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms.

Objective: To test the effectiveness of psychological flexibility training on career adaptability among middle school students who undertook psychological courses based on acceptance commitment therapy and the adolescent mental flexibility model(DNA-V), and to provide a reference plan to improve the mental health of middle school students. Methods: This study recruited 110 junior high school students (60 boys and 50 girls) from a middle-school in Beijing. The students were randomly divided by class into a DNA-V face-to-face course group(offline group n=33), a DNA-V online course group(online group n=40), and a regular school psychology course group(control group n=37). Louise Hayes DNA-V intervention program was condensed into a six-hour middle-school DNA-V psychology curriculum. Using the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth and the Career Adaptability Scale, changes in psychological flexibility and career adaptability were measured before(T1), one week after(T2), and two months after (T3) the intervention. Results: Linear mixed models were used for the analysis, while controlling for demographic variables. Psychological flexibility and career adaptability in the offline group were higher at T2 and T3 than at T1(psychological flexibility t=4.22, 3.11; career adaptablity t=3.05, 4.16, P<0.01), while the difference between T2 and T3 was not statistically significant. The psychological flexibility and career adaptability of the online group were not statistically significant at T1, T2, and T3. The psychological flexibility and career adaptability of the control group increased from T1 to T2(t=4.64, 2.47, P<0.05), but T3 decreased back to a level close to T1. Conclusion In terms of both psychological flexibility and career adaptability, the DNA-V face-to-face psychology course resulted in a retention period of at least two months.

Objective To establish a one-step recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) method for pathogen screening and rapid detection in the field targeting for five hemorrhagic fever related viruses (Zaire ebola virus, Sudan ebola virus, Marburg virus, Lassa virus and Yellow fever virus). Methods The specific nucleic acid (NA) fragments of each virus were selected as target genes by genome sequence analysis, and the primers and probes for RPA assays were designed according to the sequence. A series of diluted template genes were used for RPA detection to determine the sensitivity. The hemorrhagic fever-related viral nucleic acids were used for RPA detection to determine the specificity. The amplification experiments were carried out at different temperature ranging from 37℃ to 42℃ to validate the reaction temperature range. Results The RPA reaction systems of the five hemorrhagic fever viruses could effectively amplify the target genes, the sensitivities were between 1.5×102 and 1.5×103 copies. No cross reactions existed with the other hemorrhagic fever-related viral genes. Meanwhile, RPA assay could effectively amplify the target genes at 37-42℃. Conclusion The isothermal RPA assays of five hemorrhagic fever viruses are established, which may amply target genes fast and react at a wide temperature range, and be potentially useful for in field pathogens detection.

Objective To construct the pseudovirus containing nucleic acid(NA)fragments of Marburg virus,Zaire Ebola virus,Sudan Ebola virus,Lassa fever virus and Yellow fever virus by using a lentiviral vector system in order to provide a reference standard for the detection of the five viruses.Methods The gene fragments of the above five viruses were synthesized in vitro,connected into a single gene by fusion PCR technique,and cloned into lentiviral vectors with its auxiliary vector.After co-transfecting into 293T cells,the supernatants were collected on 48 h and 72 h post transfection. The naked NA was cleaned from the supernatants using DNase and RNase digestion before pseudotype virus was purified and concentrated.After the NA of the pseudotype virus,were extracted normal PCR and real-time PCR were conducted. Results Sequence analysis showed that the five target genes in vitro synthesis were properly connected and inserted into lentivirus vectors.Using the NA of the pseudotype virus as the template,both normal PCR and real-time PCR could sensitively amplify the target gene with the primers and probes of the above five,viruses respectively.The result indicated that the pseudovirus particles containing the five kinds of hemorrhagic fever virus target genes were successfully packaged. Conclusion The pseudovirus particles containing gene fragments of five viruses are constructed,which can be used as a common reference standard for NA detection.

Until the recent emergence/re-emergence of human-pathogenic viruses in ticks, tick-borne viruses have been neglected as causative agents of human disease (particularly in China). To gain insight into the diversity of tick-borne viruses in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (northwestern China), we conducted illumina deep sequencing-based screening for virus-derived small RNAs in field-collected Ixodes persulcatus ticks. We found 32, 631 unique virus-matched reads. In particular, 77 reads mapped to the tick-borne group within the genus of Flavivirus, and covered 3.8%-2.4% viral genomes. In addition, 32 unique reads were specific to the Siberian subtype of tick-borne encephalitis viruses (TBEV-Sib) which have never been reported in Chinese TBE loci. We confirmed the potential existence of TBEV-Sib by amplification (using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) of genomic fragments from the envelope gene or 3' genomic terminus from the pools of examined ticks. Both sequences demonstrated high homology to TBEV-Sib strains attached geographically to southern Siberia with nucleotide identity of 97.2%-95.5% and aminoacid identity of 99.4%-98.3%, respectively. In conclusion, we report, for the first time, detection of TBEV-Sib in the natural TBE loci of China. These novel data may provide genetic information for further isolation and epidemiologic investigation of TBEV-Sib.
Animals ; Arachnid Vectors ; virology ; China ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis, Tick-Borne ; transmission ; virology ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Ixodes ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny

In order to establish a novel serologic test—Luciferase immunoprecipitation system ( LIPS) , full?length prM?E of TBE virus was expressed by eukaryotic expression system and its effect was evaluated by LIPS technology. Firstly, using TBEV′s RNA as template, prM?E gene of TBEV was amplified by RT?PCR, eukaryotic expression vector pNLF?prM?E was constructed through inserting prM?E gene into pNLF1?secN vector. Fusion protein prM?E?luciferase was expressed by transfecting Cos7 cells. The expression of fusion protein was measured by testing values of luciferase in supernatant of Cos7 cells. Immunofluorescence assay ( IFA) was employed to identify the specificity of the recombinant protein and LIPS was used to detect the serum of TBEV infected patients. High expression level of luciferase was tested in the supernatants of the transfected cells. The specific binding of prM?E with TBEV antibody was confirmed by IFA. The LIPS assay detected 19 positive results out of 20 sera of the TBEV infected patients, 7 control sera all showed negative results. The results indicated that the expressed prM?E had good sensitivity and specitivity, which could be used as a candidate diagnostic antigen for LIPS assay for TBEV infection.