Objective:To investigate the effects of scalp acupuncture of Baihui and Qubin acupoints combined with running track exercise on the neurological function of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)cerebral ischemia and its regulatory effect on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by focusing on oxidative stress injury.Methods:A total of 40 male SD rats of SPF grade were selected and the cerebral ischemia model was established by ligation method.Among them,30 rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into the model group,the scalp-acupuncture group,and the combined group,with 10 rats in each group.Another 10 SPF male SD rats were used as the sham operation group.In the scalp-acupuncture group,electroacupuncture was applied to Baihui and Qubin acupoints.In the combined group,both electroacupuncture and running track exercise were applied.The treatment was carried out 6 times/week for a total of 4 weeks.The neurobehavioural function of rats was evaluated by Bederson Neurological Function Assessment.Pathological changes of rat brain tissue were observed by HE staining.SOD,serum MDA and GSH-px levels were detected by kit.The protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the rat brain tissue were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the sham-operated group,Bederson's neurological function score in the model group was significantly higher(P＜0.05),the pathological damage of HE-stained brain tissue was obvious,the level of MDA significantly increased(P＜0.05),the levels of SOD and GSH-px decreased(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,Bederson neurological function scores were reduced in each treatment group(P＜0.05),the brain histopathological damage was alleviated,the level of MDA was reduced(P＜0.05),the levels of SOD and GSH-px was elevated(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The Bederson neurological function score and MDA level in the combined group were lower than those in the scalp-acupuncture group(P＜0.05),and the levels of SOD and GSH-px and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins were significantly higher than those in the scalp-acupuncture group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Scalp acupuncture can improve the neurobehavioural dysfunction and pathological damage caused by cerebral ischemia,increase the antioxidant capacity,and the specific mechanism may be related to the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.And scalp acupuncture combined with running track exercise has a synergistic effect and is more advantageous for treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of diaphragm ultrasound in predicting the success of extubation from tracheotomy in patients with acquired brain injury.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 brain-injured patients. They were divided into an extubation failure group and an extubation success group. The results of ultrasound examination of the diaphragm in the 2 groups were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the independent variables with significance were further subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis. R software was applied to build the diaphragm indicators showing significant predictive power into a histogram model. The predictive value of this nomogram model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results:The univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of diaphragm excursion, diaphragm thickening fraction and diaphragm excursion-time index. The multivariate logistic regression analysis and the nomogram showed that those three variables are independent influencing factors predicting the success of decannulation. The areas under the ROC curves confirmed that finding.Conclusions:Diaphragm excursion, diaphragm thickening fraction and the diaphragm excursion-time index are useful independent predictors of the success of decannulation among brain injury patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects of scalp acupuncture of Baihui and Qubin acupoints combined with running track exercise on the neurological function of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)cerebral ischemia and its regulatory effect on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by focusing on oxidative stress injury.Methods:A total of 40 male SD rats of SPF grade were selected and the cerebral ischemia model was established by ligation method.Among them,30 rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into the model group,the scalp-acupuncture group,and the combined group,with 10 rats in each group.Another 10 SPF male SD rats were used as the sham operation group.In the scalp-acupuncture group,electroacupuncture was applied to Baihui and Qubin acupoints.In the combined group,both electroacupuncture and running track exercise were applied.The treatment was carried out 6 times/week for a total of 4 weeks.The neurobehavioural function of rats was evaluated by Bederson Neurological Function Assessment.Pathological changes of rat brain tissue were observed by HE staining.SOD,serum MDA and GSH-px levels were detected by kit.The protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the rat brain tissue were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the sham-operated group,Bederson's neurological function score in the model group was significantly higher(P＜0.05),the pathological damage of HE-stained brain tissue was obvious,the level of MDA significantly increased(P＜0.05),the levels of SOD and GSH-px decreased(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,Bederson neurological function scores were reduced in each treatment group(P＜0.05),the brain histopathological damage was alleviated,the level of MDA was reduced(P＜0.05),the levels of SOD and GSH-px was elevated(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The Bederson neurological function score and MDA level in the combined group were lower than those in the scalp-acupuncture group(P＜0.05),and the levels of SOD and GSH-px and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins were significantly higher than those in the scalp-acupuncture group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Scalp acupuncture can improve the neurobehavioural dysfunction and pathological damage caused by cerebral ischemia,increase the antioxidant capacity,and the specific mechanism may be related to the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.And scalp acupuncture combined with running track exercise has a synergistic effect and is more advantageous for treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of diaphragm ultrasound in predicting the success of extubation from tracheotomy in patients with acquired brain injury.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 brain-injured patients. They were divided into an extubation failure group and an extubation success group. The results of ultrasound examination of the diaphragm in the 2 groups were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the independent variables with significance were further subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis. R software was applied to build the diaphragm indicators showing significant predictive power into a histogram model. The predictive value of this nomogram model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results:The univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of diaphragm excursion, diaphragm thickening fraction and diaphragm excursion-time index. The multivariate logistic regression analysis and the nomogram showed that those three variables are independent influencing factors predicting the success of decannulation. The areas under the ROC curves confirmed that finding.Conclusions:Diaphragm excursion, diaphragm thickening fraction and the diaphragm excursion-time index are useful independent predictors of the success of decannulation among brain injury patients.

Objective This study aims at establishing a teaching catalog and content for breast rare dis-eases and developing the syllabus for the breast rare disease using integrated multimodality of case-/problem-/resource-based learning(CBL+PBL+RBL).Methods By conducting bibliometrics co-occurrence analysis,we collected 6291 articles on breast rare disease published from January,1975 to June,2024.Additionally,we re-trieved the Textbook on Rare Diseases,the Catalog of Chinese Rare Disease,and Second Batch of Rare Dis-ease Catalog and then decided the teaching content.Results From 16,387 keywords,1000(6.1％)keywords were identified through co-occurrence analysis,including 50(0.3％)candidate diseases.These were classified into three categories:rare primary breast diseases,rare genetic mutation-related diseases associated with breast cancer,and rare systemic multi-system diseases involving the breast.From the candidate list,20(0.1％)rare primary breast diseases were further selected for their notable clinical teaching significance,and significant multi-systemic diseases affecting the breast,whether related to gene mutations or not.Teaching plans were draf-ted using a diversified parallel teaching approaches,taking into account the characteristics of different diseases and the focus of different teaching methods.Conclusions This study initiated the development of the teaching content for breast rare diseases and developed the teaching syllabus using the CBL+PBL+RBL integrated multi teaching model and targeting each rare breast disease for the critical point for teaching.

ObjectiveTo analyze the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata with different yields and explore the influence of soil microorganisms on the yield of G. elata. MethodThe experiment adopted the 16S DNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing technologies to study the diversity of the bacterial and fungal community in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata with high yield （GC） and low yield （DC）. ResultProteobacteria， Firmicutes， and other unidentified Bacteria were dominant in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata. The dominant rhizosphere fungi were Ascomycota， Basidiomycota， and Mortierellomycota. There was no significant difference in microbial community abundance in the high-yield and low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， but there was a significant difference in species composition. Thirty-eight microbes such as Bradyrhizobium， Schleiferilactobacillus， and Archaeorhizomyces were gathered in large numbers in the high-yield rhizosphere soil， and thirty microbes such as Fusarium， Coprinellus， and Nitrosotalea were gathered in large numbers in the low-yield rhizosphere soil. At the level of genus and species， there were six different species in the high-yield and low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， among which Russula mariae， Archeaeorhizomyces， and Ilyonectria were gathered in the high-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， while Nitrosotalea， Coprinellus disserminatus， and Fusarium were gathered in the low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata. ConclusionThere are different microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata with different yields， and it is speculated that these microorganisms are related to the yields of G. elata. The research results are expected to provide a vital theoretical basis for the follow-up study of the high yield of G. elata.

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting protein arginine methyltransferase 5(PRMT5)in cisplatin-induced hearing loss.The effects of PRMT5 inhibition on cisplatin-induced auditory injury were determined using immunohistochemistry,apoptosis assays,and auditory brainstem response.The mechanism of PRMT5 inhibition on hair cell survival was assessed using RNA-seq and Cleavage Under Targets and Tagment-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(CUT&Tag-qPCR)analyses in the HEI-OC1 cell line.Pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 significantly alleviated cisplatin-induced damage to hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and decreased apoptosis by protecting mitochondrial function and preventing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.CUT&Tag-qPCR analysis demonstrated that inhibition of PRMT5 in HEI-OC1 cells reduced the accumulation of H4R3me2s/H3R8me2s marks at the promoter region of the Pik3ca gene,thus activating the expression of Pik3ca.These findings suggest that PRMT5 inhibitors have strong potential as agents against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and can lay the foundation for further research on treatment strategies of hearing loss.

Cisplatin-related ototoxicity is a critical side effect of chemotherapy and can lead to irreversible hearing loss. This study aimed to assess the potential effect of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor RG108 on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Immunohistochemistry, apoptosis assay, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were employed to determine the impacts of RG108 on cisplatin-induced injury in murine hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Rhodamine 123 and TMRM were utilized for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assessment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) amounts were evaluated by Cellrox green and Mitosox-red probes. Mitochondrial respiratory function evaluation was performed by determining oxygen consumption rates (OCRs). The results showed that RG108 can markedly reduce cisplatin induced damage in HCs and SGNs, and alleviate apoptotic rate by protecting mitochondrial function through preventing ROS accumulation. Furthermore, RG108 upregulated BCL-2 and downregulated APAF1, BAX, and BAD in HEI-OC1 cells, and triggered the PI3K/AKT pathway. Decreased expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and high methylation of the LRP1 promoter were observed after cisplatin treatment. RG108 treatment can increase LRP1 expression and decrease LRP1 promoter methylation. In conclusion, RG108 might represent a new potential agent for preventing hearing loss induced by cisplatin via activating the LRP1-PI3K/AKT pathway.

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a rare hereditary cornification disorder presented with abnormal skin scaling. In this paper, we used next-generation sequencing to determine the variants in a Chinese ARCI patient. We used sanger sequencing to verify bidirectionally the DNA from the proband and her parents. Results showes that two compound heterozygous variants (c.235G > T and c.641delG) in CYP4F22 gene, and both of the mutations are novel. The parents were heterozygous carriers. The two variants are classified as pathogenic variants based on interpretation guidelines. The compound heterozygous mutations in CYP4F22 gene were the causative mutations responsible for ARCI in proband.

Objective:To study the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFR) in the treatment of large gastric stromal tumors with diameter of 5-7 cm.Methods:Data of 36 patients with large gastric stromal tumors (5-7 cm) who received EFR or surgery (including laparoscopic and open surgery) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and confirmed by postoperative histopathology from January 2017 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into endoscopic group (9 cases) and surgical group (27 cases) according to different resection methods. The perioperative indicators and the total incidence of complications in the two groups were compared.Results:In terms of perioperative indicators, the median operation time of the endoscopic group was significantly longer than that of the surgical group (4.0 hours VS 2.0 hours, P<0.01), and the postoperative fasting time (4.55±0.88 days VS 6.22±2.24 days, t=-2.15, P=0.03) and hospital stay (6.88±1.26 days VS 10.03±2.90 days, t=-3.13, P<0.01) were significantly shorter than those of the surgical group. The median visual analogue scores (VAS) of abdominal pain of the endoscopic group on the first postoperative day (3 VS 6, P<0.01)and the third postoperative day (1 VS 3, P<0.01) were significantly lower than those of the surgical group. The hospitalization cost was significantly less than that of the surgical group (55±14.7 thousand yuan VS 73±24.3 thousand yuan, t=-2.11, P=0.04). In term of the total incidence of complications, the endoscopic group was 11.1% (1/9), which was higher than that of the surgical group [7.4% (2/27)], but there was no statistically significant difference( P=1.00). Conclusion:EFR is safe and effective in the treatment of large gastric stromal tumors (5-7 cm), and has the advantages of less invasiveness, rapid postoperative recovery, and lower hospitalization cost. But how to shorten the operation time is an urgent problem to be solved.