Objective: To establish evidence-based, safe and efficient management of HIV-reactive blood donors by investigating safe and feasible assessment strategies for HIV-reactive blood donors based on routine blood screening data. Methods: The data of blood screening, supplementary testing, follow-up and CDC confirmation for HIV-reactive blood donors in our center from 2014 to 2024 were analyzed systematically to confirm HIV infection and identify infection status. Results: There were 1 235 samples (0.13%, 1 235/928 000) reactive in HIV blood screening over the 11-year period. A-mong them, 199 donors (16.11%) in asymptomatic HIV infection (HIV Ag/Ab++&HIV RNA+), 2(0.16%) as acute early HIV infection (HIV Ag/Ab+-&HIV RNA+) and 7(0.57%) as window-period infection (HIV RNA positive only) were confirmed. Donors with the result of HIV Ag/Ab+-&HIV RNA-(single-positive) were all excluded for HIV infection, while 1 in 6 HIV Ag/Ab++&HIV RNA-donors (double-positive) was confirmed to have HIV infection. When HIV Ag/Ab reagents were used continuously before and after the follow-up, it's observed in one reagent that the proportion of negative results in subsequent follow-up in single-positive donors who had negative results in the first sampling was significantly higher than the proportion of negative results in subsequent follow-up in those initially single-positive (P<0.05). But no significant difference was observed in another reagent (P>0.05). When reagents were changed in follow-up, the rate of singlepositive donors with negative results in the first sampling reached 96.7%, which was significantly higher than the negative rate of those without reagent changing in follow-up (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the serological and nucleic acid testing results of HIV blood screening, the confirmation of HIV infection and identification of infection status can be achieved accurately and efficiently. All HIV Ag/Ab+-&HIV RNA-donors were confirmed as false positive, and should be maintained their eligibilities for blood donation, but recommended to pass the retest before next donation. Using a different reagent for retesting helps improve the eligible rate. HIV Ag/Ab++&HIV RNA-donors should be deferred permanently due to the risk of true positivity.

Objective To investigate the interaction between a novel antimicrobial compound,HL-J6,and penicillin-binding protein 1(PBP1)of Staphylococcus aureus.Methods With MRSA252 genomic DNA as the template and PBP1F and PBP1R as primers,the expression plasmid pET30a-pbp1-39-608 was constructed by amplifying the target gene fragment followed by cloning into the Nde I/Xho I restriction sites of the pET30a vector.Then the obtained plasmids were transformed into Escherichia coli for the expression of PBP1-39-608 protein,and the product was purified by affinity chromatography.The inhibitory effect of HL-J6 on the transpeptidase activity of PBP1-39-608 was measured using peptidoglycan side chain backbone peptide,with thiol ester analog S2d as the substrate.The affinity between HL-J6 and PBP1-39-608 was detected using microscale thermophoresis(MST),and the binding interaction was confirmed by cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA).Molecular docking and dynamics simulation were performed using AutoDock Vina and Desmond software,respectively,to elucidate the binding mode of HL-J6 with the PBP1-39-608 protein and the key amino acid residues involved.Results The recombinant plasmid pET30a-pbp1-39-608 was successfully constructed,and PBP1-39-608 protein was produced after induction and purified,yielding a protein with an approximate molecular mass of 65×103.HL-J6 inhibited the transpeptidase activity of PBP1-39-608 in a time-dependent manner(P<0.001).The dissociation constant Kd of the binding between HL-J6 and PBP1-39-608 was 64.92 μmol/L.Molecular docking results showed that HL-J6 bound to the active pocket of PBP1-39-608 by interacting with key residues such as ILE-348,ASN-370,THR-516 and PHE-423,with a binding score of-8.38 kcal/mol(<-5.00 kcal/mol).Dynamics simulation results indicated that the complex became stable after 50 ns.Conclusion HL-J6 effectively inhibits the transpeptidase activity of Staphylococcus aureus PBP1,and shows stable interaction with the protein.

Objective To determine the optimal extraction process for kaempferol from Alpinia officinarum Hance and to investigate its antioxidant activity.Methods Based on single-factor experimental data,this study employed the Box-Behnken central composite design and response surface methodology(RSM),combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),to plot response surface and contour maps using kaempferol content as the response value.The optimal parameters for ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time,and extraction temperature were selected.The antioxidant activity of kaempferol was comprehensively evaluated by calculating the radical scavenging rate using the DPPH radical scavenging assays.Results The optimal extraction conditions were determined to be an ethanol concentration of 84%,a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶80,an extraction time of 2 hours,and an extraction temperature of 82℃.Under these conditions,the kaempferol content extracted from Alpinia officinarum Hance reached 0.034 16%.In the DPPH radical scavenging assay,the extract showed a scavenging rate of 91.20%at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.Conclusion The optimized extraction process for kaempferol from Alpinia officinarum Hance was obtained using the Box-Behnken response surface design method,and this process is practical and feasible.The DPPH radical scavenging assay demonstrated that kaempferol from Alpinia officinarum Hance possesses antioxidant activity.

[Objective] To analyze the influencing factors of repeat blood donor lapsing using a zero-inflated poisson regression model (ZIP). [Methods] The blood donation behavior of 12 498 whole blood donors from 2020 was tracked until December 31, 2023. The factors influencing the frequency of blood donations in a given year was analyzed using ZIP, and donors with 0 blood donation in that year were considered to have lapsed. The changes in relevant influencing factors associated with each blood donation were measured and modeled for analysis. [Results] The zero-inflated part of ZIP showed that the risk of lapsing of male blood donors was 2.24 times that of female blood donors (OR 95% CI:1.864-2.696, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing of the 35-44 age group and over 45 age group was respectively 40% (OR 95% CI:0.455-0.790, P<0.001) and 61%(OR 95% CI:0.268-0.578, P<0.001) lower than that of the under 25 age group; the risk of lapsing for those who have donated blood twice and ≥3 times was respectively 50% (OR 95% CI:0.405-0.609, P<0.001) and 81% (OR 95% CI:0.154-0.225, P<0.001) lower than that of first-time donors; the risk of lapsing of those with junior high or high school education was 1.2 times that of those with a college degree or higher (OR 95% CI:1.033-1.384, P<0.05); the risk of lapsing for the divorced group was 2.02 times that of the married group (OR 95% CI:1.445-2.820, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing for those with an income (Yuan) of 10 000 to 50 000, 50 000 to 100 000 and more than 100 000 was respectively 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.552-0.818, P<0.001), 0.72 (OR 95% CI:0.591-0.884, P=0.002) and 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.535-0.834, P<0.001) times that of those with an income (Yuan) of less than 10 000. The results of the Poisson part are consistent with the results of the zero-inflated part in terms of age and education level. [Conclusion] Blood donor lapsing is overall related to factors such as gender, age, donation frequency, education, marital status and family income. It's essential to care for those blood donors prone to lapse to retain more regular blood donors.

Objective: To analyze serological and molecular characteristics of asymptomatic HBV infection in HBV surface antigen positive (HBsAg+) blood donors from Dalian. Methods: The prevalence of HBsAg was analyzed among blood donors in Dalian between 2013 and 2022. Randomly selected HBsAg+ blood samples were subjected to HBV serological testing, HBV viral DNA quantification, and HBV genotyping. Results: Over this ten-year period, the prevalence of HBsAg decreased from 1.25% to 0.50% among blood donors in Dalian. Donors who tested positive for HBsAg prior to donation using a rapid test (RT) accounted for 92.5% of all HBsAg+ donors identified. A total of 240 confirmed HBsAg+ blood donors were randomly selected, including 125 donors with positive results and 115 with negative results in the pre-donation rapid test. HBsAg+ donors were mainly males (71.2%), with a median age of 42, and 97.5% of them being first-time donors. Based on HBV serological profiles, three stages of infection were identified: early infection (2.9%), suspected acute hepatitis (0.8%), and chronic infection (96.3%). The dominant HBV genotypes were C (68.9%) and B (28.4%). Among chronic HBV infection individuals, donors infected with HBV genotype B were older than those infected with genotype C (median age: 45y vs 38.5y, P<0.05). Additionally, they showed significantly lower HBsAg levels with a narrower distribution range than those infected with genotype C [median: 23.2 IU/mL (range: <0.05-7 910 IU/mL) vs 968 IU/mL (range: <0.05-3.4×10 ), P<0.05]. However, no significant difference was observed in the HBV DNA loads between these two genotypes (P>0.05). Conclusion: Between 2013 and 2022, the prevalence of HBsAg among blood donors in Dalian showed a year-over-year decline. Chronic infection was predominant among HBsAg+ first-time blood donors. The characteristics of chronic infection in blood donors differed significantly depending on the viral genotype, manifesting as differences in age of infected individuals and HBsAg level distribution.

Objective:To explore the related factors and independent risk factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in breast cancer patients after radiotherapy, and to guide the optimization of treatment plan for BC and reduce the incidence of RP.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 770 female breast cancer patients who received postoperative radiotherapy at Deyang People's Hospital between July 2021 and September 2024. The occurrence of RP was observed, and potential clinical and dosimetric factors were analyzed. Continuous variables were assessed using the t-test, categorical variables with the chi-square test, and univariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with RP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find out the independent risk factors of RP, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of each factor. Results:Among 770 patients, 46 developed RP (34 grade 1, 12 grade 2). Univariate analysis showed that surgical method, chemotherapy regimen, interval between chemotherapy and radiotherapy, age, planning target volume, and maximum dose of the ipsilateral lung were not associated with RP (all P>0.05). Clinical stage ( χ2=7.84, P=0.020), chest wall + supraclavicular + internal mammary lymph node irradiation ( χ2=104.50, P<0.001), supraclavicular + internal mammary lymph node irradiation ( χ2=8.90, P=0.003), number of chemotherapy cycles ( t=9.88, P<0.001), and ipsilateral lung V 5 Gy( t=16.47, P<0.001), V 10 Gy( t=18.70, P<0.001), V 15 Gy( t=20.23, P<0.001), V 20 Gy( t=23.39, P<0.001), V 25 Gy( t=21.68, P<0.001), V 30 Gy( t=21.67, P<0.001), V 35 Gy( t=20.67, P<0.001), V 40 Gy( t=19.96, P<0.001), V 45 Gy( t=18.59, P<0.001), V 50 Gy( t=11.69, P<0.001), D mean( t=30.76, P<0.001) were significantly correlated with the occurrence of RP. Multivariate analysis revealed that ipsilateral lung V 5 Gy ( OR=1.258, 95% CI: 1.143-1.384, P<0.001), number of chemotherapy cycles ( OR=2.767, 95% CI: 1.781-4.299, P<0.001), and chest wall + supraclavicular + internal mammary lymph node irradiation ( OR=7.926, 95% CI: 2.943-21.349, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for RP. Using V 5 Gy=51.65% as the diagnostic cutoff, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting RP were 0.870 and 0.804, respectively. Taking the number of chemotherapy cycles=6.50 as the cutoff, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting RP were 0.891 and 0.586, respectively. Taking 0.50 as the diagnostic cutoff point, the sensitivity and specificity of chest wall + supraclavicular + internal mammary lymph node irradiation for RP were 0.870 and 0.797, respectively. Conclusions:The number of chemotherapy cycles, ipsilateral lung V 5 Gy, and chest wall + supraclavicular + internal mammary lymph node irradiation are independent risk factors for RP in postoperative female breast cancer patients.

Purpose To evaluate the predictive performance of mean apparent propagator-magnetic resonance imaging(MAP-MRI)combined with habitat analysis for determining O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)promoter methylation status in glioma.Materials and Methods This retrospective study analyzed MRI and clinical data from 55 patients with surgically confirmed glioma at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023.All patients underwent structural and diffusion-weighted imaging.Three-dimensional volumes of interest were delineated in the tumor solid region using ImageJ software.The nn-FAE tool was used to segment the tumor solid region into two habitat subregions based on mean diffusivity(MD)maps:high-MD and low-MD habitats.Average diffusion parameter values were extracted from the entire tumor solid region and each habitat subregion.Differences in parameters between methylated and unmethylated groups were compared,and the area under the curve was calculated.Results Among 55 patients,significant differences were observed in all MAP-MRI parameters and MD in the tumor solid region and low-MD habitat,as well as all parameters in the high-MD habitat between methylated and unmethylated groups(t/Z=-3.780-3.153,all P<0.05).The return-to-origin probability(RTOP)in the low-MD habitat demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance,with the area under the curve improving from 0.771 before habitat analysis to 0.827 after habitat analysis.In the high-grade subgroup,significant differences were observed in return-to-axis probability(RTAP)and RTOP in the tumor solid region;RTOP,non-Gaussianity,non-Gaussianity axial,and RTAP in the low-MD habitat;and non-Gaussianity in the high-MD habitat(t/Z=-2.820--1.976,all P<0.05).RTOP in the low-MD habitat again showed optimal diagnostic efficacy(the area under the curve 0.725 before habitat analysis,0.798 after).Multivariate analysis identified RTAP and RTOP in the tumor solid region and low-MD habitat as independent predictors of MGMT methylation.Conclusion MAP-MRI diffusion parameters demonstrate the ability to predict MGMT promoter methylation status in glioma,with superior performance compared with diffusion tensor imaging.Habitat imaging further enhances the predictive efficacy of MAP-MRI parameters for MGMT promoter methylation.

Objective:To search, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence for postpartum contraceptive health guidance, providing evidence-based support for clinical healthcare providers in implementing standardized contraceptive counseling and management.Methods:A systematic search was conducted across guideline repositories, professional association websites, and databases for literature related to postpartum contraception guidance, including guidelines, best practices, expert consensus, and systematic reviews, with a search timeframe from database inception to December 2023. Four researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included studies, extracted relevant data, and synthesized evidence from eligible literature.Results:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 documents were included, comprising 5 guidelines, 2 clinical decision-making documents, 1 best practice document, 4 expert consensus statements, and 6 meta-analyses or systematic reviews. Totally 46 pieces of best evidence were summarized from 9 aspects, including health educators, health education recipients, assessment, planning, mode and content of health education, available contraceptive methods, evaluation index of health education, and considerations.Conclusion:This study systematically synthesizes the best available evidence on postpartum contraceptive health guidance. It emphasizes strengthening the competencies of clinical practitioners, supported by structured assessments and standardized guidance, to improve the feasibility and accessibility of contraceptive services. It further highlights the importance of ensuring the long-term sustainability of contraceptive plans and integrating digital tools to enhance the precision and coverage of guidance, ultimately reducing unintended and short-interval pregnancies and safeguarding women's reproductive health.

Objective To explore the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor(LIFR)in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)and its possible associa-tion with myocardial remodeling.Methods A total of 188 patients with acute myocardial infarc-tion who underwent coronary angiography in our hospital from January 2023 to November 2024 were prospectively enrolled and divided into a control group(94 cases)and an NSTEMI group(94 cases)according to being diagnosed with NSTEMI or not.General clinical data of the patients were collected,and the correlation between serum LIFR level and other indicators was analyzed using linear regression analysis.Results Compared with the control group,the NSTEMI group had significantly higher ratios of smoking history,elevated levels of LIFR,NT-proBNP,cTnⅠ,Cr and UA,increased WBC count,but lower LVEF value[48.94％vs 13.83％,P＜0.01;5.82(4.23,8.11)mmol/L vs 0.97(0.60,1.41)mmol/L,P＜0.01;2.53(1.24,9.71)pg/L vs 0.03(0.02,0.04),P＜0.01;18.57(4.11,250.00)ng/L vs 0.00(0.00,0.00)ng/L,P＜0.01;82.50(68.00,121.25)μmol/L vs 68.50(53.00,88.25)μmol/L,P＜0.01;411.00(349.00,521.25)μmol/L vs 337.00(286.75,406.00)μmol/L,P＜0.01;10.21(8.71,13.09)× 109/L vs 6.22(4.67,7.46)× 109/L,P＜0.01;47.00(38.00,54.00)％vs 59.00(56.00,60.00)％,P＜0.01].Serum LIFR level in the patients was posi-tively correlated with NT-proBNP,cTnⅠ,Cr and WBC count(β=1.403,95％CI:10 597.867-17 327.087,P=0.000;β=0.232,95％CI:114.558-1769.808,P=0.026;β=0.336,95％CI:0.164-0.617,P=0.001).Conclusion LIFR may be involved in the development of myocardial remode-ling and heart failure after myocardial infarction through its role in inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of preoperative corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery candi-dates with high myopia.Methods In this observational study,medical records of consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital between January 2014 and December 2023 were reviewed retrospectively.Biometric param-eters of eyes were measured preoperatively by IOL-Master optical biometry.The cataract patients were classified into a high myopia group[defined as axial length(AL)≥26.00 mm]and a control group(normal ALs,22.00 mm ≤ AL ≤25.00 mm).The characteristics of corneal astigmatism were compared between the two groups.Results Among 17 325 cataract pa-tients(17 325 eyes),2 206 patients(2 206 eyes)had high myopia and 13 429 patients(13 429 eyes)had no high myopia.In the high myopia group,1 822 eyes(82.6％)had corneal astigmatism ≥0.50 D,1 138 eyes(51.6％)had corneal astig-matism ≥1.00 D,623 eyes(28.2％)had corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D and 314 eyes(14.2％)had corneal astigmatism ≥2.00 D.These proportions were significantly higher than those in the control group(71.9％,35.9％,15.9％and 7.3％,re-spectively;all P＜0.001).In the high myopia group,1 340 eyes(60.7％)had moderate astigmatism,147 eyes(6.7％)had high astigmatism and 922 eyes(41.8％)had with-the-rule(WTR)astigmatism.These 3 proportions were all significantly higher than those in the control group(48.9％,3.3％and 28.2％,respectively;all P＜0.001).Among high-myopia pa-tients,the corneal astigmatism was statistically greater in women than that in men(P=0.001),and the proportion of ob-lique astigmatism was higher in women than that in men(19.3％vs.15.8％,P=0.034).The proportion of against-the-rule(ATR)astigmatism increased significantly with age.In the high myopia group,the corneal astigmatism of eyes with WTR,ATR and oblique astigmatism was(1.26±0.85)D,(1.28±0.81)D and(0.89±0.71)D,respectively.They were signifi-cantly greater than those in the control group[(0.82±0.71)D,(1.06±0.68)D and(0.67±0.53)D,respectively;all P＜0.001].In the high myopia group,there were 31.8％,12.3％and 4.1％of eyes with corneal astigmatism ≥1.00 D,≥1.50 D and ≥2.00 D,respectively.All of these 3 proportions were significantly lower than those of eyes with WTR or ATR astig-matism(all P＜0.05).This finding is consistent with the tendency in the control group.Conclusion A significant bur-den of preoperative corneal astigmatism is observed in cataract surgery candidates with high myopia,with more than 50％of the patients having corneal astigmatism ≥1.00 D.The corneal astigmatism of patients with high myopia is significantly greater than that of patients with normal ALs.The proportion of moderate-to-high astigmatism is significantly higher in high-myopia patients than that in patients with normal ALs.