OBJECTIVE To investigate the quality and management of cleaning and disinfection of soft endoscopes in Wuxi hospitals,to analyze the existing problems and put forward suggestions for improvement,and to provide references for endoscope-related infection in hospitals.METHODS From Sep.to Nov.2024,the cleaning and disin-fection status and managements of soft endoscopes were investigated.Endoscopes were sampling for adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biofluorescence and bacteriological testing;final rinsing water,hands of disinfection person-nels,disinfectants and environmental surfaces were collected for bacteriological testing.RESULTS Totally 68.18％of hospitals performed daily leaks test before cleaning,and 81.82％used o-Phthalaldehyde;81.25％of hospitals used peracetic acid in endoscopy sterilization,with only 1 hospital using glutaraldehyde.Totally 86.36％of hospi-tals monitored the concentration of disinfectants before daily works.There were statistically significant differ-ences in full-time,education levels,age and working experience of personnels among different levels of hospitals(P＜0.05).The pass rate of the 60 endoscope ATP specimens was 88.33％,and there were statistically signifi-cant differences in the pass rate of gastroscopic ATP testing among different levels of hospitals(P=0.032).The qualification status differed significantly in the types of endoscopes and the time length of enzyme washing(P＜0.05).All 60 endoscopic bacteriological samples were qualified,while 141 environmental bacteriological samples were with a pass rate of 94.33％.Unqualified samples were mainly for disinfection personnel's hands,rinse tank faucets,final rinse water.Rolestonella piercei and Staphylococcus wolffii were detected in one failed final rinse wa-ter by mass spectrometry.CONCLUSIONS The overall equipment and staffing of the surveyed endoscope centers(rooms)basically meet operational needs and generally follow endoscope cleaning and disinfection guidelines.However,there are still deficiencies in cleaning and disinfection management,equipment maintenance,disinfect-ant concentration monitoring and personnel training.Further efforts are needed to strengthen the disinfection quali-ty monitoring of endoscope and related factors.

Based on the core collection retrieval of the Web of Science database,researches related to the medicinal field of plant-derived vesicles(PDVs)were retrieved.The research hotspots and their changes in the pharmaceutical field of PDVs are visually analyzed by using bibliometric software VOSviewer and CiteSpace.A detailed discussion is held around the author,institution,country,key research hotspots and annual develop-ment hotspots,revealing the current research status of PDVs in the pharmaceutical field and predicting future trends,which provides valuable perspectives for researchers to understand the current research status of PDVs in the pharmaceutical field and discover possible unexplored areas in this field.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the quality and management of cleaning and disinfection of soft endoscopes in Wuxi hospitals,to analyze the existing problems and put forward suggestions for improvement,and to provide references for endoscope-related infection in hospitals.METHODS From Sep.to Nov.2024,the cleaning and disin-fection status and managements of soft endoscopes were investigated.Endoscopes were sampling for adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biofluorescence and bacteriological testing;final rinsing water,hands of disinfection person-nels,disinfectants and environmental surfaces were collected for bacteriological testing.RESULTS Totally 68.18％of hospitals performed daily leaks test before cleaning,and 81.82％used o-Phthalaldehyde;81.25％of hospitals used peracetic acid in endoscopy sterilization,with only 1 hospital using glutaraldehyde.Totally 86.36％of hospi-tals monitored the concentration of disinfectants before daily works.There were statistically significant differ-ences in full-time,education levels,age and working experience of personnels among different levels of hospitals(P＜0.05).The pass rate of the 60 endoscope ATP specimens was 88.33％,and there were statistically signifi-cant differences in the pass rate of gastroscopic ATP testing among different levels of hospitals(P=0.032).The qualification status differed significantly in the types of endoscopes and the time length of enzyme washing(P＜0.05).All 60 endoscopic bacteriological samples were qualified,while 141 environmental bacteriological samples were with a pass rate of 94.33％.Unqualified samples were mainly for disinfection personnel's hands,rinse tank faucets,final rinse water.Rolestonella piercei and Staphylococcus wolffii were detected in one failed final rinse wa-ter by mass spectrometry.CONCLUSIONS The overall equipment and staffing of the surveyed endoscope centers(rooms)basically meet operational needs and generally follow endoscope cleaning and disinfection guidelines.However,there are still deficiencies in cleaning and disinfection management,equipment maintenance,disinfect-ant concentration monitoring and personnel training.Further efforts are needed to strengthen the disinfection quali-ty monitoring of endoscope and related factors.

Objective: To comprehensively understand the disinfection quality of secondary and primary schools and kindergartens in Wuxi, so as to find out problems and to provide advice for improvement. Methods: Stratified random sampling method was applied in the investigation to select 73 schools and classes. The qualities of room air, surface of object, hand hygiene of staff, tableware, ultraviolet lamp and disinfectant in use (including bacterial contamination and concentration of chlorine-containing) were all tested. Results: A total of 2 563 samples were collected with the total disinfection qualified rate 88.02%. The qualified rates of kindergarten, primary and secondary schools were 87.89%, 90.67% and 85.83% respectively. The rates of Xishan and Jiangyin districts were 75.24% and 75.89% respectively. The quality of urban schools was better than the rural(χ 2=16.57, P<0.01). There was no statistical significance between public and private schools (χ 2=0.01, P=0.92). The rank of qualified rates of different objects was: bacterial contamination (100.00%) > room air (93.13%) > tableware (91.87%) > surface of object (89.40%) > ultraviolet lamp (84.00%) > concentration of chlorine-containing (73.68%) > hand hygiene of staff (73.53%). The quality of secondary schools was lower than kindergartens and primary schools in the aspects of room air and surface of object. Conclusion The disinfection quality of secondary and primary schools and kindergartens in Wuxi is good in general. More attention should be paid on hand hygiene, concentration of chlorine-containing and ultraviolet lamp. The qualities of room air and surface of object of secondary schools need to be improved.

Objective To explore the influence of intravenous injection combined with oral of metoprolol tartrate on left ventricular function and adverse cardiovascular events of patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction.Methods84 cases of Patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction treated in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected as the study objects, and were divided into vein group and combination group according to drugs-taking modes, 42 cases in each groups.The vein group were treated with intravenous injection of metoprolol tartrate, and the combination group were treated with intravenous injection combined with oral of metoprolol tartrate.Clinical effect, left ventricular function, BP and HR levels, and incidence of adverse cardiovascular events were observed in the two groups.ResultsThe total effective rate of the combination group was 95.24% significantly higher than that of 80.95% in the vein group(P<0.05).After treatment, LVEF was significantly higher than that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), which of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the vein group (P<0.05).The levels of LVESD and LVEDD were significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), which of the combination group were significantly lower than those in the vein group(P<0.05).After treatment, DBP, SBP and HR were significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), which of the combination group were significantly lower than those in the vein group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiovascular disease was 11.90% in the combination group, and it was no significantly different from that of 16.67% in the vein group (P>0.05).ConclusionIntravenous injection combined with oral of metoprolol tartrate can effectively improve left ventricular function of patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction, and reduce incidence of adverse cardiovascular events.