Objective:This study aims to systematically compare the differences in severity, clinical manifestations, and treatment processes between patients with foodborne and iatrogenic botulism, thereby providing evidence-based support for clinical diagnosis and management.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on botulism patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2010 and July 2024. The foodborne group was diagnosed according to the WS/T 83-1996 standard. The iatrogenic group required a documented history of type A botulinum toxin injection and typical clinical manifestations. Individuals with comorbid neurological disorders or incomplete clinical data were excluded. The severity of poisoning was classified into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe, according to the "Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Botulism". SPSS 26.0 software was used to statistically analyze the distribution of poisoning severity between groups and to compare clinical symptoms and course indicators across severity grades.Results:A total of 220 botulism patients were included in this study, comprising 86 cases of foodborne poisoning (39.1%) and 134 cases of iatrogenic poisoning (60.9%). There was a significant difference in the distribution of poisoning severity between the two groups ( P=0.001), the proportion of severe poisoning was significantly higher in the foodborne group. Analysis of clinical symptoms indicated that, among patients with mild poisoning, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly higher in the foodborne group, compared to that in the iatrogenic group (44.0% vs. 16.4%, P=0.006). In patients with moderate poisoning, the iatrogenic group exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of hoarseness (60.5% vs. 35.7%, P=0.041) and neck weakness (53.5% vs. 17.9%, P=0.003) compared to the foodborne group. Conversely, the foodborne cohort experienced a notably longer interval before seeking medical attention when compared to their iatrogenic counterparts (2.25 d vs. 1.50 d, P=0.003). Among severe poisoning patients, the foodborne group exhibited a higher likelihood of experiencing fever (51.5% vs. 25.0%, P=0.044) and abdominal distension accompanied by constipation (69.7% vs. 41.7%, P=0.034) when compared to the iatrogenic group. Furthermore, the foodborne cohort demonstrated a significantly shorter incubation period (1.00 d vs. 2.45 d, P<0.001), an extended length of hospitalization (22.0 d vs. 16.00 d, P=0.001), and a prolonged duration of antitoxin therapy (14.00 d vs. 9.50 d, P<0.001), alongside a markedly higher total dosage administered (315 900 U vs. 163 300 U, P<0.001) compared to their iatrogenic counterparts. Conclusions:Statistically significant differences exist between food-borne and iatrogenic botulism. Food-borne botulism is characterized by acute onset, greater severity, and a prolonged course, predominantly featuring systemic symptoms and gastrointestinal dysfunction. In contrast, iatrogenic botulism primarily manifests with ocular and oropharyngeal muscle symptoms and is generally less severe.

The eukaryotic genome is folded into higher-order conformation accompanied with constrained dynamics for coordinated genome functions. However, the molecular machinery underlying these hierarchically organized three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture and dynamics remains poorly understood. Here by combining imaging and sequencing, we studied the role of lamin B1 in chromatin architecture and dynamics. We found that lamin B1 depletion leads to detachment of lamina-associated domains (LADs) from the nuclear periphery accompanied with global chromatin redistribution and decompaction. Consequently, the inter-chromosomal as well as inter-compartment interactions are increased, but the structure of topologically associating domains (TADs) is not affected. Using live-cell genomic loci tracking, we further proved that depletion of lamin B1 leads to increased chromatin dynamics, owing to chromatin decompaction and redistribution toward nucleoplasm. Taken together, our data suggest that lamin B1 and chromatin interactions at the nuclear periphery promote LAD maintenance, chromatin compaction, genomic compartmentalization into chromosome territories and A/B compartments and confine chromatin dynamics, supporting their crucial roles in chromatin higher-order structure and chromatin dynamics.
Chromatin ; Chromosomes ; Genome ; Humans ; Lamin Type B/genetics*

Objective To study the clinical value of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative treatment of type Ⅰ (Todami,1975) biliary dilatation (BD) of children.Methods To retrospectively analyze the data of children with type Ⅰ BD who were treated in the General Surgery Department of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital from June 2014 to May 2018.A total of twenty children with type Ⅰ BD treated with ERAS and 20 children treated with the traditional method in our department were selected in this study using the random number table method.Postoperative indicators (including operation time,first defecation time,changes in amylase in blood and abdominal cavity exudates,length of hospital stay,and hospitalization fee) and relevant postoperative complications (including sore throat,nausea and vomiting,urethral pain,upper respiratory tract infection,incision wound infection,adhesive intestinal obstruction,anastomotic leakage and pancreatic fistula) of the ERAS group and the control group were compared.Results The first defecation time,length of hospital stay and hospitalization fee were significantly lower in the ERAS group than the control group (all P ＜ 0.05) [first defecation time (1.98 ± 0.25) d vs.(2.25 ± 0.31) d;length of hospital stay (6.91 ± 1.25) d vs.(9.95 ± 1.53) d;hospitalization fee (23.32 ± 2.25)thousand yuan vs.(25.99 ±3.10) thousand yuan].Moreover,the incidences of sore throat,nausea and vomiting,urethral pain and upper respiratory tract infection were significantly lower in the ERAS group than the control group (all P ＜ 0.05) [the incidences of sore throat (5.0％ vs.45.0％);the incidences of sickness and vomiting (5.0％ vs.30.0％);the incidences of urethral pain (5.0％ vs.45.0％);the incidences of upper respiratory tract infection (5.0％ vs.40.0％)].On the other hand,there were no significant differences in the mean operation times,changes in amylase levels in the blood or abdominal cavity exudates,incision wound infection,and incidences of adhesive intestinal obstruction,anastomotic leakage and pancreatic fistula (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions ERAS for type Ⅰ BD surgery was safe and reliable in children.It effectively promoted recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function and reduced the incidence of complications.

Objective:To explore the value of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiographic imaging (2D-STI) for assessing partial and global left ventricular functional changes at pre-and post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion.
Methods:Echocardiograph was conducted in 23 chronic total coronary occlusion patients at pre-PCI and 1 day, 3, 6 months post-PCI to examine left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), meanwhile 2D-STI was applied to obtain the global longitudinal strain (GLS) value of left ventricle.
Results:In all 23 patients, for LVEF, compared with pre-PCI (59.29±12.15)%, it was increased at 3 and 6 months post-PCI (60.00±12.35)%and (61.37±11.8)%respectively, all P<0.05;for GLS value, compared with pre-PCI (-12.77d wit )%, it was decreased at 1 day and 3, 6 months post-PCI (-13.23ecrea)%and (-15.67ecrea)%, (-16.97ecrea)%respectively, all P<0.05.
Conclusion:PCI could effectively improve left ventricular function in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion, 2D-STI technology may quantitatively assess those changes at the early stage.

OBJECTIVE:To screen antioxidant active components of Schisandra chinensis. METHODS:The orthogonal test was adopted to optimize extraction technology using DPPH free radical scavenging activity(IC50)as index and ethanol volume frac-tion,material-liquid ratio and extraction time as factors,and the verification test were made. The fractions(SC-0,SC-10,SC-30, SC-50,SC-70,SC-95) were made by extracting and purifying S. chinensis with macroporous resin with water and 10%,30%, 50%,70%and 95%ethanol. With IC50 and total antioxidant capacity(determined by ABTS method)as indexes(vitamin C as pos-itive control),the antioxidant active components of S. chinensis were optimized. The contents of 5 kinds of lignan in different posi-tions of S. chinensis were determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The optimal extraction condition of S. chinensis was as follows as 60% ethanol,material-liquid ratio of 1∶14,extracting for 2.0 h. The average IC50 of DPPH free radical scavenging activity was 23.81 mg/ml(RSD=0.52%,n=3)in verification test. SC-0 did not have antioxidant abilities. DPPH free radical scavenging activi-ty of those components (ie. the IC50 value from low to high) were in the following order of positive control>SC-50>SC-30>SC-95>SC-70>SC-10;total antioxidant ability of them were in the following order of SC-50>positive control>SC-30>SC-70>SC-95>SC-10;the contents of 5 types of lignan in different components were in the following order of SC-70>SC-50>SC-95>SC-30. CONCLUSIONS:The antioxidant active component of S. chinensis is 50%ethanol eluate.

Objective To compare the di-syllabic tone between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children. Methods 120 hearing-impaired children and 36 normal-hearing children aged 3~5 years were asked to read aloud 32 word with 16 kinds of di-syllabic tone. Results All the normal-hearing children read all the words correctly, and the hearing-impaired children faulted in pronouncing as their peers. The correct incidence improved in 4-year old hearing-impaired children compared with that of the 3-year old, but it was not significant different between the 4- and the 5- year old. There was not significant difference of the high and level tone between the hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children. However, the rising, falling- rising and falling tones were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion The hearing-impaired children aged 3~5 years delay to speech words with di-syllabic tone, especially for those with rising, falling-rising and falling tones.

Objective:In order to study the morphological diversification in heterotopic liver auxiliary transplantation(HLAT). Methods:HLAT model in rats was established, the status of rats survival and graft function was evaluated postoperatively by rheometer, SPECT electrical microscope etc. Results:Rat HLAT model was feasible, the operative success rate was 93.3%, one week postoperative survival rate was 80%,the survival time without complications was more than 3 months. The function of the native liver was not affected, as the time goes by, the graft become atrophic after 45 days postoperatively. Conclusion:In HLAT model, the function of the native liver was not affected, 45-days-after the transplantation, the graft become atrophic.

Objective To expound emphatically the application of nuclear medical examination in primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods 22 patients (19 adenomas,3 hyperplasia) with primary hyperparathyroidism confirmed by clinical examination and surgery underwent the detection of parathormone (PTH) by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and double phase 99 Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging,of whom 15 performed 99 TcmO-4 thyroid imaging and 8 99 Tcm-MDP bone imaging.Results The level of serum PTH in all patients (428.21±256.48) was significantly higher as compared to normal value and in cases with adenomas (781.83±194.56) was markedly elevated.The sensitivity of 99 Tcm-MIBI early and delayed phase imaging in detecting lesions of parathyroid adenomas was 84.2% and 100%,respectively.The sensitivity in detecting lesions of hyperplasia was only 33.3%.With 99 Tcm-O-4 thryoid imaging,the cold nodules were present in 2 and normality in 13.As to bone imaging,the scans were abnormal in 7.Their severities on bone scintigraph were correlated with the duration of the disease.Conclusions The level of serum PTH detected by IRMA and double phase 99 Tcm-MIBI parathyroid imaging are both sensitive methods in qualitative diagnosis and localization of hyperthyroidism.99Tcm-MIBI imaging has limited value for detecting the hyperplasia.The thyroid and bone imaging may well improve the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy,and reflect the stage and progress of hyperparathyroidism.