Objective To longitudinally investigate the characteristics of postoperative weight changes in patients with esophageal cancer and analyze its influencing factors, which can provide certain guidance for nutritional intervention in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods Patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment at the Sichuan Cancer Hospital from December 2020 to February 2022 were prospectively included. The general information questionnaire and body composition analyzer were used to longitudinally investigate the patients’ weight and body composition before surgery (T0), 1 month after surgery (T1), 3 months after surgery (T2) and 6 months after surgery (T3), and the change characteristics were analyzed. The generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the influencing factors for postoperative weight changes in patients with esophageal cancer. Results A total of 130 patients were enrolled, including 110 males and 20 females, aged 42-79 (63.33±8.16) years. The weight and body composition of patients with esophageal cancer showed a continuous slow downward trend within 6 months after surgery. The weight loss rate of patients at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery was 5.10%, 7.76%, and 9.86%, respectively. The analysis results of the influencing factors for postoperative weight showed that patients with the following characteristics had more weight loss: female (β=−7.703, P=0.001), ≥60 years (β=−3.657, P=0.010), smoking (β=4.622, P=0.010), low tumor differentiation degree (β=4.314, P=0.039), and high frequency of eating (β=−3.400, P=0.008). Conclusion Weight loss is an important health problem for patients with esophageal cancer after surgery, and patients have a continuous downward trend in weight within 6 months after surgery. Medical staff should pay special attention to the patients who are female, ≥60 years, having smoking history and low tumor differentiation degree.

Objective: To investigate the implementation and evaluate the effectiveness of health management services for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Urumqi City from 2017 to 2021, so as to provide the reference for enhancing T2DM patients management. Methods: Data on the rates of record establishment, health management and standardized management for T2DM patients, and blood glucose control rate in managed patients in Urumqi City from 2017 to 2021 were collected through the quarterly reports on basic public health service management from the Weining Health Platform System. The trends in the four management indicators, and the differences between urban and rural areas were analyzed. Results: The rates of record establishment, health management and blood glucose control rate in managed patients in Urumqi City were 46.94%, 38.37% and 59.92%, respectively, showing upward trends from 2017 to 2021 (all P<0.05). The rate of standardized management was 75.89%, showing a downward trend (P<0.05). The rate of record establishment was higher in urban areas than in rural areas (47.76% vs. 40.56%, P<0.05). The rates of standardized management and blood glucose control in managed patients were lower in urban areas than in rural areas (75.18% vs. 81.46%, 58.93% vs. 67.64%, both P<0.05). The rate of health management was 38.39% in urban areas and 38.24% in rural areas, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The trends in the rates of record establishment, health management and standardized management in both urban and rural areas were consistent with those in the overall population. Conclusions From 2017 to 2021, the rates of record establishment, health management and blood glucose control in managed patients in Urumqi City showed upward trends, while the rate of standardized management exhibited a downward trend. There were urban-rural differences in the rates of record establishment, standardized management and blood glucose control in managed patients.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fuzuloparib for the treatment of ovarian epithelial cancer patients in the real world setting.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the baseline data of 4 620 ovarian cancer patients who had received fuzuloparib monotherapy or combination therapy. Another 224 ovarian cancer patients who were willing to receive fuzuloparib monotherapy or combination therapy were prospectively enrolled, and their baseline characteristics, drug effectiveness, and safety data were analyzed.Results:(1) Among the 4 620 patients in the retrospective cohort, the median age of patients was 60 years; tumor types: 89.8% (4 149/4 620) had ovarian cancer. Among patients with clearly documented information, the vast majority had a histological type of serous carcinoma (82.9%, 3 770/4 546) and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging of Ⅲ-Ⅳ (90.9%, 1 537/1 691). (2) Among the 224 patients in the prospective cohort, the median age of patients was 57 years; tumor types: 83.9% (188/224) had ovarian cancer. Among patients with clearly documented records, the predominant pathologic type was serous carcinoma (91.9%, 193/210), and FIGO stage was Ⅲ-Ⅳ in 79.9% (139/174). (3) Among the 224 prospective patients: 84 patients received first-line fluzoparib maintenance therapy, 92 patients received fluzoparib maintenance therapy after platinum-sensitive recurrence, 23 patients received direct fluzoparib treatment after platinum-sensitive recurrence, 19 patients received direct fluzoparib treatment after platinum-resistant recurrence. The median follow-up durations were 8.5, 8.7, 7.9, and 6.7 months, respectively. The median durations of fluzoparib treatment were 6.7, 4.8, 3.1, and 1.9 months, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) times were not reached during follow-up, 12.6 months, not reached during follow-up, and 4.8 months, respectively. The 1-year PFS rates were 84.1%, 55.0%, 69.8%, and 45.5%, respectively. The remaining 6 patients received other fluzoparib regimens. (4) Among the 224 patients in the prospective dataset, 205 had safety data recorded. Of these, 127 patients (62.0%, 127/205) experienced treatment-related adverse events, with common events including anemia (24.4%, 50/205), thrombocytopenia (21.0%, 43/205), and leukopenia (19.5%, 40/205). Among the 205 patients, 43 (21.0%, 43/205) experienced grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events, with common events including anemia (8.3%, 17/205) and thrombocytopenia (8.3%, 17/205).Conclusions:The effectiveness of fuzuloparib in clinical application is generally consistent with other drugs in the same class, with good safety. This study provids new clinical evidence for the treatment of ovarian cancer with fuzuloparib.

BACKGROUND:Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are widely used for bone repair and reconstruction,significantly enhancing osteogenesis and promoting angiogenesis.OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanisms of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures.METHODS:H uman umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using tissue block culture method.Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using ultracentrifugation method for identification.Thirty 12-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=6)and ovariectomized group(n=24).Osteoporosis model was established by castration in the ovariectomized group.12 weeks after modeling,6 rats in the ovariectomized group and 6 rats in the sham-operated group were randomly selected for Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin staining to verify the models.After verification,the remaining 18 rats in the ovariectomized group were randomly assigned to three groups to establish osteoporotic fracture models.The fracture end was separately injected with PBS(PBS group),exosomes at 1.5×1011 particles/mL(low-concentration exosome group),and 3×1011 particles/mL(high-concentration exosome group).Four weeks after operation,fracture healing and bone angiogenesis were evaluated by imaging and histological observations.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the gross specimens,compared with the PBS group,the exosome group had faster fracture healing and more callus formation.(2)The X-ray score of fracture healing in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group,and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).(3)Micro-CT three-dimensional imaging:Compared with the PBS group,the fracture healing in the exosome group was accelerated and the callus formation was significantly increased;the bone volume fraction in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group,and the difference was significant(P＜0.01).(4)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining showed that bone trabeculae and the new bone tissue in the exosome group were more than those in the PBS group.(5)Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of CD31 and osteocalcin in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group.The high-concentration exosome group had a higher density of new blood vessels,more callus formation,and faster fracture healing than the low-concentration exosome group,showing a concentration-dependent manner.The results show that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can promote the repair of osteoporotic fracture by enhancing the angiogenesis and osteogenesis.The mechanism may be related to the increased expression of CD31 and osteocalcin.

Follicular lymphoma(FL)is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,and its treatment options face many challenges.This paper discusses the pathogenesis and treatment of FL based on the clear-turbid theory in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)."The clear and the turbid being related,and the rise and fall of qi being disorderly"is the basic pathogenesis of FL.As the disease progres-ses,"evil qi being blocked inside,and turbid evil harming the clear"aggravates,and finally"evil qi is strong and the disease progres-ses,and evil poison is generated inside".Based on this theory,the method of raising the clear and lowering the turbid and the method of dispersing the clear and removing the turbid are proposed to treat FL.The emphasis of raising the clear and lowering the turbid is to take raising and lowering as the key,movement and stillness as the pivot,and to treat the middle jiao;the emphasis of dispersing the clear and removing the turbid is to clear the triple jiao,warm the yang and invigorate the qi,and harmonize the spleen and kidney.Ca-ses are attached to illustrate,providing new ideas for the TCM treatment of FL.

Objective To evaluate the productivity,quality,and thematic focus of Chinese-language medical research from various regions and institutions across the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region between 2018 and 2022,providing guidance for the future development of regional medical science and technology.Methods Data were extracted from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database,The extracted Chinese-language medical literature affiliated with institutions in Inner Mongolia from 2018 to 2022 was analyzed using bibliometric indicators:publication volume,journal quality,research disciplinary distribution,and regional/institutional contributions.Results A total of 17,098 articles were published over five years,with an average annual output of 3 420 papers.Core journals accounted for 30.96%,including 2.82% in the Chinese Science Citation Database(CSCD),9.14% in Peking University Core Journals,and 31.30% in science and technology core journals.General journals accounted for 68.14% .The predominant research focus was"medicine and health"(90.90% ),with Chinese medicine(22.03% ),internal medicine(16.98%),and oncology(16.46%)being the most represented disciplines.Regionally,Ho-hhot(47.73%),Baotou(24.93%),and Chifeng(8.79%)had the highest output.Most publications originated from tertiary hospitals,general hospitals,and higher education institutions.Among the top 20 contributing institutions,Inner Mongolia Medi-cal University(2 220 articles),its affiliated hospital(1 840 articles),and the Inner Mongolia People's Hospital(1 627 arti-cles)ranked on the top in publication volume.Conclusion The quality of the output research in Inner Mongolia requires further improvement,with notable regional disparities.It is recommended to strengthen research management,optimize resource alloca-tion,and promote technological innovation to address these challenges.

Objective To understand the pathogenic molecular characteristics of the latest prevalent Group A Streptococcus(GAS)in a suburban area of Beijing.Methods Throat swab specimens from children suspected of GAS infection in the outpatient setting of a sentinel surveillance hospital in a suburban area of Beijing from January 2023 to June 2025 were collected.GAS strains were detected and cultured.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 12 antimicrobial agents were performed,and molecular epidemiological characteristics of GAS strains was further ana-lyzed by whole genome sequencing technique.Results Data of 326 children suspected of GAS infection in outpatient setting were collected.A total of 41 GAS strains were detected and cultured,with a detection rate of 12.58％.The proportions of children with anterior cervical lymph node enlargement,tonsil congestion,and jaw congestion in the GAS positive group were all higher than those in the GAS negative group,and differences were all statistically sig-nificant(all P＜0.05).All 41 GAS strains carried both erm(B)and tet(M)resistance genes and exhibited a struc-tural type(cMLS)resistance phenotype.All of the emm12 strains were ST36,and emm1 strains were ST28.A to-tal of 6 emm12 subtypes and 1 emm1 subtype were detected,namely emm12.2,emm12.95,emm12.69,emm12.17,emm12.19,emm12.149,and emm1.12.Among them,emm12.149 was a newly discovered subtype.Nucleobase at the 175 100 locus in gene sequence had undergone an A→ T mutation.A total of 5 bacteriophages and 6 superanti-gens were detected.There were statistically significant differences in multi-nucleotide polymorphisms(MNPs)and insertion numbers in the genomes of emm12.0 and emm12 subtypes(both P＜0.05).The phylogenetic tree presen-ted a highly clonal group of 23 GAS strains in this area,accounting for 57.50％.Conclusion The prevalent GAS strain in this area is emm12.emm12.149 is a new subtype.The resistance genes and phenotypes are erm(B),tet(M),and structural type(cMLS).The genome has plenty genetic polymorphism,and the genome sequences of multiple GAS strains are highly cloned,indicating the possibility of clone transmission.This suggests that the sur-veillance of GAS in sentinel hospitals should continue to be strengthened,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of GAS epidemics.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fuzuloparib for the treatment of ovarian epithelial cancer patients in the real world setting.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the baseline data of 4 620 ovarian cancer patients who had received fuzuloparib monotherapy or combination therapy. Another 224 ovarian cancer patients who were willing to receive fuzuloparib monotherapy or combination therapy were prospectively enrolled, and their baseline characteristics, drug effectiveness, and safety data were analyzed.Results:(1) Among the 4 620 patients in the retrospective cohort, the median age of patients was 60 years; tumor types: 89.8% (4 149/4 620) had ovarian cancer. Among patients with clearly documented information, the vast majority had a histological type of serous carcinoma (82.9%, 3 770/4 546) and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging of Ⅲ-Ⅳ (90.9%, 1 537/1 691). (2) Among the 224 patients in the prospective cohort, the median age of patients was 57 years; tumor types: 83.9% (188/224) had ovarian cancer. Among patients with clearly documented records, the predominant pathologic type was serous carcinoma (91.9%, 193/210), and FIGO stage was Ⅲ-Ⅳ in 79.9% (139/174). (3) Among the 224 prospective patients: 84 patients received first-line fluzoparib maintenance therapy, 92 patients received fluzoparib maintenance therapy after platinum-sensitive recurrence, 23 patients received direct fluzoparib treatment after platinum-sensitive recurrence, 19 patients received direct fluzoparib treatment after platinum-resistant recurrence. The median follow-up durations were 8.5, 8.7, 7.9, and 6.7 months, respectively. The median durations of fluzoparib treatment were 6.7, 4.8, 3.1, and 1.9 months, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) times were not reached during follow-up, 12.6 months, not reached during follow-up, and 4.8 months, respectively. The 1-year PFS rates were 84.1%, 55.0%, 69.8%, and 45.5%, respectively. The remaining 6 patients received other fluzoparib regimens. (4) Among the 224 patients in the prospective dataset, 205 had safety data recorded. Of these, 127 patients (62.0%, 127/205) experienced treatment-related adverse events, with common events including anemia (24.4%, 50/205), thrombocytopenia (21.0%, 43/205), and leukopenia (19.5%, 40/205). Among the 205 patients, 43 (21.0%, 43/205) experienced grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events, with common events including anemia (8.3%, 17/205) and thrombocytopenia (8.3%, 17/205).Conclusions:The effectiveness of fuzuloparib in clinical application is generally consistent with other drugs in the same class, with good safety. This study provids new clinical evidence for the treatment of ovarian cancer with fuzuloparib.

Objective To understand the pathogenic molecular characteristics of the latest prevalent Group A Streptococcus(GAS)in a suburban area of Beijing.Methods Throat swab specimens from children suspected of GAS infection in the outpatient setting of a sentinel surveillance hospital in a suburban area of Beijing from January 2023 to June 2025 were collected.GAS strains were detected and cultured.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 12 antimicrobial agents were performed,and molecular epidemiological characteristics of GAS strains was further ana-lyzed by whole genome sequencing technique.Results Data of 326 children suspected of GAS infection in outpatient setting were collected.A total of 41 GAS strains were detected and cultured,with a detection rate of 12.58％.The proportions of children with anterior cervical lymph node enlargement,tonsil congestion,and jaw congestion in the GAS positive group were all higher than those in the GAS negative group,and differences were all statistically sig-nificant(all P＜0.05).All 41 GAS strains carried both erm(B)and tet(M)resistance genes and exhibited a struc-tural type(cMLS)resistance phenotype.All of the emm12 strains were ST36,and emm1 strains were ST28.A to-tal of 6 emm12 subtypes and 1 emm1 subtype were detected,namely emm12.2,emm12.95,emm12.69,emm12.17,emm12.19,emm12.149,and emm1.12.Among them,emm12.149 was a newly discovered subtype.Nucleobase at the 175 100 locus in gene sequence had undergone an A→ T mutation.A total of 5 bacteriophages and 6 superanti-gens were detected.There were statistically significant differences in multi-nucleotide polymorphisms(MNPs)and insertion numbers in the genomes of emm12.0 and emm12 subtypes(both P＜0.05).The phylogenetic tree presen-ted a highly clonal group of 23 GAS strains in this area,accounting for 57.50％.Conclusion The prevalent GAS strain in this area is emm12.emm12.149 is a new subtype.The resistance genes and phenotypes are erm(B),tet(M),and structural type(cMLS).The genome has plenty genetic polymorphism,and the genome sequences of multiple GAS strains are highly cloned,indicating the possibility of clone transmission.This suggests that the sur-veillance of GAS in sentinel hospitals should continue to be strengthened,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of GAS epidemics.

BACKGROUND:Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are widely used for bone repair and reconstruction,significantly enhancing osteogenesis and promoting angiogenesis.OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanisms of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures.METHODS:H uman umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using tissue block culture method.Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using ultracentrifugation method for identification.Thirty 12-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=6)and ovariectomized group(n=24).Osteoporosis model was established by castration in the ovariectomized group.12 weeks after modeling,6 rats in the ovariectomized group and 6 rats in the sham-operated group were randomly selected for Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin staining to verify the models.After verification,the remaining 18 rats in the ovariectomized group were randomly assigned to three groups to establish osteoporotic fracture models.The fracture end was separately injected with PBS(PBS group),exosomes at 1.5×1011 particles/mL(low-concentration exosome group),and 3×1011 particles/mL(high-concentration exosome group).Four weeks after operation,fracture healing and bone angiogenesis were evaluated by imaging and histological observations.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the gross specimens,compared with the PBS group,the exosome group had faster fracture healing and more callus formation.(2)The X-ray score of fracture healing in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group,and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).(3)Micro-CT three-dimensional imaging:Compared with the PBS group,the fracture healing in the exosome group was accelerated and the callus formation was significantly increased;the bone volume fraction in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group,and the difference was significant(P＜0.01).(4)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining showed that bone trabeculae and the new bone tissue in the exosome group were more than those in the PBS group.(5)Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of CD31 and osteocalcin in the exosome group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group.The high-concentration exosome group had a higher density of new blood vessels,more callus formation,and faster fracture healing than the low-concentration exosome group,showing a concentration-dependent manner.The results show that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can promote the repair of osteoporotic fracture by enhancing the angiogenesis and osteogenesis.The mechanism may be related to the increased expression of CD31 and osteocalcin.