Standardized training of newly recruited nurses is crucial for enhancing their clinical competencies and facilita-ting rapid adaptation to clinical environments.This approach aims to develop nursing professionals with advanced clinical skills and expertise.This paper reviews and analyzes the training paradigms for new nurses globally,focusing on the challenges faced in the standardized training of new nurses in China,to provide insights and references for future training programs.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of WeChat group integrating with BOPPPS instructional model in the standardized training of nurses in an orthopedics department.Methods A total of 56 nurses in orthopedical standardized training from a hospital were selected and divided into a control group(28 nurses from September 2022 to August 2023)and an interven-tion group(28 nurses trained via WeChat groups and the BOPPPS model from September 2023 to August 2024).The two groups were compared in terms of their final assessment scores,critical thinking,and self-directed learning capabilities.Results After training,the intervention group had significantly higher scores in the final assessment,all items of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory,and all dimensions of the Learning Ability Assessment Scale compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion WeChat groups combined with the BOPPPS teaching mode effectively improves the self-directed learning ability,critical thinking skills,and assessment results of orthopedic nurses.

Objective:To evaluate the early efficacy and safety of the exclusively transnasal endoscopic approach and the combined transconjunctival-endoscopic approach in the resection of benign orbital apex lesions.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 patients who underwent transnasal endoscopic resection of benign lesions in the orbital apex at Peking University Third Hospital from May 2021 to December 2024. The study population was composed of 17 males and 34 females, with the age of (39.4±12.4) years (range: 4 to 65 years). Pathology diagnoses were identified as orbital cavernous hemangioma (OCH, n=38), schwannoma ( n=8), solitary fibrous tumor ( n=1), mucocele ( n=1), optic nerve sheath meningioma ( n=1), pseudotumor ( n=1), and organized hematoma ( n=1). Two surgical approaches were compared as the exclusively transnasal endoscopic resection ( n=27) and the combined transconjunctival-endoscopic approach (combined approach, n=24). Preoperative and postoperative evaluations were conducted for the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field, intraocular pressure (IOP), and exophthalmos before and after surgery. Demographic characteristics, tumor features, and postoperative complications were analyzed between the two surgical groups. Differences in Orbital Resection by Intranasal Technique (ORBIT) stage between the two surgical approaches were analyzed. SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 51 patients, 3 schwannomas underwent intracapsular resection (1 via exclusively transnasal endoscopic approach, and 2 via combined approach), and the remaining 48 patients underwent complete tumor resection. Significant postoperative improvements were observed in BCVA, visual field, IOP and exophthalmos ( t value was 2.96, 4.34, 4.85, and 4.63, respectively, all P<0.05). The combined approach required longer operative time but showed comparable intraoperative blood loss. Tumors resected via the combined approach were larger in volume, though not statistically significant. Postoperative complications (e.g., diplopia, mydriasis) were more frequent in the combined approach group but resolved within a short-term period. There was no significant difference in ORBIT stage between the two groups ( P=0.178). Conclusions:Both exclusively transnasal and combined transconjunctival-endoscopic approaches prove safe and effective for benign orbital apex lesions resection. The combined approach ensures complete tumor removal.

Objective:To quickly identify the causes of morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes that are detected during health checkups for recruitment of flying cadets, and to explore its role in medical selection.Methods:Students with hemoglobin (Hb)≥110 g/L and morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes detected during the 2023 medical selection of flying cadets by Guangzhou Selection Center were selected. Their medical history was collected, and iron metabolism, Hb electrophoresis and hemoglobin H (HbH) inclusion bodies were examined to screen for thalassemia and iron deficiency. The diagnosis of thalassemia was confirmed by thalassemia gene testing. Those with iron deficiency received iron supplementation therapy and the recovery of Hb was observed.Results:Ninety-one students were diagnosed with Hb≥110 g/L and morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes, accounting for 4.35% of the total. Among these cases, 85 with abnormal Hb electrophoresis and/or positive HbH inclusion body detection were confirmed as thalassemia minor via thalassemia genetic testing, and 3 cases with normal iron metabolism, Hb electrophoresis, and negative HbH inclusion body detection. A total of 88 cases of thalassemia minor were diagnosed, accounting for 96.70% of the total. Among them, 2 cases were complicated with iron deficiency while 3 were diagnosed with iron deficiency erythropoiesis. Out of the 91 students with Hb≥110 g/L and morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes, 9 were recruited, including 7 cases with thalassemia minor (Hb≥130 g/L), 1 case with thalassemia minor combined with iron deficiency erythropoiesis (Hb≥130 g/L after iron supplementation), and 1 case with iron deficiency erythropoiesis (Hb≥130 g/L after iron supplementation). Among the 9 recruits, 8 were followed up for over one year and the results of their military physical fitness tests all reached or exceeded the standards, but the remaining one dropped out and lost contact.Conclusions:Among physical examinees during medical selection of flying cadets in South China, thalassemia is the leading cause of morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes. Results of iron metabolism, Hb electrophoresis, and HbH inclusion body detection can help identify thalassemia and iron deficiency quickly. Cases of morphological abnormalities of microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes caused by iron deficiency can be considered eligible for selection after Hb levels return to normal following iron supplementation therapy. Students who are diagnosed with thalassemia with Hb<130 g/L can be determined as ineligible. Such rapid identification can facilitate the medical selection of the above 2 types of students.

Objective:To evaluate the early efficacy and safety of transnasal endoscopic surgical resection of orbital cavernous hemangioma (OCH) at orbital resection by intranasal technique (ORBIT) stage Ⅲ.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 20 patients (20 eyes) who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery to remove ORBIT stage Ⅲ OCH at the Third Hospital of Peking University from July 2021 to July 2024. The cohort were included 10 males and 10 females, aged from 25 to 59 years, with a mean follow-up time of (5.10±4.51) months. Preoperative symptoms included visual field defects in 19 patients (95%), decreased visual acuity in 18 patients (90%), exophthalmos in 2 patients (10%), diplopia in 2 patients (10%), headache in 2 patients (10%), ocular pain in 2 patients (10%), and color vision abnormalities in 1 patient (5%). Data on patient demographics, medical history, imaging data, surgical approach, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Pre-and post-surgical outcomes including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field, proptosis, and intraocular pressure were compared. Surgical approaches included transnasal endoscopic OCH resection (12 cases, 60%) and transnasal endoscopic combined conjunctival approach OCH resection (8 cases, 40%). The results of the postoperative 2-week review were used as the postoperative short-term efficacy data, and those at 3 months were used for postoperative therapeutic efficacy analysis. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was applied for statistical analysis.Results:In 20 patients, all OCH were completely resected, and the BCVA, visual field, and exophthalmos were significantly improved post-operatively. The differences were statistically significant before and after surgery ( t values were 3.169, 5.127, and 3.350, respectively, all P<0.05). There were no serious complications in the short term after surgery. The short-term complications after endoscopic surgery alone were mainly new-onset diplopia in 1 case (1/12), and the short-term complications after combined approach were new-onset diplopia in 5 cases (5/8) and pupil dilation in 2 cases (2/8). All short-term complications recovered within 3 months, and no serious or permanent complications occurred in the long-term follow. Conclusion:The endoscopic transnasal surgery is a safe and effective approach for complete resection of ORBIT stage Ⅲ OCH, with promising early results.

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) after off-pump coronary bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang data, CBM, VIP, and CNKI databases were systematically searched by computer to collect studies related to the risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG from the establishment of the database to July 2023. Literature screening and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. RevMan 5.3 and Stata15.0 were used for meta-analysis. Results Finally, 19 case-control studies related to the risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG were included, all of which were high-quality literature with NOS score≥6 points, with a total of 7019 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that the following factors were associated with NOAF after OPCABG: (1) the patient’s own factors: age (MD=3.51, 95%CI 2.39 to 4.63, P<0.01); (2) preoperative factors: history of hypertension (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.32, P=0.01), history of myocardial infarction (OR=1.21, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.38, P<0.01), history of percutaneous coronary intervention (OR=2.22, 95%CI 1.03 to 4.77, P=0.04), EuroSCOREⅡ score (MD=0.59, 95%CI 0.25 to 0.94, P<0.01), low-density lipoprotein (MD=0.11, 95%CI 0.02 to 0.20, P=0.02), left atrial diameter (MD=1.64, 95%CI 0.24 to 3.04, P=0.02); (3) postoperative and treatment factors: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (MD=1.16, 95%CI 0.33 to 1.99, P<0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction (MD=0.90, 95%CI 0.07 to 1.73, P=0.03), mechanical ventilation time (MD=2.78, 95%CI 1.65 to 3.90, P<0.01), B-type natriuretic peptide (MD=219.67, 95%CI 27.46 to 411.88, P=0.03), ICU retention time (MD=7.07, 95%CI 5.64 to 8.50, P<0.01). Conclusion The existing evidence shows that age, history of hypertension, history of myocardial infarction, history of percutaneous coronary intervention, preoperative EuroSCOREⅡscore, preoperative low-density lipoprotein, preoperative left atrial diameter, postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide, and postoperative ICU retention time are risk factors for NOAF after OPCABG. Clinical attention should be paid to the above factors to achieve early identification, thereby reducing the incidence of NOAF after OPCABG and improving the clinical prognosis of patients.

Drug repurposing offers a promising alternative to traditional drug development and significantly re-duces costs and timelines by identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs.However,the current approaches often rely on limited data sources and simplistic hypotheses,which restrict their ability to capture the multi-faceted nature of biological systems.This study introduces adaptive multi-view learning(AMVL),a novel methodology that integrates chemical-induced transcriptional profiles(CTPs),knowledge graph(KG)embeddings,and large language model(LLM)representations,to enhance drug repurposing predictions.AMVL incorporates an innovative similarity matrix expansion strategy and leverages multi-view learning(MVL),matrix factorization,and ensemble optimization techniques to integrate heterogeneous multi-source data.Comprehensive evaluations on benchmark datasets(Fdata-set,Cdataset,and Ydataset)and the large-scale iDrug dataset demonstrate that AMVL outperforms state-of-the-art(SOTA)methods,achieving superior accuracy in predicting drug-disease associations across multiple metrics.Literature-based validation further confirmed the model's predictive capabilities,with seven out of the top ten predictions corroborated by post-2011 evidence.To promote transparency and reproducibility,all data and codes used in this study were open-sourced,providing resources for pro-cessing CTPs,KG,and LLM-based similarity calculations,along with the complete AMVL algorithm and benchmarking procedures.By unifying diverse data modalities,AMVL offers a robust and scalable so-lution for accelerating drug discovery,fostering advancements in translational medicine and integrating multi-omics data.We aim to inspire further innovations in multi-source data integration and support the development of more precise and efficient strategies for advancing drug discovery and translational medicine.

Aptamers are a class of short DNA/RNA single strand oligonucleotides that can bind to target molecules with high affinity specificity. They have the advantages of high affinity specificity, low molecular weight and low immunogenicity, and have been widely used in biomedical research, clinical diagnosis and therapy, and biosensor development. Systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is an in vitro screening technique, which enriches the aptamers with high affinity and specific binding to the target through multiple cycles of screening, and has a wide range of applications in tumor therapy.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory tract infections oc-currence and respiratory system prognosis in infantile stage of children patients with bronchopulmonary dys-plasia(BPD).Methods Fifty premature infants with lower respiratory tract infection and BPD treated in this hospital from March 2017 to December 2020 were selected as the BPD group and 50 preterm infants with low-er respiratory tract infection without BPD during the same period were selected as the non-BPD group.The clinical data and occurrence situation of respiratory system diseases within 3 years after birth in the two groups were collected and analyzed.Results Compared with the non-BPD group,the incidence rates of tachy-pnoea(48.0%vs.12.0%),wheeze(44.0%vs.10.0%),wheezing rale(44.0%vs.10.0%),three concave sign(28.0%vs.8.0%),cyanosis(20.0%vs.4.0%),severe pneumonia(48.0%vs.12.0%)and respirato-ry failure(20.0%vs.4.0%)in the BPD group were higher,the hospitalization duration[7.5(7.0,10.0)d vs.7.0(6.0,7.0)d]was longer,the reaching peak time ratio[18.20%(14.65%,22.25%)vs.24.85%(19.55%,32.78%)],the reaching peak volume ratio[22.15%(19.43%,23.83%)vs.25.65%(22.40%,34.90%)]and the inspiratory/expiratory ratio(0.70±0.12 vs.0.76±0.11)were lower,the 3-year total lower respiratory tract infection times[5.0(4.0,10.0)times vs.3.0(2.0,5.0)times],wheeze times[2.0(1.0,4.0)times vs.0.5(0,1.0)times],the hospitalization times[3.00(2.00,5.00)times vs.2.00(1.00,2.00)times],severe pneumonia times[2.0(1.0,2.0)times vs.1.0(0,1.0)times]and wheeze times in differ-ent ages were more,total hospitalization duration[29.50(19.50,38.25)d vs.13.00(7.00,17.75)d]was lon-ger,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The children patients with BPD are prone to lower respiratory tract infections,especially 0-<1 years old,the proportion of severe pneumonia af-ter infection is higher and wheezing is easily to develop.

Objective To explore the application of plasma 7 microRNA (miR7) testing in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This study is a multicenter real-world study. Patients with single hepatic lesion (maximum diameter≤2 cm) who underwent plasma miR7 testing at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital, and Peking University People’s Hospital between January 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into very early-stage HCC group and non-HCC group, and the clinical pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. The value of plasma miR7 levels, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage HCC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). In patients with both negative AFP and DCP (AFP＜20 ng/mL, DCP＜40 mAU/mL), the diagnostic value of plasma miR7 for very early-stage HCC was analyzed. Results A total of 64 528 patients from 4 hospitals underwent miR7 testing, and 1 682 were finally included, of which 1 073 were diagnosed with very early-stage HCC and 609 were diagnosed with non-HCC. The positive rate of miR7 in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in non-HCC patients (67.9% vs 24.3%, P＜0.001). ROC curves showed that the AUCs for miR7, AFP, and DCP in distinguishing HCC patients from the non-HCC individuals were 0.718, 0.682, and 0.642, respectively. The sensitivities were 67.85%, 43.71%, and 44.45%, and the specificities were 75.70%, 92.78%, and 83.91%, respectively. The pairwise comparison of AUCs showed that the diagnostic efficacy of plasma miR7 detection was significantly better than that of AFP or DCP (P＜0.05). Although its specificity was slightly lower than AFP and DCP, the sensitivity was significantly higher. Among patients negative for both AFP and DCP, miR7 maintained an AUC of 0.728 for diagnosing very early-stage HCC, with 67.82% sensitivity and 77.73% specificity. Conclusions Plasma miR7 testing is a potential molecular marker with high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of small hepatic nodules. In patients with very early-stage HCC lacking effective molecular markers (negative for both AFP and DCP), miR7 can serve as a novel and effective molecular marker to assist diagnosis.