Escherichia coli(E.coli)is a key pathogenic bacterium responsible for postpartum endo-metritis,with its colonization in the reproductive tract closely associated with endometrial damage and disruption of the ovarian cycle.This ultimately leads to infertility,causing significant economic losses to the dairy industry.Macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response.This study aims to investigate the mRNA expression profile of bovine bone marrow-derived macropha-ges following E.coli infection using RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology.Additionally,it seeks to identify the biological functions and signaling pathways of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)through Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses.The results demonstrated that E.coli infection induced differential expression of 4 522 genes,with 2 141 upregulated and 2 381 downregulated.These genes were primarily asso-ciated with inflammatory responses,where TLR2,TLR4,NLRP3,and PTGS2 played pivotal roles.PGD2 synthesis was mediated by TLR2,TLR4,and NLRP3.Transcriptome sequencing of bovine bone marrow-derived macrophages infected with E.coli and treated with a PGD2 inhibitor revealed a marked downregulation of TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression.qPCR validation results were highly consistent with the RNA-seq findings.This study elucidates the interactive regulatory roles of TLR2,TLR4,and NLRP3 in conjunction with PGD2,which collectively modulate bovine endome-tritis.These findings offer significant molecular insights that enhance our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying bovine endometritis,thereby informing its prevention and treatment strategies.

Escherichia coli(E.coli)is a key pathogenic bacterium responsible for postpartum endo-metritis,with its colonization in the reproductive tract closely associated with endometrial damage and disruption of the ovarian cycle.This ultimately leads to infertility,causing significant economic losses to the dairy industry.Macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response.This study aims to investigate the mRNA expression profile of bovine bone marrow-derived macropha-ges following E.coli infection using RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology.Additionally,it seeks to identify the biological functions and signaling pathways of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)through Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses.The results demonstrated that E.coli infection induced differential expression of 4 522 genes,with 2 141 upregulated and 2 381 downregulated.These genes were primarily asso-ciated with inflammatory responses,where TLR2,TLR4,NLRP3,and PTGS2 played pivotal roles.PGD2 synthesis was mediated by TLR2,TLR4,and NLRP3.Transcriptome sequencing of bovine bone marrow-derived macrophages infected with E.coli and treated with a PGD2 inhibitor revealed a marked downregulation of TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression.qPCR validation results were highly consistent with the RNA-seq findings.This study elucidates the interactive regulatory roles of TLR2,TLR4,and NLRP3 in conjunction with PGD2,which collectively modulate bovine endome-tritis.These findings offer significant molecular insights that enhance our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying bovine endometritis,thereby informing its prevention and treatment strategies.

The radial support capacity of intravascular stent is usually evaluated by the planar compression or the radial compression methods. Based on FEM simulation, the planer and radial compression methods are compared, and the agreement of the evaluation for the radial support capacity between these two methods is found. Moreover, the planer compression method is used to study the geometric parameters' effect on the radial support capacity by numerical simulations and experiments. Results show that, at the beginning of the compression process, the radial support capacity is mainly influenced by the metal-to-artery surface ratio; at large compression rate, the radial support capacity will decrease sharply with the increment of post-expansion diameter and decrement of the thickness and metal-to-artery surface ratio. The results provide guidance to the design and test of stents.
Computer Simulation ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Prosthesis Design ; Software ; Stents