Objective To investigate the changes of fibrinogen/albumin ratio(FAR)and uric acid/high-density cholesterol ratio(UHR)in elderly patients with type 2diabetic kidney disease(DKD),as well as the value of the above indexes for early diagnosis of DKD.Methods 310 elderly type 2diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients were selected and divided into 106 cases in the simple T2DM group,121 cases in the early DKD group and 83 cases in the clinical DKD group according to the urinary microalbumin/urine creatinine ratio(UACR),and the general data and laboratory data of the three groups were compared.Results With the increase of proteinuria,FAR and UHR were significantly elevated,and FAR and UHR were higher in the early DKD group and clinical DKD group than in the sim-ple T2DM group,and FAR was higher in the clinical DKD group than in the early DKD group,and the differences were statistically signif-icant(P＜0.05).Spearman's correlation analysis showed that both UHR and FAR were positively correlated with UACR(r=0.174,P=0.002;r=0.445,P＜0.001),UA(r=0.783,P＜0.001;r=0.147,P=0.010),Cr(r=0.392,P＜0.001;r=0.332,P＜0.001),and negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.114,P=0.045;r=-0.374,P＜0.001).In addition,UHR was positively correlated with FAR(r=0.147,P=0.010).The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that long disease course,high glycated hemoglo-bin level,high systolic blood pressure,high FAR,and high UHR were risk factors for the occurrence of DKD(P＜0.05);among which long disease course,high FAR,and high UHR were risk factors for the occurrence of early DKD(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis sugges-ted that FAR and UHR combined with disease duration had an important diagnostic value for the occurrence of early DKD(AUC=0.803,95％CI:0.752-0.853).Conclusion Elevated FAR and UHR are closely related to the development of DKD and may be independent risk factors for the occurrence of early DKD.Monitoring FAR and UHR in combination with urine microalbumin testing is benefical for the early diagnosis of DKD.

Objective To investigate the changes of fibrinogen/albumin ratio(FAR)and uric acid/high-density cholesterol ratio(UHR)in elderly patients with type 2diabetic kidney disease(DKD),as well as the value of the above indexes for early diagnosis of DKD.Methods 310 elderly type 2diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients were selected and divided into 106 cases in the simple T2DM group,121 cases in the early DKD group and 83 cases in the clinical DKD group according to the urinary microalbumin/urine creatinine ratio(UACR),and the general data and laboratory data of the three groups were compared.Results With the increase of proteinuria,FAR and UHR were significantly elevated,and FAR and UHR were higher in the early DKD group and clinical DKD group than in the sim-ple T2DM group,and FAR was higher in the clinical DKD group than in the early DKD group,and the differences were statistically signif-icant(P＜0.05).Spearman's correlation analysis showed that both UHR and FAR were positively correlated with UACR(r=0.174,P=0.002;r=0.445,P＜0.001),UA(r=0.783,P＜0.001;r=0.147,P=0.010),Cr(r=0.392,P＜0.001;r=0.332,P＜0.001),and negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.114,P=0.045;r=-0.374,P＜0.001).In addition,UHR was positively correlated with FAR(r=0.147,P=0.010).The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that long disease course,high glycated hemoglo-bin level,high systolic blood pressure,high FAR,and high UHR were risk factors for the occurrence of DKD(P＜0.05);among which long disease course,high FAR,and high UHR were risk factors for the occurrence of early DKD(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis sugges-ted that FAR and UHR combined with disease duration had an important diagnostic value for the occurrence of early DKD(AUC=0.803,95％CI:0.752-0.853).Conclusion Elevated FAR and UHR are closely related to the development of DKD and may be independent risk factors for the occurrence of early DKD.Monitoring FAR and UHR in combination with urine microalbumin testing is benefical for the early diagnosis of DKD.

Objective To study the ambient radiation of patients undergoing ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT myocardial metabolism imaging, and to provide data for protection of surrounding people against radiation. Methods A total of 33 patients were selected for ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT myocardial metabolism imaging. Dose equivalent rate was measured at the height of patient chest, in different directions, at different time points and at different distances, to investigate the distribution of ambient radiation of the patient. Results At the same time point and distance, the dose equivalent rates at the left and right sides of the patient were lower than the front and back sides. The dose equivalent rate at 1 m in front of the patient was 13-21 μSv/h after ¹⁸F-FDG injection, and decreased to 5-14 μSv/h after PET/CT imaging, with a mean decrease of 46%. The ambient dose equivalent rate decreased exponentially with distance (10~300 cm), and the mean power was −1.2. Conclusion The ambient radiation of patients undergoing ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT myocardial metabolism imaging was high after ¹⁸F-FDG injection, and the ambient dose equivalent rate decreased rapidly with time and distance. Our results suggest that patients undergoing myocardial metabolism imaging should avoid prolonged and close contact with other people on the day of examination.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of astrocytes modulating neurons in rat supraoptic nucleus induced by hypotonic stimulation and the effect of 6-aminomethyl-3-methyl-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1dioxide HCl(TAG,a antagonist for taurine) or carbenoxolone(CBX,a gap junction blocker)on the responses of astrocytes and neurons in SON.Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the control group was injected with 5.5ml/kg 0.9% NaCl solution into the caudal vein;the hypotonic group was injected with 5.5 ml/kg hypo-saline(0.83% glucose plus 0.3% NaCl);TAG + hypotonic and CBX + hypotonic groups were injected with TAG(100?mol/L) or CBX(10g/L) into the lateral ventricle respectively,and were injected 2 hours later with hypotonic saline into the caudal vein.With anti-Fos,anti-vasopressin(VP),anti-glycine receptor(GlyR),anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and anti-connexin43(Cx43) immunofluorescent staining methods,the responses of neurons and astrocytes in SON were studied.Results In control rats,Fos-,VP-,and GlyR-expression in the neurons and GFAP-or Cx43-expression in the astrocytes were lower.In hypotonic rats,GFAP-,Cx43-and GlyR signals were more than those in control rats,while Fos-and VP-signals were less.Compared with those in hypotonic rats in TAG + hypotonic or CBX + hypotonic rats,GFAP-and Cx43-signals in the astrocytes were the same,GlyR-signals in the neurons decreased,and Fos-and VP-signals increased.Conclusion Hypotonic stimulation activates SON astrocytes,which then release taurine through gap junction signaling to the neurons and inhibit the release of VP from the neurons.