ObjectiveMaxing Shigan Tang， as a traditional prescription for treating pneumonia， has a remarkable clinical effect. This study aims to systematically investigate the molecular mechanisms of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia by integrating its structural and transcriptomic data at the target level. MethodsNP-TCMtarget， a developed systematic network pharmacological model focusing on drug targets， was used to mine the effect targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia based on the transcriptome data. The structural targets of chemical components in Maxing Shigan Tang were predicted based on the structural information. The intersection of effect targets and structural targets was taken as the direct targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia， and the remaining effect targets except direct targets were taken as indirect targets. Finally， functional enrichment analysis was performed on these targets to explore the molecular mechanism of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia. ResultsA total of 1 604 effect targets and 816 structural targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia were identified. Maxing Shigan Tang exerted its therapeutic effects through 164 direct targets and 1 440 indirect targets. The functional analysis of 1 604 effect targets predicted 19 significantly enriched pathways. Comprehensive analysis of these pathways showed that these targets were mainly linked to immune and inflammatory responses， such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction， necrosis factor （NF）-κB signaling pathway， and helper T cell 17 differentiation. ConclusionFocusing on the hierarchical feature of drug targets and the structural and transcriptomic data， this study systematically reveals the path of herbal component-direct target-indirect target-biological effects of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia.

ObjectiveMaxing Shigan Tang， as a traditional prescription for treating pneumonia， has a remarkable clinical effect. This study aims to systematically investigate the molecular mechanisms of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia by integrating its structural and transcriptomic data at the target level. MethodsNP-TCMtarget， a developed systematic network pharmacological model focusing on drug targets， was used to mine the effect targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia based on the transcriptome data. The structural targets of chemical components in Maxing Shigan Tang were predicted based on the structural information. The intersection of effect targets and structural targets was taken as the direct targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia， and the remaining effect targets except direct targets were taken as indirect targets. Finally， functional enrichment analysis was performed on these targets to explore the molecular mechanism of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia. ResultsA total of 1 604 effect targets and 816 structural targets of Maxing Shigan Tang for treating pneumonia were identified. Maxing Shigan Tang exerted its therapeutic effects through 164 direct targets and 1 440 indirect targets. The functional analysis of 1 604 effect targets predicted 19 significantly enriched pathways. Comprehensive analysis of these pathways showed that these targets were mainly linked to immune and inflammatory responses， such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction， necrosis factor （NF）-κB signaling pathway， and helper T cell 17 differentiation. ConclusionFocusing on the hierarchical feature of drug targets and the structural and transcriptomic data， this study systematically reveals the path of herbal component-direct target-indirect target-biological effects of Maxing Shigan Tang in treating pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that the occurrence and severity of respiratory diseases in children are related to the concentration of air pollutants. Nonetheless, evidence regarding the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in children remains limited. Outpatients cover a wide range of disease severity, including both severe and mild cases, some of which may need to be transferred to inpatient treatment. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on outpatient visits for respiratory conditions in children. METHODS: This study employed data of the Second People's Hospital of Yichang from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2023, to conduct a time series analysis. The DLNM approach was integrated with a generalized additive model to examine the daily outpatient visits of pediatric patients with respiratory illnesses in hospital, alongside air pollution data obtained from monitoring stations. Adjustments were made for long-term trends, meteorological variables, and other influencing factors. RESULTS: A nonlinear association was identified between PM_2.5, PM₁₀, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, CO levels and the daily outpatient visits for respiratory diseases among children. All six pollutants exhibit a hysteresis impact, with varying durations ranging from 4 to 6 days. The risks associated with air pollutants differ across various categories of children's respiratory diseases; notably, O₃ and CO do not show statistical significance concerning the risk of chronic respiratory conditions. Furthermore, the results of infectious respiratory diseases were similar with those of respiratory diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that short-term exposure to air pollutants may contribute to an increased incidence of outpatient visits for respiratory illnesses among children, and controlling air pollution is important to protect children's health.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/chemically induced* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Air Pollution/analysis* ; Infant ; Male ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Female ; Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data* ; Outpatients/statistics & numerical data* ; Adolescent ; Infant, Newborn

Heart failure(HF)has complex pathophysiological mechanisms and is associated with high mortality and readmission rates.As the terminal manifestation of cardiovascular disease and the main cause of death,HF remains a critical focus in the medical community.Despite advances in standardized treatment through western medicine,many patients remain at high risk for cardiovascular events.Shenfu Qiangxin pill,a traditional Chinese patent medicine,has shown promising results in recent years regarding its mechanisms and clinical applications for HF treatment.This article elaborates on the latest research trends of Shenfu Qiangxin pill in the treatment of HF,examining its composition,efficacy,and mechanisms from both traditional Chinese and western medical perspectives.It also explores its clinical applications and safety,highlighting its potential and prospects in HF treatment and providing a theoretical basis for clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the correlation of illness uncertainty with anxiety and depression in perioperative patients with early gastric cancer.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 107 patients with early gastric cancer who were admitted in Department of Gastroenterology of a Class A tertiary hospital in Beijing from April 2020 to August 2021. The demographic data questionnaire was used for survey, and the psychological status of patients was evaluated with Mishel′s Uncertainties in Illness Scales (MUIS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation of disease uncertainty with anxiety and depression in patients with early gastric cancer.Results:The illness uncertainty in patients with early gastric cancer was at a moderate level (93.2±14.0). The total scores on the SAS and SDS were (46.5±9.7) and (47.7±10.2), respectively. And the incidence rate of anxiety and depression was 34.6% (37/107) and 31.8% (34/107) respectively. The illness uncertainty of patients with early gastric cancer was positively correlated with anxiety and depression ( r=0.40,0.31,all P<0.05). Conclusion:Some patients with early gastric cancer have illness uncertainty, anxiety and depression, and the illness uncertainty is related to anxiety and depression.

Self-organized blastoids from extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells possess enormous potential for investigating postimplantation embryo development and related diseases. However, the limited ability of postimplantation development of EPS-blastoids hinders its further application. In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis indicated that the "trophectoderm (TE)-like structure" of EPS-blastoids was primarily composed of primitive endoderm (PrE)-related cells instead of TE-related cells. We further identified PrE-like cells in EPS cell culture that contribute to the blastoid formation with TE-like structure. Inhibition of PrE cell differentiation by inhibiting MEK signaling or knockout of Gata6 in EPS cells markedly suppressed EPS-blastoid formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blastocyst-like structures reconstituted by combining the EPS-derived bilineage embryo-like structure (BLES) with either tetraploid embryos or tetraploid TE cells could implant normally and develop into live fetuses. In summary, our study reveals that TE improvement is critical for constructing a functional embryo using stem cells in vitro.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Tetraploidy ; Blastocyst ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Development

AIM: To study the mechanism of Ginseng Yixin granules (QSYXG) in treating ejection fraction preserved heart failure (HFpEF) based on network pharmacology. METHODS: Effective chemical composition information of QSYXG particles was collected through TCMSP database; DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM database for obtaining HFpEF related targets; Metascape GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the intersection targets of HFpEF; STRING Construction and analysis of the database PPI network; Cytoscape3.7.2 Software construction network diagram; Docking of the major active components to the core target with the AutoDock Vina software molecules, the results were visualized and analyzed with pymol. RESULTS: A total of 66 components and corresponding targets were obtained, HFpEF corresponds to 1 931 targets, The intersection of 127 targets, the main active ingredients are quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, etc.; TNF, AKT1, IL-6, P53 and JUN as the core targets, Good docking of the key components with the core targets; Mainly involving the positive regulation of gene expression, signal transduction, negative regulation of apoptotic process, positive regulation of cell proliferation and senescence, hypoxia response, negative regulation of gene expression, inflammatory response and so on, PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAG, MAPK, TNF, IL-17, and HIF-1 are the main associated signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: QSYXG may treat HFpEF by activating targets of TNF, AKT1, IL-6, P53, JUN, and regulating apoptotic process, cell proliferation, hypoxia response, and inflammatory response.

Objective To clarify the intervention effect of Angelica Radix Astragali ultrafiltrate(RAS-RH)on radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting the overexpression of cardiac CILP1.Methods Forty SPF Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Benazepril hydrochloride group,RAS-RH group and Benazepril hydrochloride +RAS-RH group.Cardiomyocytes were induced by X-ray.The rat model of myocardial fibrosis was prepared by injury.The benazepril hydrochloride group was given benazepril hydrochloride 1.0 mg·kg-1 by gavage;the RAS-RH group was given RAS-RH 0.6 g·kg-1 by gavage;benazepril hydrochloride was given by gavage Pril + RAS-RH group was given benazepril hydrochloride 1.0 mg·kg-1 and RAS-RH 0.6 g·kg-1 by gavage;model group and normal group were given equal volume of normal saline by gavage,once a day,After 4 weeks of drug intervention,the serum NT-ProBNP,CTnⅠ and CTnT contents of the rats in each group were detected by ELISA method;HE staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes of myocardial tissue of the rats in each group;Masson staining was used to evaluate the myocardial collagen deposition of the rats in each group and calculated Collagen volume fraction(CVF);immunohistochemistry to detect the expression levels of α-SMA,Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ protein in myocardial tissue of rats in each group;Western blot method to detect TGF-β1 and smad3 in myocardial tissue of rats in each group,CILP1 protein expression.Results Compared with the blank group,the serum levels of NT-ProBNP,CTnⅠ and CTnT in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Blue-stained fibrous tissue increased significantly,myocardial CVF increased significantly,and myocardial tissue α-SMA,Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ,TGF-β1,Smad3,CILP1 protein expression increased(P<0.01);Serum contents of NT-ProBNP,cTnⅠ and CTnT in rats in napril group,RAS-RH group and benazepril hydrochloride + RAS-RH group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Sexual cell infiltration was improved,myocardial CVF was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the protein expressions of α-SMA,Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ,TGF-β 1,Smad3 and CILP1 in myocardial tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Angelica sinensis ultrafiltrate can alleviate X-ray radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis in rats by inhibiting the overexpression of CILP 1 in the heart.

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a main disease that causes heart failure and exhibits etiological heterogeneity.Nearly a quarter of dilated cardiomyopathy in patients is related to genetics,and ventricular dilation and myocardial systolic dysfunction are the main characteristics of the disease.LMNA mutation is a major cause of hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy,and arrhythmia is a major clinical manifestation of hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy with LMNA mutation.In recent years,establishment of a dilated cardiomyopathy model in C57/B6 mice and its treatment by focused gene therapy has been a research focus,and some important conclusion have been drawn from the establishment of large animal models in dogs and pigs.However,large animals,especially non-human primates,are closer to humans.At present,dilated cardiomyopathy is not involved in the heart disease model of non-human primates.Therefore,this article reviews studies on rodent and large animal models of dilated cardiomyopathy at the genetic level and proposes the idea of developing a dilated cardiomyopathy model in a non-human primate.It also provides new ideas to study the pathogenesis and clinical treatment.

A patient was pregnant four months after the percutaneous coronary intervention, and the ultrasound indicated a complete placenta previa and a placenta percreta. Concerned about radiation and drugs exposure on the fetus, the patient chose to terminate the pregnancy. After multidisciplinary consultation, tirofiban was used for antithrombotic therapy in substitution for dual antiplatelet drugs, and an abdominal aortic balloon was inserted preoperatively. The placenta that penetrated the serous membrane and uterine wall at laparotomy was resected, and the uterus was reconstructed. Prophylactic antibiotics, anticoagulation, and transitional antiplatelet therapy with tirofiban were given after the operation. The patient was discharged on day six postoperatively.