The new era imposes heightened demands on medical professionals,who must not only possess a solid theoretical foundation but also exhibit strong practical skills and innovative capabilities.The quality of medical func-tional laboratory construction is crucial for cultivating high-caliber medical talents.In light of the current developmental status and trends regarding functional experiment teaching within Chinese higher education institutions,particularly the disparities in development across various regions and institutions,the Functional Experiment Teaching Committee of the Chinese Pathophysiology Society has developed an expert consensus on laboratory construction standards.This consensus was established through comprehensive investigations,research,and extensive discussions to provide a reference for di-verse institutions to continuously enhance their levels of laboratory construction.

The new era imposes heightened demands on medical professionals,who must not only possess a solid theoretical foundation but also exhibit strong practical skills and innovative capabilities.The quality of medical func-tional laboratory construction is crucial for cultivating high-caliber medical talents.In light of the current developmental status and trends regarding functional experiment teaching within Chinese higher education institutions,particularly the disparities in development across various regions and institutions,the Functional Experiment Teaching Committee of the Chinese Pathophysiology Society has developed an expert consensus on laboratory construction standards.This consensus was established through comprehensive investigations,research,and extensive discussions to provide a reference for di-verse institutions to continuously enhance their levels of laboratory construction.

Objective:This study targets students enrolled in the Sino-foreign joint clinical medicine program collaboratively run by Chongqing Medical University, China and the University of Leicester, UK, aiming to propose suggestions and improvement measures on optimizing students' learning experiences and promoting the high-quality development of Sino-foreign cooperative education through questionnaire survey analysis.Methods:This study utilized convenience sampling and a self-designed questionnaire to collect feedback on the curriculum system and teaching methods, the adaptability of the educational system to the Chinese clinical practitioner examination, and the approaches and benefits of studying abroad. The data were presented as percentages.Results:Among the 75 respondents, 32 (42.67%) students expressed overall satisfaction or high satisfaction with the curriculum system and teaching methods. Specifically, 22 (29.33%) students were satisfied or very satisfied with the teaching methods of the Sino-foreign joint medical courses. Regarding the educational system's adaptability to the Chinese clinical practitioner examination, 74 (98.67%) students felt that the medical education provided by the joint program needed further adjustments or improvements, of whom 53 (70.67%) students believed that the content of the joint program was somewhat or not well aligned with the requirements of the Chinese practitioner examination, and 55 (73.33%) students thought that the joint program's discipline structure was not sufficiently comprehensive for training medical professionals. In terms of studying abroad, 57 (76.00%) students felt that overseas study had a positive impact on enhancing their overall quality.Conclusions:The joint clinical medicine program at our university draws on British educational principles to improve overall student quality. In response to students' needs regarding the curriculum system, teaching methods, and practitioner examination, the university plans to refine its teaching content and methods by implementing innovative training concepts, focusing on interdisciplinary integration, streamlining the curriculum, increasing tutoring, and promoting case-based group discussions to improve classroom teaching quality.

Comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer is mainly based on the pathological staging. The T stage mainly depends on the accurate determination of the depth of the tumor invasion. The accurate T stage should be standardized pathological examination and continuous sectioning. N stage may be influenced by the number of lymph node examined. Insufficient lymph node examined may lead to stage migration. Therefore, standardizing lymph node dissection and lymph node harvest after surgery is important. M stage is mainly to improve the detection rate of peritoneal lavage cytology (CY), identify high risk factors for peritoneal metastasis, and optimize the prediction of peritoneal metastasis molecular markers, as a complementary methods of clinical examination. Currently, the quality of standardized pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer in China still needs to be improved. This article mainly elucidates the related studies and clinical experience of our center on how to do better in the optimization of gastric cancer TNM staging and pathological quality control.

Objective:Although stage of disease is one of the main factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer, the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with different biological behaviors is also different, indicating that the biological behavior of gastric cancer is also of great significance. This study explores the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with different biological behaviors in the same TMN stage, and analyzes its impact on the prognosis, so as to provide reasonable and reliable evidences for surgical treatment.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Clinicopathological data of patients with advanced gastric cancer undergoing radical surgery at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 1980 to December 2012 were collected. Case inclusion criteria: (1) advanced gastric cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology; (2) R0 resections; (3) complete follow-up data. Exclusion criteria: (1) history of previous gastric surgery, preoperative adjuvant therapy, and imaging evidence of distant metastasis before surgery; (2) age of patients <18 or > 90 years; (3) lack of clinical, pathological, or follow-up data. Cumulative survival was analyzed and plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression was used for multivariate analysis. Difference of prognosis was compared among different biological behaviors at the same TNM stage.Results:A total of 2522 patients were enrolled, including 246 cases in stage IB (T2N0M0), 422 cases in stage IIA, 474 cases in stage IIB, 681 cases in stage IIIA, 441 cases in stage IIIB, and 256 cases in stage IIIC. Their 5-year survival rates were 79.9%, 68.5%, 56.1%, 39.5%, 22.5%, and 8.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that for patients with stage IB gastric cancer, the macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.806, 95% CI:1.174-2.780, P=0.007), tissue growth mode as diffusion (HR=1.370, 95% CI:1.007-1.864, P=0.045), and positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=2.073, 95% CI: 1.333-3.224, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIA gastric cancer, the macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.376, 95% CI: 1.008-1.878, P=0.044), tissue growth mode as diffusion (HR=1.263, 95% CI: 1.061-1.505, P=0.009), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=2.296, 95% CI:1.753-3.008, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIB gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.445, 95% CI: 1.056-1.976, P=0.021), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.528, 95% CI: 1.194-1.955, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIA gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.395, 95% CI: 1.095-1.777, P=0.007), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.583, 95% CI: 1.315-1.905, P<0.001) and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.188, 95% CI: 1.102-1.282, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIB gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.485, 95% CI: 1.063-2.076, P=0.021), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.315, 95% CI: 1.060-1.631, P=0.013), and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.146, 95% CI: 1.052-1.248, P=0.002) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIC gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=2.986, 95% CI: 1.293-6.898, P=0.010) and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.135, 95% CI: 1.003-1.283, P=0.045) were independent risk factors of prognosis. Conclusion:Under the same TNM stage, different biological behaviors have very different prognosis, which indicates that the biological behavior of gastric cancer is equally as important as TNM staging for the prognosis of patients and the guidance of individualized treatment.

Objective:Although stage of disease is one of the main factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer, the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with different biological behaviors is also different, indicating that the biological behavior of gastric cancer is also of great significance. This study explores the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with different biological behaviors in the same TMN stage, and analyzes its impact on the prognosis, so as to provide reasonable and reliable evidences for surgical treatment.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Clinicopathological data of patients with advanced gastric cancer undergoing radical surgery at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 1980 to December 2012 were collected. Case inclusion criteria: (1) advanced gastric cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology; (2) R0 resections; (3) complete follow-up data. Exclusion criteria: (1) history of previous gastric surgery, preoperative adjuvant therapy, and imaging evidence of distant metastasis before surgery; (2) age of patients <18 or > 90 years; (3) lack of clinical, pathological, or follow-up data. Cumulative survival was analyzed and plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression was used for multivariate analysis. Difference of prognosis was compared among different biological behaviors at the same TNM stage.Results:A total of 2522 patients were enrolled, including 246 cases in stage IB (T2N0M0), 422 cases in stage IIA, 474 cases in stage IIB, 681 cases in stage IIIA, 441 cases in stage IIIB, and 256 cases in stage IIIC. Their 5-year survival rates were 79.9%, 68.5%, 56.1%, 39.5%, 22.5%, and 8.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that for patients with stage IB gastric cancer, the macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.806, 95% CI:1.174-2.780, P=0.007), tissue growth mode as diffusion (HR=1.370, 95% CI:1.007-1.864, P=0.045), and positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=2.073, 95% CI: 1.333-3.224, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIA gastric cancer, the macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.376, 95% CI: 1.008-1.878, P=0.044), tissue growth mode as diffusion (HR=1.263, 95% CI: 1.061-1.505, P=0.009), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=2.296, 95% CI:1.753-3.008, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIB gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.445, 95% CI: 1.056-1.976, P=0.021), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.528, 95% CI: 1.194-1.955, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIA gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.395, 95% CI: 1.095-1.777, P=0.007), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.583, 95% CI: 1.315-1.905, P<0.001) and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.188, 95% CI: 1.102-1.282, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIB gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=1.485, 95% CI: 1.063-2.076, P=0.021), positive lymphovascular cancer embolus (HR=1.315, 95% CI: 1.060-1.631, P=0.013), and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.146, 95% CI: 1.052-1.248, P=0.002) were independent risk factors of prognosis; for patients with stage IIIC gastric cancer, macroscopic type as infiltration (HR=2.986, 95% CI: 1.293-6.898, P=0.010) and serosal type (tendon type+colorful diffusion type) (HR=1.135, 95% CI: 1.003-1.283, P=0.045) were independent risk factors of prognosis. Conclusion:Under the same TNM stage, different biological behaviors have very different prognosis, which indicates that the biological behavior of gastric cancer is equally as important as TNM staging for the prognosis of patients and the guidance of individualized treatment.

Objective To understand the comparability of the detection results of four items (ALT ,AST , GGT ,ALP) of liver enzymology in 11 clinical laboratories in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) and offer reference for improving mutual recognition of the results .Methods Eleven clinical labora-tories of XPCC organized the result comparability tests of 4 items of liver enzymology twice in 2017 ,and the samples with 5 batches were completed in each comparability test .One set of detection system in each labora-tory was used as comparability system according to comparability scheme .The detection results were analyzed through Robust Z Score and the evaluation criterion was :|Z|≤2 "satisfied";2< |Z|<3"warning";|Z|≥3 "not satisfied".Results The detection results of all 10 batch samples in 4 clinical laboratories showed |Z|≤2 in 2 comparability tests .In the first comparability test ,the detection results of 5 batch samples for 4 items were |Z|≤2 in 5 laboratories .In the second comparability test ,the detection results of 5 batch samples for 4 i-tems were |Z|≤2 in 8 laboratories ,but the ALT results of 5 batch samples in 1 laboratory showed positive deviation(Z≥3)and the GGT results of 5 batch samples in the other laboratory showed negative deviation (Z≤ -3) .Conclusion The 11 clinical laboratories in XPCC should continuously improve quality management system and make sure that the mutual recognition of the detection results of 4 items of liver enzymology is effective .