ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effectiveness and safety of Qingfei Shenshi Decoction （清肺渗湿汤） combined with western medicine for patients with bronchial asthma of heat wheezing syndrome， and to explore its potential mechanism of action. MethodsEighty-six participants with bronchial asthma of heat wheezing syndrome were randomly divided into treatment group and control group， each group with 43 participants. The control group received conventional western medicine， and the treatment group was additionally administered Qingfei Shenshi Decoction orally on the basis of the control group， 1 dose per day. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The primary outcome measure was clinical effectiveness； secondary outcome measures included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， asthma control test （ACT） score， pulmonary function indices such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second （FEV₁）， forced vital capacity （FVC）， peak expiratory flow （PEF）， serum inflammatory factor levels including interleukin-4 （IL-4）， tumour necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， and immune function indices including CD3⁺， CD4⁺， CD8⁺， CD4⁺/CD8⁺. All outcome measures were evaluated before and after treatment. Vital signs were monitored， and electrocardiography， blood routine， urine routine， liver function， and renal function tests were performed before and after treatment. Adverse events and reactions during the study were recorded. ResultsA total of 80 patients completed the trial with 40 in each group. The total clinical effective rate of the treatment group was 97.5% （39/40）， which was significantly higher than that of the control group （85.0%， 34/40， P＜0.05）. After treatment， both groups showed decreased TCM syndrome scores， IL-4， TNF-α， hs-CRP， and CD8⁺ levels， as well as increased ACT scores， CD3⁺， CD4⁺， CD4⁺/CD8⁺， FEV₁， FVC， and PEF levels （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Moreover， the improvements in these indices were more significant in the treatment group than in the control group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. No significant abnormalities in safety indicators were observed in either group， and no adverse events or reactions occurred. ConclusionQingfei Shenshi Decoction combined with conventional western medicine for patients with bronchial asthma of heat wheezing syndrome can effectively improve the clinical symptoms， pulmonary function， and clinical effectiveness， with good safety. Its mechanism may be related to reducing inflammatory factor levels and regulating T lymphocyte subsets to improve immune function.

Based on the interleukin-17(IL-17) signaling pathway, this study explores the effect and mechanism of Bufei Decoction on Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats. SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, Bufei Decoction low-dose group(6.68 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), Bufei Decoction high-dose group(13.36 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and dexamethasone group(1.04 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 rats in each group. A pneumonia model was established by tracheal drip injection of K. pneumoniae. After successful model establishment, the improvement in lung tissue damage was observed following drug administration. Core targets and signaling pathways were screened using transcriptomics techniques. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of core targets interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and chemokine CXC ligand 6(CXCL6). Western blot was used to assess key proteins in the IL-17 signaling pathway, including interleukin-17A(IL-17A), nuclear transcription factor-κB activator 1(Act1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6), and downstream phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38 MAPK), and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65). Apoptosis of lung tissue cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL). The results showed that, compared with the control group, the model group exhibited significant pathological damage in lung tissue. The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL6, as well as the protein levels of IL-17A, Act1, TRAF6, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, were significantly increased, and the number of apoptotic cells was notably higher, indicating successful model establishment. Compared with the model group, both low-and high-dose groups of Bufei Decoction showed reduced pathological damage in lung tissue. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL6, and the protein levels of IL-17A, Act1, TRAF6, p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, were significantly decreased, with a significant reduction in apoptotic cells in the high-dose group. In conclusion, Bufei Decoction can effectively improve lung tissue damage and reduce inflammation in rats with K. pneumoniae. The mechanism may involve the regulation of the IL-17 signaling pathway and the reduction of apoptosis.
Animals ; Interleukin-17/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Rats ; Male ; Klebsiella pneumoniae/physiology* ; Klebsiella Infections/immunology* ; Humans ; Lung/drug effects*

This paper summarized Professor ZHOU Zhaoshan's clinical experience in treating bronchial asthma （abbreviated as asthma） by stages with dampness-draining method. It is believed that pathogenic dampness is the key pathological factor in the onset of asthma. Dampness accumulates into water， which gathers into rheum； the condensed rheum forms phlegm， which lingers in the lungs. When external pathogens trigger the latent phlegm， phlegm and qi become mutually obstructed， leading to airway obstruction， disrupted qi movement， and upward reversal of lung qi， thereby resulting in asthma attacks. The treatment emphasizes a stage-based approach. During acute attacks， the main syndromes include cold-damp obstructing the lungs， damp-heat accumulating in the lungs， and shaoyang （少阳） constraint with heat. For the syndrome of cold-damp obstructing the lungs， a self-formulated Wenfei Shenshi Decoction （温肺渗湿汤） is used to warm the lungs and disperse cold， drain dampness and relieve panting； for the syndrome of damp-heat accumulating in the lungs， a self-formulated Qingfei Shenshi Decoction （清肺渗湿汤） is employed to clear the lungs and expel heat， drain dampness and relieve asthma； and for the syndrome of shaoyang constraint with heat， a self-formulated Chaihu Shenshi Decoction （柴胡渗湿汤） is administered to harmonize the shaoyang， clear heat and drain dampness. During the remission stage， treatment is based on the underlying kidney-deficiency constitution， and a self-formulated Bushen Shenshi Decoction （补肾渗湿汤） is formulated to tonify the kidneys and drain dampness， improve qi reception and relieve panting.

Articular cartilage is a crucial tissue structure in humans.With ongoing exploration of joint tissue structure and the emergence of innovative biotechnological organoids,various sources of stem cells can be selected for induction to differentiate into articular cartilaginous organoids based on the articular cartilage tissue structure,which can be applied to the treatment of cartilage defects,drug testing,and precision medicine and biological development.This article presents a review of the research progress concerning articular cartilaginous organoids,in order to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Objective To develop a hypoxia endurance testing system for aviation physiological training of pilots.Methods The hypoxia endurance testing system comprised a low-oxygen mixed gas generator,a pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas and a personal breathing apparatus.The low-oxygen mixed gas generator consisted of a main unit composed of an air compressor,a filter,a buffer tank,polymer membrane,a control module,sensors and regulators,wire cables,supporting hoses,etc.;the pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas was made up of a protective box,a cooling fan,a motor and a driver,a control module,a solenoid valve,a convergence block,a pressure gauge,etc.;the personal breating apparatus was composed of a gas cylinder,a pressure reducer,an oxygen supply regulator,etc.Forty-eight subjects were selected for hypoxia exposure tests to verify the effectiveness of the system.Results The system developed had the functions of low-oxygen gas preparation,pressurized filling and hypoxia experiment,and the experimental results indicated the acute hypoxia exposure by the system significantly caused signs and symptoms of hypoxia and weakened physiological functions.Conclusion The system developed gains advantages in high accuracy of gas volume fraction control,safety and remarkable effect of simulated hypoxia,and can be an effective tool for acute high-altitude hypoxia testing and training of pilots.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):23-28]

Objective To develop a hypoxia endurance testing system for aviation physiological training of pilots.Methods The hypoxia endurance testing system comprised a low-oxygen mixed gas generator,a pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas and a personal breathing apparatus.The low-oxygen mixed gas generator consisted of a main unit composed of an air compressor,a filter,a buffer tank,polymer membrane,a control module,sensors and regulators,wire cables,supporting hoses,etc.;the pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas was made up of a protective box,a cooling fan,a motor and a driver,a control module,a solenoid valve,a convergence block,a pressure gauge,etc.;the personal breating apparatus was composed of a gas cylinder,a pressure reducer,an oxygen supply regulator,etc.Forty-eight subjects were selected for hypoxia exposure tests to verify the effectiveness of the system.Results The system developed had the functions of low-oxygen gas preparation,pressurized filling and hypoxia experiment,and the experimental results indicated the acute hypoxia exposure by the system significantly caused signs and symptoms of hypoxia and weakened physiological functions.Conclusion The system developed gains advantages in high accuracy of gas volume fraction control,safety and remarkable effect of simulated hypoxia,and can be an effective tool for acute high-altitude hypoxia testing and training of pilots.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):23-28]

Articular cartilage is a crucial tissue structure in humans.With ongoing exploration of joint tissue structure and the emergence of innovative biotechnological organoids,various sources of stem cells can be selected for induction to differentiate into articular cartilaginous organoids based on the articular cartilage tissue structure,which can be applied to the treatment of cartilage defects,drug testing,and precision medicine and biological development.This article presents a review of the research progress concerning articular cartilaginous organoids,in order to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of varicocele ligation with mobile phone microscope.Methods:The high-performance mobile phone and mobile phone stand were combined to act as a mobile phone microscope.And the varicocele ligation was performed under the mobile phone microscope.Results:All five patients successfully underwent varicocelectomy under the guidance of a mobile phone microscope.The average operation time was(112.8±52.2)with ranged from 74.0 to 195.0 minutes.Three pa-tients completed the follow-up after the operation with the proportion of improved sperm quality reaching 100.0％(3/3).Conclusion:High-performance mobile phone microscope can be used for varicocele ligation.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of microRNA-10b(miR-10b)on idiopathic short stature(ISS).Methods A total of 54 children with ISS and 54 healthy children were collected.The serum expression of miR-10b was detected by RT-qPCR,and the relationship between serum miR-10b expression and clinical data of children with ISS was analyzed.miR-10b inhibitor,si-TGFBR1 and their negative control transfection C28/I2 cells were used.CCK-8 experimental detection was used to detect C28/I2 cell proliferation.Western blot assay was used to detect gnome related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),collagen type X alpha 1 chain(COL10A1),transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBR1),SMAD3 and pSMAD3 protein expression.The target of miR-10b was screened in StarBase database,and the targeting relationship between miR-10b and TGFBR1 was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.Results The serum expression of miR-10b was higher in the ISS group than that of the healthy control group,and the higher the miR-10b expression,the more obvious the decrease of child height,IGF-1 and alkaline phosphatase(P＜0.05).Compared with the NC group,the cell proliferation ability and RUNX2,COL10A1,TGFBR1,and pSMAD3 protein expression were up-regulated in the miR-10b inhibitor group(P＜0.05).StarBase database suggested that miR-10b had a binding site of TGFBR1,and dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that TGFBR1 interacted with miR-10b(P＜0.05).Compared with the si-NC group,the expression of TGFBR1 was down-regulated and the cell proliferation ability was decreased in the si-TGFBR1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-10b inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy in idiopathic short stature by targeting TGFBR1/SMAD3 pathway.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,there have been many studies on the mechanism of exosomal non-coding RNA in gestational diabetes mellitus,but there is a lack of the latest systematic review of exosomes from different sources,especially placental sources. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the changes and potential roles of microRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),circular RNA(circRNA),and exosomes in gestational diabetes mellitus to provide potential targets for early screening and treatment of clinical gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS:A literature search was conducted on PubMed,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Data,and VIP databases to retrieve relevant articles on non-coding RNA or exosomal non-coding RNA in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus.A total of 74 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Non-coding RNAs play important pathological and physiological roles in the lifecycle activities,and increasing evidences suggest that non-coding RNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by regulating various physiological functions.This provides a new direction for the research of gestational diabetes mellitus.(2)Exosomes are widely present in the human body.Various cells can secrete exosomes,such as red blood cells,epithelial cells,and placental cells.Non-coding RNAs found in exosomes from different sources have been demonstrated to play a role in the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.(3)MiRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:The role of peripheral blood miRNA in gestational diabetes mellitus is mainly to affect the functions of trophoblast cells,pancreatic beta cells and blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes mellitus;placental miRNA can reflect the severity of gestational diabetes and impair the function of trophoblast cells.(4)LncRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood lncRNA can induce insulin resistance through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and may provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus;placental lncRNA can regulate proliferation and migration of placental trophoblast cells,promoting the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus.(5)CircRNA and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood and placental circRNA can induce the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by impairing the proliferation,migration and metabolism of placental trophoblast cells.(6)Non-coding RNA in exosomes and gestational diabetes mellitus:Peripheral blood non-coding RNA in exosomes can affect gestational diabetes mellitus blood glucose levels and glucose homeostasis,and participate in the occurrence and development of gestational diabetes mellitus by influencing placental function.(7)Non-coding RNA has the potential to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.Additionally,engineered exosomes can better achieve targeted therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus.These latest findings provide a reference for both basic research and clinical translation of gestational diabetes mellitus.(8)In the future,improvements in the extraction and purification methods of peripheral blood exosomes should be improved,and factors such as race,diet and physical activity should be excluded to improve the reproducibility of results.Further prospective clinical studies are required to explore the clinical application of circulating non-coding RNA and exosomes in the prediction and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.