Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan on ferroptosis in the rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and explore the underlying mechanism based on the nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11）/glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） signaling pathway. MethodsThe sixty SD rats were randomly grouped as follows： control， model， Yishanfu （0.144 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （2.44， 4.88， and 9.76 g·kg^-1， respectively） Danggui Shaoyaosan. A high-fat diet was used to establish the rat model of NAFLD. After 12 weeks of modeling， rats were treated with corresponding agents for 4 weeks. Then， the body weight and liver weight were measured， and the liver index was calculated. At the same time， serum and liver samples were collected. The levels or activities of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and Fe²⁺ in the serum and TC， TG， free fatty acids （FFA）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione peroxidase （GPX）， and Fe²⁺ in the liver were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and oil red O staining were employed to observe the pathological changes in the liver. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the reactive oxygen species （ROS） content in the liver. Mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The protein levels of Nrf2， SLC7A11， GPX4， transferrin receptor 1 （TFR1）， and divalent metal transporter 1 （DMT1） in the liver were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group showed increases in the body weight， liver weight， liver index， levels or activities of TC， TG， ALT， AST， and Fe²⁺ in the serum， levels of TC， TG， FFA， MDA， Fe²⁺， and ROS in the liver， and protein levels of TFR1 and DMT1 in the liver （P<0.01）， and decreases in the activities of SOD， GPX and the protein levels of Nrf2， SLC7A11， and GPX4 in the liver （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Meanwhile， the liver tissue in the model group presented steatosis， iron deposition， mitochondrial shrinkage， and blurred or swollen mitochondrial cristae. Compared with the model group， all doses of Danggui Shaoyaosan reduced the body weight， liver weight， liver index， levels or activities of TC， TG， ALT， AST， and Fe²⁺ in the serum， levels of TC， TG， FFA， MDA， Fe²⁺， and ROS in the liver， and protein levels of TFR1 and DMT1 in the liver （P<0.01）， while increasing the activities of SOD and GPX and the protein levels of Nrf2， SLC7A11， and GPX4 in the liver （P<0.01）. Furthermore， Danggui Shaoyaosan alleviated steatosis， iron deposition， and mitochondrial damage in the liver. ConclusionDanggui Shaoyaosan may inhibit lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway to treat NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and effectiveness of emergency responses to epidemic foci in Guangzhou City in 2024, so as to optimization of the dengue fever control strategy in Guangzhou City. Methods All data pertaining to dengue fever cases in Guangzhou City in 2024 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System. The temporal, spatial and population distributions of dengue fever cases and sources of infections were descriptively analyzed, and the effectiveness of emergency responses to epidemic foci of dengue fever was evaluated through standard space index (SSI), the interval from disease onset to case reporting and the percentage of isolation in hospital. Results A total of 3 656 dengue fever cases were reported in Guangzhou City in 2024, including 3 102 local cases and 554 imported cases. Of all cases, 67.86% (2 481 cases) occurred at ages of 20 to 59 years, and the three most common occupations included housework/unemployment (793 cases, 21.69%), business servants (744 cases, 20.35%) and retirees (669 cases, 18.30%). The peak of dengue fever epidemics was concentrated during the period from the 39th to the 45th weeks in 2024, when a total of 2 317 local cases were reported, accounting for 74.69% of all local cases in 2024. Dengue fever cases were reported across all 11 districts in Guangzhou City in 2024, with local cases concentrated in Baiyun District (754 cases, 24.31%), Liwan District (398 cases, 12.83%), Panyu District (365 cases, 11.77%), Haizhu District (332 cases, 10.70%) and Tianhe District (328 cases, 10.57%). Imported dengue fever cases were predominantly domestically imported (492 cases, 88.81%), with the majority imported from Foshan City (377 cases), and overseas imported cases were predominantly imported from southeastern Asian countries. The mean proportion of case isolation in hospital was 9.16% (284/3 102), and the mean interval from disease onset to case reporting was (3.99 ± 2.70) days, while the percentages of mosquito density meeting the required standard were 61.68% (462/ 749) and 66.32% (126/190) on the 4th and 7th day of emergency responses to epidemic foci, respectively. Conclusions The prevention and control cycle of dengue fever in Guangzhou in 2024 took longer than in previous years, with a larger scale of the epidemic. Although some progress has been made in epidemic management, there are still problems such as unsustainable mosquito vector control and low hospitalization isolation rates for cases. Further optimization of control measures in mosquito vector control, case monitoring and management is required to improve the effectiveness of dengue fever control measures.

Aim To design and synthesize a series of phenylacetamide derivatives with different substituted phenylacetic acid as raw materials,and to investigate the protective effects of the compound on the damage of pancreatic β cells induced by palmitate acid(PA).Methods Min6 cells were cultured and divided into B blank control group,PA treatment group and PA+compounds group.The viability of Min6 cells was de-tected by CCK-8.The protein expressions of TXNIP and NLRP3 were observed by Western blot.MDA con-tent and SOD activity were detected by MDA and SOD kit.The insulin secretion of Min6 islet cells was meas-ured with insulin ELISA kit.Results A total of 10 phenylacetamide derivatives were designed and synthe-sized.Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and ESI-MS.Pharmacological activity study showed that most of the compounds had protective effects on islet βcells,among which LY-6 and LY-8 had stronger pro-tective effects than PA model group,with the cell via-bility of 61.4％,and LY-6 had the highest cell activi-ty,reaching to 104.9％.Compared with PA group,the protein expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 decreased in LY-6 and LY-8 groups,MDA content decreased and SOD activity increased,and insulin secretion of Min6 cell increased.Conclusions LY-6 and LY-8 inhibit TXNIP expression and decrease the activation of NL-RP3 inflammasome,and decrease the production of MDA and increase SOD activity,and thus reducing is-let β cells apoptosis and increasing insulin secretion.Therefore,the compound LY-6 could serve as a poten-tial anti-diabetic new chemical entity.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of py-roptosis mediated by the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway and the intervention effect of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Astragalus ultrafiltration extract(RAS-RA)in radiation-induced pulmonary fi-brosis.Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly di-vided into five groups,with ten rats in each group.Ex-cept for the blank control group,all other groups of rats were anesthetized and received a single dose of 40 Gy X-ray local chest radiation to establish a radiation-in-duced pulmonary fibrosis rat model.After radiation,the rats in the RAS-RA intervention groups were orally administered doses of 0.12,0.24 and 0.48 g·kg-1 once a day for 30 days.The average weight and lung index of the rats were observed after 30 days of contin-uous administration.Hydroxyproline(HYP)content in lung tissue was determined by hydrolysis method.The levels of IL-18 and IL-1 β in serum were detected by ELISA.Lung tissue pathological changes were ob-served by HE and Masson staining.Ultrastructural changes in lung tissue were observed by transmission e-lectron microscopy.The expression levels of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway-related proteins and fibrosis-related proteins in lung tissue were detec-ted by Western blot.Results Compared with the blank group,the HYP content in lung tissue and the levels of IL-18 and IL-1 β in serum significantly in-creased in the model group(P＜0.01).HE and Mas-son staining showed inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fiber deposition.Transmission electron mi-croscopy revealed increased damaged mitochondria,disordered arrangement,irregular morphology,shallow matrix,outer membrane rupture,mostly fractured and shortened cristae,mild expansion,increased electron density of individual mitochondrial matrix,mild sparse structure of lamellar bodies,partial disorder,unclear organelles,and characteristic changes of pyroptosis.Western blot analysis showed increased expression of caspase-1,GSDMD,NLRP3,CoL-Ⅰ,α-SMA,and CoL-Ⅲ proteins(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the RAS-RA intervention group showed signifi-cant improvement in body mass index and lung index of rats,decreased levels of IL-18 and IL-1 β inflammatory factors(P＜0.01),improved mitochondrial structure,reduced degree of fibrosis,and decreased expression of caspase-1,GSDMD,NLRP3,COL-Ⅰ,COL-Ⅲ,and α-SMA proteins in lung tissue(P＜0.01).Conclusion RAS-RA has an inhibitory effect on radiation-in-duced pulmonary fibrosis,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of pyroptosis through the regu-lation of the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasound blood quantitative parameters combined with murine sarcoma filtering toxin oncogenic homolog B(BRAF)gene mutation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)with thyroid carcinoma.Methods A total of 86 patients with HT and thyroid nodules in Sir Run Run Hospital,Nanjing Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects.The patients with thyroid cancer were included into the malignant group(n=26),and the patients with benign thyroid nodules were included into the benign group(n=60)according to the pathological examination results.The patients in the malignant group was divided into the metastasis group(n=10)and the non-metastasis group(n=16)according to whether lymph node metastasis occurred.All subjects underwent color Doppler ultrasonography and BRAF gene mutation detection.The pulsatility index(PI),resistance index(RI),peak systolic velocity(S),end diastolic velocity(D),peak systolic velocity to end diastolic velocity ratio(S/D)and BRAF gene mutation between the malignant group and the benign group were compared.The detection rate of blood flow signals by CDFI,the detection rate of blood flow signals of grade 2 to 3 and the mutation of BRAF gene between the metastasis group and the non-metastasis group were compared.The value of the above blood parameters and BRAF gene mutations in the diagnosis of HT complicated with thyroid cancer was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and the value of the above blood parameters and BRAF gene mutation in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer was evaluated.Results The PI,RI,S,D,S/D and positive rate of BRAF gene mutation in the malignant group were significantly higher than those in the benign group(P<0.05).The detection rate of blood flow signals by CDFI,the detection rate of blood flow signals of grade 2 to 3,and the positive rate of BRAF gene mutation in the metastasis group were significantly higher than those in the non-metastasis group(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of RI,PI,S,D,S/D and BRAF gene mutation in the combined assessment of HT complicated with thyroid cancer was 0.951,with the sensitivity of 88.46%and the specificity of 93.33%,and the efficiency of combined assessment was better than that of the independent assessment of each index.Meanwhile,the AUC of the detection rate of blood flow signals by CDFI,the detection rate of blood flow signals of grade 2 to 3,and BRAF gene mutation in the combined assessment of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer was 0.938,and the efficiency of combined assessment was better than that of the independent assessment of each index.Conclusion The ultrasound blood quantitative parameters combined with BRAF gene mutation has certain value in the evaluation of HT with thyroid cancer and lymph node metastasis,and the combined evaluation of each index is more effective.

Objective:To investigate the current situation and characteristics of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients during the transitional period, and explore its influencing factors.Methods:From December 2022 to September 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 119 elderly patients in the Intensive Care Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital as the research subject. The General Information Questionnaire, Short Physical Performance Battery, Fatigue Scale-14, Barthel Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mini-mental State Examination were used to evaluate patients for post-intensive care syndrome from cognitive, psychological, and physiological aspects 7 days after their transfer from the Intensive Care Unit. Binomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients.Results:Among 119 elderly patients, 84 developed post-intensive care syndrome, with an incidence of 70.6%. The binomial Logistic regression showed that women and high nutritional risk were risk factors for the occurrence of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of post-intensive care syndrome is high in elderly patients during the transition period, with females and patients with high nutritional risk being prone to developing post-intensive care syndrome. Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to identifying gender differences, focus on high-risk populations, and dynamically evaluate different symptoms early on to provide precise interventions for elderly patients.

This study was aimed at investigating the pathogenic and molecular characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP)in fecal samples of diarrhea cases in a district of Beijing.Fecal samples from diarrhea cases in an outpatient department in a district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021 were collected,and used for isolation and culture of KP.The KP strains isolated strains were subjected to drug resistance phenotype testing and whole-genome sequencing.Multilocus sequence typing and whole-genome phyletic evolution analysis were performed on the sequencing results.The cases'epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed.From 2018 to 2021,1 103 fecal samples were collected and detected.The total detection rate of KP was 10.43％(115/1 103),and the infection rate of KP mixed with other diarrhea-causing pathogens was 42.61％(49/115).The positivity rate was slightly high(12.47％,61/489)a-mong females and was highest in young adults 16-45 years of age.Small peaks were observed in January,April to May,and August to September.The gastrointestinal symptoms in cases were mainly nausea and watery stool,and the suspicious food was unknown.Ampicillin,tetracycline,and sulfafurazole were the top three antibiotics to which these 115 KP strains showed resistance,and 29 strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics.The strains were divided into 72 sequence types,among which ST23 was dominant.According to the phylogenetic tree,the strains were divided into four main branches,among which 14 ST23 strains had a very close genetic relationship with the highly virulent NTUH-K2044 reference strain.KP infection persisted in fecal samples from diarrhea cases in the district of Beijing.Women and young adults were particularly susceptible.The drug resistance of KP strains in this region was very serious,and the ST types were diverse.Moreover,the ST23 pathogenic strains were closely related to high virulence strains.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of single center adult chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase(CML-CP).Methods:Clinical data of 41 adult CML-CP patients in Department of Hematology,Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital from January 2015 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients between＜60 years group and ≥ 60 years group were compared.Results:The 41 patients included 27(65.9％)males and 14(34.1％)females.The median age of the patients was 56(19-84)years,with 22 cases(53.7％)＜60 years and 19 cases(46.3％)≥60 years.Univariate analysis indicated that the proportions of patients with comorbidities,intermediate/high-risk Sokal score,myelofibrosis,and lactate dehydrogenase ≥1 000 U/L were significantly increased in ≥60 years group compared with＜60 years group at initial diagnosis(all P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences in the distribution of sex,ELST score,white blood cell count,platelet count,peripheral blood basophil percentage,peripheral blood eosinophil percentage and bone marrow primitive cell percentage between the two groups(P＞0.05).The proportion of patients taking reduced-dose imatinib in≥60 years group significantly increased(P＜0.001).Patients＜60 years had a higher proportion of molecular biological remission after treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)than patients ≥ 60 years(P＜0.001).The incidence of non-hematologic adverse reactions to TKI therapy significantly increased in patients ≥ 60 years(P＜0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that no adverse factors affecting the efficacy and prognosis of TKI.Conclusion:Compared with adult CML-CP patients＜60 years,patients ≥ 60 years gain fewer benefits from TKI treatment and increased adverse reactions.