1.Data analysis of resolution discrepancies in minipool nucleic acid testing: A 2024 national study of Chinese blood stations
Ying YAN ; Qing HE ; Wei ZHENG ; Jie MA ; Le CHANG ; Huimin JI ; Huizhen SUN ; Lunan WANG
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion 2026;39(4):423-429
Objective: To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and influencing factors of resolution discrepancies within the minipool (MP) testing model across Chinese blood station laboratories in 2024. Methods: A nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted, including 334 blood station laboratories that reported nucleic acid reactive data among enzyme immunoassay non-reactive samples. Of these, 296 laboratories adopted the pool resolution model, with a total of 12 536 273 samples tested. Systematic analysis was performed on resolution data, focusing on the MP-NAT reactivity rate, the pool resolution concordance rate, and the resolution discrepancy rate. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on reagent types, viral targets, and Ct values. Potential causes were further explored through laboratory surveys and re-examination of raw amplification curves. Results: In 2024, the national average MP-NAT reactivity rate was 0.15%. The overall pool resolution concordance rate was 57.86%, which showed a gradual decline as Ct values increased across all reagents. The national average resolution discrepancy rate was 0.081‱(102/12 536 273), with 17.91%(53/296) of laboratories reporting at least one discrepancy. Nine reagent types were associated with these events, exhibiting reagent-specific patterns. For Reagent A2, the predominant discrepancy was HBV reactive pools resolving as HIV (36.36%); for Reagent D1, HBV pools frequently resolved as HCV (38.89%); and for Reagent E, the most common pattern was HIV pools resolving as HBV (48.00%). These resolution discrepancies were strongly associated with high Ct values: the median pool Ct for HBV exceeded 38, while those for HCV and HIV both exceeded 40. Investigations across 16 laboratories revealed that most discrepant samples exhibited “tailing” amplification curves, with some cases linked to cross-contamination or reagent batch-specific issues. Conclusion: While the incidence of resolution discrepancies in the MP-NAT model remains low in China, variations exist across different reagents and laboratories. These discrepancies are closely associated with low viral load, reagent performance, and laboratory operational practices.
2.Establishment and application of the method for plasma concentration determination of lamotrigine,levetiracetam and perampanel in children with epilepsy
Wenlin SONG ; Ying ZHOU ; Haoran CHEN ; Ziyue LIN ; Yan LI ; Jie LIU ; Taiwei JIN ; Xuqiang ZHOU
China Pharmacy 2026;37(10):1313-1317
OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of plasma concentration of lamotrigine(LTG), levetiracetam(LEV) and perampanel(PER) in children with epilepsy and apply this method in clinical practice. METHODS Plasma proteins were precipitated with acetonitrile. Using PER-D 5 as internal standard, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was adopted. The determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid with 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃, and sample size was 5 μL. The analysis time was 5 min. The electrospray ionization source and multiple reaction monitoring mode were used for positive ion scanning. The ion pairs used for quantitative analysis of LTG, LEV, PER and internal standard were m / z 255.9→144.9, m / z 171.1→126.1, m / z 350.1→219.0 and m / z 354.9→220.2, respectively. The steady-state trough concentrations of the aforementioned drugs in the plasma of 14 pediatric epilepsy patients receiving combination therapy were determined using the same UPLC-MS/MS method as above. RESULTS The linear ranges of LTG, LEV and PER were 0.15-24 μg/mL ( R 2 >0.993), 0.312 5-50 μg/mL ( R 2 >0.997) and 6.25-1 000 ng/mL ( R 2 >0.997), respectively. The lower limits of quantification were 0.15 μg/mL, 0.312 5 μg/mL and 6.25 ng/mL, respectively. RSDs of intraday and interday precision tests of the three drugs were no more than 9.83%, and the accuracies (relative errors) were between -9.33% and 13.72%( n =6 or n =18); the average extraction recovery rates were 86.4%-97.9%, and the average matrix effects were 86.9%-110.0% ( n =6). The absolute values of the relative errors in the stability tests were all below 15%. The steady-state trough concentrations of LTG, LEV and PER were (5.64±4.03)μg/mL, (10.67±8.78)μg/mL and(450.20±251.27)ng/mL, respectively; the rates of achieving target trough concentrations were 71.4%, 37.5% and 84.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established UPLC-MS/MS method is specific, rapid and suitable for the plasma concentration monitoring in epileptic children receiving combination therapy.
3.Analysis of Dengue virus nucleic acid testing screening among blood donors in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, China
Xinru LIU ; Shaofang LU ; Ying YAN ; Jing DONG ; Ji WU ; Jie MA ; Le CHANG ; Huimin JI ; Huizhen SUN ; Mingwen DENG ; Xiaoqian GAO ; Lunan WANG
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion 2025;38(12):1662-1668
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Dengue virus (DENV) infection among voluntary blood donors in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, and to evaluate the necessity of implementing nucleic acid testing (NAT) for blood donors during the rainy season (May-October). Methods: Prior to initiating donor screening, the Xishuangbanna Central Blood Center conducted in-house validation of reagent performance and participated in external quality assessment (EQA) organized by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL). During the surveillance period (August-October 2024), a total of 2 919 donor samples were screened using a 6-sample mini-pool NAT strategy. Daily internal quality controls were recorded. Samples that tested positive in pooled screening were deconvoluted and retested in duplicate; only those reactive in both replicate wells were sent to the NCCL for confirmatory testing. At NCCL, samples underwent re-testing using five domestic NAT reagents, as well as serological assays for NS1 antigen and DENV-specific IgG/IgM. Confirmed positive samples were further characterized by serotyping, envelope (E) gene sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method. Results: The DENV NAT reagent demonstrated consistent detection of 40 copies/mL controls in individual donor (ID)-NAT test (mean CT: 35.61±0.40). During the 63-day quality control monitoring, DENV detection remained stable (mean CT: 22.53±0.72). The center achieved full marks in EQA assessments for 2023 and 2024. Three reactive pools were identified in initial screening, and subsequent individual testing confirmed three DENV RNA-positive donors (sample numbers: 2401, 2402, and 2403). The confirmatory test results from NCCL were: all five NAT platforms consistently detected DENV RNA in the three samples; for serological tests, 2 samples (2402, 2403) were positive for NS1 antigen, while all three samples were negative for both IgG and IgM antibodies. DENV serotyping reagents identified DENV-2 in all cases, which were further confirmed as DENV-2 Genotype Ⅱ-Cosmopolitan by E gene sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that samples 2401 and 2402 clustered with Southeast Asian strains (Thailand/MZ636802.1, Laos/PQ775621.1), while sample 2403 closely matched a previously reported local Yunnan strain (PV544686.1). Conclusion: DENV-2 infection was detected among blood donors in Xishuangbanna during the rainy season, indicating concurrent risks of imported and local transmission. We recommend implementing pooled NAT screening for blood donors in high-risk areas during dengue epidemic seasons, along with strengthened laboratory quality control, to enhance blood safety.
4.Associations between statins and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events among peritoneal dialysis patients: A multi-center large-scale cohort study.
Shuang GAO ; Lei NAN ; Xinqiu LI ; Shaomei LI ; Huaying PEI ; Jinghong ZHAO ; Ying ZHANG ; Zibo XIONG ; Yumei LIAO ; Ying LI ; Qiongzhen LIN ; Wenbo HU ; Yulin LI ; Liping DUAN ; Zhaoxia ZHENG ; Gang FU ; Shanshan GUO ; Beiru ZHANG ; Rui YU ; Fuyun SUN ; Xiaoying MA ; Li HAO ; Guiling LIU ; Zhanzheng ZHAO ; Jing XIAO ; Yulan SHEN ; Yong ZHANG ; Xuanyi DU ; Tianrong JI ; Yingli YUE ; Shanshan CHEN ; Zhigang MA ; Yingping LI ; Li ZUO ; Huiping ZHAO ; Xianchao ZHANG ; Xuejian WANG ; Yirong LIU ; Xinying GAO ; Xiaoli CHEN ; Hongyi LI ; Shutong DU ; Cui ZHAO ; Zhonggao XU ; Li ZHANG ; Hongyu CHEN ; Li LI ; Lihua WANG ; Yan YAN ; Yingchun MA ; Yuanyuan WEI ; Jingwei ZHOU ; Yan LI ; Caili WANG ; Jie DONG
Chinese Medical Journal 2025;138(21):2856-2858
5.Dexamethasone synergizes with high-fat diet to increase lipid deposition in adipocytes
Mingli SU ; Ying WANG ; Zheng YAN ; Jia LUO ; Jie YANG ; Hua YE ; Aiming LIU ; Julin YANG
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2025;40(1):92-102
Background/Aims:
Dexamethasone (DEX) is a widely used exogenous therapeutic glucocorticoid in clinical settings. Its long-term use leads to many side effects. However, its effect on metabolic disorders in individuals on a high-fat diet (HFD) remains poorly understood.
Methods:
In this study, HFD-fed mice were intraperitoneally injected with DEX 2.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Lipid metabolism, adipocyte proliferation, and inflammation were assayed using typical approaches.
Results:
DEX increased the epididymal fat index and epididymal adipocyte size in HFD-fed mice. The number of epididymal adipocytes with diameters > 70 μm accounted for 0.5% of the cells in the control group, 30% of the cells in the DEX group, 19% of the cells in the HFD group, and 38% of all the cells in the D+H group. Adipocyte proliferation in the D+H group was inhibited by DEX treatment. Adipocyte enlargement in the D+H group was associated with increased the lipid accumulation but not the adipocyte proliferation. In contrast, the liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and their metabolism were downregulated by the same treatment, indicating the therapeutic potential of DEX for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Conclusions
DEX synergizes with HFD to promote lipid deposition in adipose tissues. A high risk of obesity development in patients receiving HFD and DEX treatment is suggested.
6.Dexamethasone synergizes with high-fat diet to increase lipid deposition in adipocytes
Mingli SU ; Ying WANG ; Zheng YAN ; Jia LUO ; Jie YANG ; Hua YE ; Aiming LIU ; Julin YANG
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2025;40(1):92-102
Background/Aims:
Dexamethasone (DEX) is a widely used exogenous therapeutic glucocorticoid in clinical settings. Its long-term use leads to many side effects. However, its effect on metabolic disorders in individuals on a high-fat diet (HFD) remains poorly understood.
Methods:
In this study, HFD-fed mice were intraperitoneally injected with DEX 2.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Lipid metabolism, adipocyte proliferation, and inflammation were assayed using typical approaches.
Results:
DEX increased the epididymal fat index and epididymal adipocyte size in HFD-fed mice. The number of epididymal adipocytes with diameters > 70 μm accounted for 0.5% of the cells in the control group, 30% of the cells in the DEX group, 19% of the cells in the HFD group, and 38% of all the cells in the D+H group. Adipocyte proliferation in the D+H group was inhibited by DEX treatment. Adipocyte enlargement in the D+H group was associated with increased the lipid accumulation but not the adipocyte proliferation. In contrast, the liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and their metabolism were downregulated by the same treatment, indicating the therapeutic potential of DEX for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Conclusions
DEX synergizes with HFD to promote lipid deposition in adipose tissues. A high risk of obesity development in patients receiving HFD and DEX treatment is suggested.
7.Exploring the safety and the countermeasures of rational use of Psoraleae Fructus based on the evolution of efficacy/toxicity records in ancient and modern literature
Ying-jie XU ; Xiao-yan ZHAN ; Zhao-fang BAI ; Xiao-he XIAO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2025;60(2):314-322
Psoraleae Fructus is derived from the dried fruit of the
8.Research on compaction behavior of traditional Chinese medicine compound extract powders based on unsupervised learning
Ying FANG ; Yan-long HONG ; Xiao LIN ; Lan SHEN ; Li-jie ZHAO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2025;60(2):506-513
Direct compression is an ideal method for tablet preparation, but it requires the powder's high functional properties. The functional properties of the powder during compression directly affect the quality of the tablet. 15 parameters such as Py, FES-8KN,
9.An alkyne and two phenylpropanoid derivants from Carthamus tinctorius L.
Lin-qing QIAO ; Ge-ge XIA ; Ying-jie LI ; Wen-xuan ZHAO ; Yan-zhi WANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2025;60(1):185-190
The chemical constituents from the
10.Study on the correlation between sarcopenia, energy metabolism, and the severity of liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Jie ZHANG ; Ying LI ; Qing YE ; Na'na YAN ; Hongyan YU ; Fengmei WANG ; Fusheng DI
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2025;33(8):790-798
Objective:To explore the demographic composition of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and the role of energy metabolism in the progression of MAFLD in order to provide theoretical support for improving the prognosis of MAFLD.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Ninety-four cases with T2DM combined with MAFLD admitted to the Endocrinology Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital from July 2014 to July 2019 were selected. Patients were divided into three groups: non-metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH) group (25 cases), borderline MASH group (49 cases), and MASH group (20 cases) according to the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS). Patients were further divided into two groups: non/mild fibrosis (F0-1) group (74 cases) and the significant fibrosis (F2-4) group (20 cases) in accordance with liver fibrosis scores. The differences in general clinical and biochemical indicators, body composition, and energy metabolism indicators among the groups were compared. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore factors affecting liver inflammation and fibrosis severity degree in patients with MAFLD.Results:The visceral fat area (VFA) and body fat percentage (PBF) were significantly higher in the MASH group than in the non-MASH group ( P<0.05), while the skeletal muscle mass index and body mass index (SMI-BMI) were significantly lower in the MASH group than in the marginal MASH group ( P<0.05) during the comparison of body composition and substrate metabolism at different stages of MASH. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly higher in the fibrotic group than in those in the no/mild fibrosis group ( P<0.05) when comparing clinical and biochemical indicators, body composition, and substrate metabolism at different stages of fibrosis. The skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMI-BMI, SMM-Weight, resting energy expenditure (REE), and fat oxidation rate (FAT OXR) were significantly lower in the fibrotic group than those in the no/mild fibrosis group ( P<0.05). The respiratory quotient and carbohydrate functional ratio (%CHO) were significantly higher in the fibrotic group than in the no/mild fibrosis group ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between the NAS score, reflecting the severity of liver inflammatory lesions, with VFA and PBF ( r=0.258 and 0.323, P<0.05); while the F score was positively correlated with the respiratory quotient, %CHO, and VFA ( r=0.292, 0.303, and 0.239, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with REE, the energy ratio from fat, FAT OXR, SMM, SMI-Weight, and SMI-BMI ( r=-0.209, -0.214, -0.333, -0.240, -0.250, and -0.305, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that SMI-Weight and FAT OXR were independent factors affecting the progression of liver fibrosis. Conclusion:The reduction of skeletal muscle, particularly because of energy metabolism, is a factor affecting the progression of fibrosis in MAFLD.

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