Aim To establish a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammatory injury model in H9c2 cardiomyocytes,and to investigate the anti-inflammato-ry effects of tanshinone ⅡA(Tan ⅡA)and its influ-ence on cuproptosis.Methods Cell viability was de-tected by CCK-8 method.The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)were meas-ured by RT-qPCR.Intracellular copper ion levels were detected via colorimetry.The protein expression levels of cuproptosis-related markers(CTR1,FDX1,DLAT,PD H α1)were determined using Western blot and im-munofluorescence techniques.Results Tan ⅡA sig-nificantly inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of in-flammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6)and Cu+accumulation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.Moreover,Tan ⅡA reversed the exacerbated inflammatory re-sponse and elevated Cu+levels induced by the combi-nation of LPS and the copper ionophore Elesclomol-Cu(Ⅱ).Additionally,Tan ⅡA markedly downregulated the protein expression of CTR1,FDX1,DLAT,and PDHα1.Conclusion Tan ⅡA alleviates LPS-in-duced inflammatory injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by regulating intracellular Cu+levels and the expression of cuproptosis-related proteins.

To investigate the transcriptionally regulatory mechanism of the senp8 promoter in yellow cat-fish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco);this study used P.fulvidraco as the research subject.Dual-luciferase re-porter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were employed to analyze the functional activity of the promoter;coupled with in vivo experiments.The results indicated that the 2 045 bp senp8 promoter se-quence contained key transcription factor binding sites such as SP1;TATA-Box;CCAAT-Box;SREBP1;PPARα;and PPARγ.The binding sites of SREBP1(-901/-910 bp);PPARα(-1 291/-1 308 bp);and PPARγ(-1 292/-1 306 bp)in the senp8 promoter positively regulate its activity;and oleic acid or palmitic acid promote this binding.Furthermore;high-fat feeding promoted the expression of the senp8 gene and its protein in the liver of P.fulvidraco;oleic acid or palmitic acid treatment significantly en-hanced the activity of the senp8 promoter;and this enhancement could be achieved through the regulatory effects of SREBP1;PPARα;and PPARγ response elements.Additionally;high-fat feeding influenced the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes related to deSUMOylation modification in the liver of P.fulvidraco.This study provides new insights into the relationship between deSUMOylation modification and the regulation of lipid metabolism in the vertebrates.

Aim To establish a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammatory injury model in H9c2 cardiomyocytes,and to investigate the anti-inflammato-ry effects of tanshinone ⅡA(Tan ⅡA)and its influ-ence on cuproptosis.Methods Cell viability was de-tected by CCK-8 method.The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)were meas-ured by RT-qPCR.Intracellular copper ion levels were detected via colorimetry.The protein expression levels of cuproptosis-related markers(CTR1,FDX1,DLAT,PD H α1)were determined using Western blot and im-munofluorescence techniques.Results Tan ⅡA sig-nificantly inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of in-flammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6)and Cu+accumulation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.Moreover,Tan ⅡA reversed the exacerbated inflammatory re-sponse and elevated Cu+levels induced by the combi-nation of LPS and the copper ionophore Elesclomol-Cu(Ⅱ).Additionally,Tan ⅡA markedly downregulated the protein expression of CTR1,FDX1,DLAT,and PDHα1.Conclusion Tan ⅡA alleviates LPS-in-duced inflammatory injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by regulating intracellular Cu+levels and the expression of cuproptosis-related proteins.

Testicular histology based on testicular biopsy is an important factor for determining appropriate testicular sperm extraction surgery and predicting sperm retrieval outcomes in patients with azoospermia. Therefore, we developed a deep learning (DL) model to establish the associations between testicular grayscale ultrasound images and testicular histology. We retrospectively included two-dimensional testicular grayscale ultrasound from patients with azoospermia (353 men with 4357 images between July 2017 and December 2021 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) to develop a DL model. We obtained testicular histology during conventional testicular sperm extraction. Our DL model was trained based on ultrasound images or fusion data (ultrasound images fused with the corresponding testicular volume) to distinguish spermatozoa presence in pathology (SPP) and spermatozoa absence in pathology (SAP) and to classify maturation arrest (MA) and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) in patients with SAP. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used to analyze model performance. DL based on images achieved an AUC of 0.922 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.908-0.935), a sensitivity of 80.9%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an accuracy of 83.5% in predicting SPP (including normal spermatogenesis and hypospermatogenesis) and SAP (including MA and SCOS). In the identification of SCOS and MA, DL on fusion data yielded better diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.979 (95% CI: 0.969-0.989), a sensitivity of 89.7%, a specificity of 97.1%, and an accuracy of 92.1%. Our study provides a noninvasive method to predict testicular histology for patients with azoospermia, which would avoid unnecessary testicular biopsy.
Humans ; Male ; Azoospermia/diagnostic imaging* ; Deep Learning ; Testis/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Ultrasonography/methods* ; Sperm Retrieval ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome/diagnostic imaging*

To investigate the transcriptionally regulatory mechanism of the senp8 promoter in yellow cat-fish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco);this study used P.fulvidraco as the research subject.Dual-luciferase re-porter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were employed to analyze the functional activity of the promoter;coupled with in vivo experiments.The results indicated that the 2 045 bp senp8 promoter se-quence contained key transcription factor binding sites such as SP1;TATA-Box;CCAAT-Box;SREBP1;PPARα;and PPARγ.The binding sites of SREBP1(-901/-910 bp);PPARα(-1 291/-1 308 bp);and PPARγ(-1 292/-1 306 bp)in the senp8 promoter positively regulate its activity;and oleic acid or palmitic acid promote this binding.Furthermore;high-fat feeding promoted the expression of the senp8 gene and its protein in the liver of P.fulvidraco;oleic acid or palmitic acid treatment significantly en-hanced the activity of the senp8 promoter;and this enhancement could be achieved through the regulatory effects of SREBP1;PPARα;and PPARγ response elements.Additionally;high-fat feeding influenced the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes related to deSUMOylation modification in the liver of P.fulvidraco.This study provides new insights into the relationship between deSUMOylation modification and the regulation of lipid metabolism in the vertebrates.

Objective To explore the regulatory effect of corilagin(COR)on Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation and chondrocyte pyroptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)combined with nigericin(NIG).Methods Primary chondrocytes isolated from C57BL/6J mice were cultured to passage 3 for experiments.Cells were divided into control group,LPS group,LPS+NIG group,and LPS+NIG+COR(low-,medium-,and high-dose)groups.The chondrocytes were pre-sensitized with LPS for 4 h.Then the cells were treated with COR at different concentrations(10,20,and 40 μmol/L)for 30 min,and finally NIG(10 μmol/L)was supplemented for 1 h.Control cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supplemented with 1%FBS.Cell counting kit 8(CCK-8)was used to detect the effect of COR at different concentrations(10,20,40 μmol/L)on chondrocyte viability.Propidium iodide(PI)and Hoechst 33342 staining and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release assay were used to analyze the effect of COR on chondrocyte death induced by LPS and NIG.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation marker cysteine aspartic acid specific protease 1(caspase 1)p20 in the cell supernatant and NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),caspase 1,interleukin-1β precursor(pro-IL-1β),and pyroptosis execution protein gasdermin D(GSDMD)in the cell lysate.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the level of IL-1β in cell culture supernatant.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(H2DCFDA)staining was used to observe the effect of COR on ROS production,and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of intracellular glycolysis-related proteins hexokinase 2(HK2),glucose transporter 1(GLUT1),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA).Results COR exhibited slight effect on chondrocyte viability at the concentration≤40 μmol/L.COR(10-40 μmol/L)reduced the proportion of PI-positive cells(all P＜0.05)and the release of LDH(all P＜0.01)stimulated by LPS and NIG,inhibited the expression of GSDMD N-terminus domain in chondrocytes,and reduced the release of caspase 1 p20 and IL-1β from chondrocytes(all P＜0.01).Furthermore,COR(40 μmol/L)reduced the production of ROS(compared with the control group,P＜0.01)and inhibited the expression of glycolysis-related proteins HK2,GLUT1,and LDHA(all P＜0.05).Conclusion COR can inhibit NIG-induced glycolysis/ROS/NLRP3 signaling,thereby preventing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and chondrocyte pyroptosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of long-term radiofrequency(RF)radiation at 2.65 GHz on behavior,inflammatory response,and intestinal microecology in mice in order to provide a basis for the safety assessment of long-term RF exposure.Methods One hundred and eight male C57BL/6N mice(17～21 g,6～8 weeks old)were randomly assigned to a control group(Con)and a RF exposure group.The mice of the RF exposure group were subjected to whole-body uniform exposure to 2.65 GHz RF radiation in an electromagnetic reverberation chamber for 3 h/day for 28 consecutive days.RF field distribution and changes in core body temperature were monitored using an electromagnetic radiation analyzer and a fiber-optic temperature probe,respectively.Cognitive function was assessed using the Y-maze and novel object recognition(NOR)test.Anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated through open field test(OFT)and elevated plus maze(EPM),while depressive-like behaviors were examined with sucrose preference test(SPT)and tail suspension test(TST).HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in mouse tissues.Radioimmunoassay(RIA)was employed to detect the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,TNF-α and IL-1 β,as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines,IL-4 and IL-10 in the serum,brain,jejunum,and spleen samples.Additionally,metagenomic sequencing was performed to assess alterations in the gut microbiota composition.Results Long-term RF radiation led to a maximal increase of 0.59℃in the core body temperature,but had no significant effects on cognitive function,anxiety-like behaviors,or depressive-like behaviors,or apparent damage of the hippocampal or jejunal tissues in the exposed mice.However,RF exposure significantly up-regulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in serum(P<0.05),and did not significantly alter the concentrations of other cytokines(IL-1β,IL-4,IL-10),caused significant decrease in α-diversity of the intestinal microbiota(P<0.01),with reduced relative abundances of Ligilactobacillus murinus and Acetatifactor muris(P<0.05),while elevated abundances of Lachnospiraceae bacterium(P<0.01).Conclusion Long-term exposure to 2.65 GHz RF radiation induces systemic inflammatory responses and disrupts gut microbiota homeostasis in mice.

Forensic medicine has been designated as a first-level discipline,presenting new opportunities and challenges for the development of forensic medicine.Since the 1980s,the establishment of foren-sic medicine discipline and the cultivation of high-level forensic talents have become hot topics in the development of forensic medicine in China.Since the 13th Five-Year Plan,the forensic team of Shanxi Medical University has been aiming at the forefront,proposing the development goals of"Five First-class"and the discipline development path"Six Major Achievements".It has selected benchmark disci-plines,identified gaps in disciplinary development,unified thoughts,formulated completion timelines,concentrated superior resources,assigned tasks to individuals,and created an"Organized Fill-in-the-Blank Format"forensic medicine discipline construction model with the characteristics of the new era.The construction model of forensic medicine has achieved good results in the goals,discipline frame-work,scientific research,talent cultivation,discipline team and platform construction,forming a rela-tively complete discipline construction and management system,and accumulating valuable experience for the construction of first-level discipline and high-level talent cultivation of forensic medicine.

The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in testicular volume changes after orchiopexy in children with cryptorchidism. The clinical data of 854 children with cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between January 2013 and December 2016 in Shenzhen Children's Hospital (Shenzhen, China) were retrospectively analyzed. The mean (standard deviation) age of the patients was 2.8 (2.5) years, and the duration of follow-up ranged from 1 year to 5 years. Ultrasonography was conducted preoperatively and postoperatively. The variables analyzed included age at the time of surgery, type of surgical procedure, laterality, preoperative testicular position, preoperative and postoperative testicular volumes, and the testicular volume ratio of them. The average testicular volumes preoperatively and at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years postoperatively were 0.27 ml, 0.38 ml, 0.53 ml, 0.87 ml, and 1.00 ml, respectively ( P < 0.001). The corresponding testicular volume ratios were 0.67, 0.76, 0.80, 0.83, and 0.84 ( P < 0.001). The mean volume of the undescended testes was significantly smaller than the mean normative value ( P < 0.001, lower than the 10 th percentile). The postoperative testicular volumes in children with cryptorchidism were generally lower than those in healthy boys but were still greater than the 10 th percentile and exhibited an increasing trend. The older the child is at the time of surgery, the larger the gap in volume between the affected and normal testes. Although testicular volume tends to gradually increase after orchiopexy for cryptorchidism, it could not normalizes. Earlier surgery results in affected testicular volumes closer to those of healthy boys.
Humans ; Male ; Cryptorchidism/diagnostic imaging* ; Orchiopexy ; Child, Preschool ; Testis/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Organ Size ; Ultrasonography ; Infant ; Child ; Postoperative Period ; Follow-Up Studies

This study summarizes the holistic nursing management of high-output stomas in three cases of refractory Crohn's disease following double stoma surgery.The nursing highlights encompassed management of high-output stomas(including assessment of high stoma output,use of octreotide ace-tate combined with Bifidobacterium and montmorillonite powder to reduce high stoma output,and dual stoma management),dynamic assessment of nutritional risk,stepped nutritional support,psychological intervention,and continued care at home.After treatment and nursing,the high stoma output in all three patients was effectively controlled,their nutritional status gradually improved,and they were dis-charged in an improved condition.