The process of diabetic wound healing is highly complex， and the persistence of non-healing wounds is closely associated with sustained oxidative stress in the body . Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） demonstrates unique therapeutic advantages in promoting diabetic wound repair by modulating oxidative stress through multiple targets and pathways. This article presents a systematic review of the mechanism of TCM regulating oxidative stress to promote diabetic wound healing. It has been found that TCM monomers （such as rutin， baicalin， lonicerin， and curcumin）， extracts （including aqueous extract of Gynura divaricata ， extract of Polygonatum kingianum ， extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves， etc）， and compound formulations （such as Badu shengji powder， Danggui sini decoction， Compound ANBP， etc） can effectively alleviate oxidative stress-induced damage in diabetic wounds by modulating related signaling pathways， including nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2， nuclear factor κB，advanced glycation end products （AGEs）/receptors of AGEs， and silencing information regulatory factor 1. The underlying mechanisms are mainly manifested as： activating the antioxidant defense system， inhibiting inflammatory response， and improving mitochondrial function， thereby synergistically promoting wound healing.

BACKGROUND:Psoralen has a strong anti-osteoporotic activity and may have a restorative effect on chemotherapy-induced osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the restorative effect of psoralen on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in mice inhibited by cyclophosphamide and its mechanism. METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured.Effect of psoralen on viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by MTT assay.Osteogenic induction combined with alkaline phosphatase staining was used to determine the optimal dose of psoralen to restore the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibited by cyclophosphamide.The mRNA expression levels of Runx2,alkaline phosphatase,Osteocalcin,osteoprotegerin,and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related genes Wnt1,Wnt4,Wnt10b,β-catenin,and c-MYC were measured by RT-qPCR at different time points under the intervention with psoralen.The protein expression of osteogenic specific transcription factor Runx2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway related genes Active β-catenin,DKK1,c-MYC,and Cyclin D1 was determined by western blot assay at different time points under the intervention with psoralen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There was no significant effect of different concentrations of psoralen on the viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.The best recovery of the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide was under the intervention of psoralen at a concentration of 200 μmol/L.(2)Psoralen reversed the reduction in osteogenic differentiation marker genes Runx2,alkaline phosphatase,Osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin mRNA expression and Runx2 protein expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide conditioned medium.(3)Psoralen reversed the decrease in Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes Wnt4,β-catenin,c-MYC mRNA and Active β-catenin,c-MYC,and Cyclin D1 protein expression and the increase in DKK1 protein expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells caused by cyclophosphamide conditioned medium.(4)The results showed that cyclophosphamide inhibited osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in mice,and psoralen had a restorative effect on it.The best intervention effect was achieved at a concentration of 200 μmol/L psoralen,and this protective effect might be related to the activation of Wnt4/β-catenin signaling pathway by psoralen.

OBJECTIVE:Neuromuscular exercise is a new comprehensive rehabilitation therapy in recent years,but its effect on knee osteoarthritis is still controversial.The purpose of this paper is to systematically evaluate the efficacy of neuromuscular exercise on knee osteoarthritis pain and function. METHODS:The randomized controlled trials addressing neuromuscular exercise in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis pain and function were retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,EBSCO,CNKI,Web of Science,China Biomedical Database(CBM),VIP,and WanFang Database.The retrieval time ranged from database inception to October 2023.The neuromuscular training group(experimental group)was given neuromuscular training or neuromuscular training as the main intervention;the control group was a blank group or given conventional rehabilitation.Outcome indicators included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)score,walking time,knee stability,and the maximum number of knee flexion in 30 seconds.The risk of bias was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS:A total of 11 randomized controlled trials were included,and 628 samples were extracted.The results of Meta-analysis showed that the experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of WOMAC pain score[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.38,95%confidence interval(CI):0.08-0.69,P=0.01],knee stability(SMD=0.57,95%CI:0.23-0.92,P=0.001),the maximum number of knee joint flexion in 30 seconds(SMD=0.35,95%CI:0.05-0.65,P=0.02),and WOMAC physical function score(SMD=-0.79,95%CI:-1.30 to-0.28,P=0.002).In both groups,walking speed was increased and walking ability was improved in patients with knee osteoarthritis,but there was no significant difference(walking time:SMD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.48-0.03,P=0.09). CONCLUSION:Neuromuscular exercise can effectively improve knee joint pain,enhance the stability of the knee joint,and promote functional recovery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.However,more high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed to further confirm the research.

[Objective] To study the molecular biological mechanism for a case of ABO blood group B subtype, and perform three-dimensional modeling of the mutant enzyme. [Methods] The ABO phenotype was identified by the tube method and microcolumn gel method; the ABO gene of the proband was detected by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), and the exon 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were sequenced and analyzed. Homologous modeling of Bw.03 glycosyltransferase (GT) was carried out by Modeller and analyzed by PyMOL2.5.0 software. [Results] The weakening B antigen was detected in the proband sample by forward typing, and anti-B antibody was detected by reverse typing. PCR-SSP detection showed B, O gene, and the sequencing results showed c.721 C>T mutation in exon 7 of the B gene, resulting in p. Arg 241 Trp. Compared with the wild type, the structure of Bw.03GT was partially changed, and the intermolecular force analysis showed that the original three hydrogen bonds at 241 position disappeared. [Conclusion] Blood group molecular biology examination is helpful for the accurate identification of ambiguous blood group. Homologous modeling more intuitively shows the key site for the weakening of Bw.03 GT activity. The intermolecular force analysis can explain the root cause of enzyme activity weakening.

Objective To systematically evaluate the radiation impact of radioactive sources used in online elemental analyzers in cement enterprises on the surrounding environment, and to provide a scientific basis for radiation monitoring and safety management at the application sites of this type of radioactive sources. Methods A statistical analysis was conducted on 15 cement enterprises in Guangxi Province using online elemental analyzers with ²⁵²Cf as the radioactive source. On-site investigation of radiation safety management and on-site monitoring of radiation environment were performed, followed by an evaluation based on the collected data. Results Although the gamma radiation ambient dose equivalent rate and neutron ambient dose equivalent rate increased around the sites using online elemental analyzers with ²⁵²Cf as the radioactive source, they all met the requirements of the Radiological Health Protection Requirements for Instruments with Sealed Sources (GBZ 125—2009). Conclusion Under the current usage and management conditions, the application of this type of radioactive sources has controllable radiation impact on the surrounding environment, and will not pose a threat to public health and environmental safety. However, continuous strengthening of radiation safety management measures and regular radiation monitoring work are still needed to ensure the safe use of radioactive sources, further reducing potential radiation risks and providing strong guarantees for the safe application of radioactive sources in online elemental analyzers in cement enterprises.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the etiological characteristics of bacterial meningitis (BM) in infants aged <90 days. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the etiology and outcomes of BM in infants aged <90 days admitted to five collaborating hospitals between January 2007 and December 2021. The overall etiological profile was described, and pathogen distributions were compared across different age groups, regions, and years. The prognosis of BM caused by common pathogens was also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 197 infants with bacteriologically confirmed BM were included. The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli (E. coli) (72 cases, 36.5%), group B Streptococcus (GBS) (49 cases, 24.9%), and Listeria monocytogenes (LM) (11 cases, 5.6%). The detection rate of E. coli was significantly higher in the neonatal group than in the infant group (40.2% vs 18.2%, P<0.05). E. coli was the predominant pathogen in Beijing (31.7%) and Kunming (54.1%), while GBS and E. coli were equally prevalent in Shenzhen (33.3%). From 2018 to 2021, the detection rates of E. coli were 46.4%, 47.2%, 45.2%, and 36.8%, respectively, whereas those of GBS were 25.0%, 27.8%, 22.6%, and 31.6%. No significant difference was observed in the overall complication rates among BM cases caused by E. coli, GBS, and LM (P>0.05). However, ventriculitis and hydrocephalus were more frequent in LM meningitis than in GBS meningitis (P<0.017). CONCLUSIONS E. coli is the most common pathogen in BM among young infants, particularly neonates. GBS is predominant in Shenzhen, with an increasing trend. LM meningitis accounts for a notable proportion of cases and is associated with poorer outcomes.
Humans ; Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology* ; Infant ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Female

OBJECTIVES: To study genotype-phenotype correlations in children with FGFR3 variants and to improve clinical recognition of related disorders. METHODS: Clinical data of 95 patients aged 0-18 years harboring FGFR3 variants, confirmed by whole‑exome sequencing at Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2012 to December 2023, were retrospectively reviewed. Detailed phenotypic characterization was performed for 22 patients with achondroplasia (ACH) and 10 with hypochondroplasia (HCH). RESULTS: Among the 95 patients, 52 (55%) had ACH, 24 (25%) had HCH, 9 (9%) had thanatophoric dysplasia, 3 (3%) had syndromic skeletal dysplasia, 2 (2%) had severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans, and 5 (5%) remained unclassified. A previously unreported FGFR3 variant, c.1663G>T, was identified. All 22 ACH patients presented with disproportionate short stature accompanied by limb dysplasia, commonly with macrocephaly, a depressed nasal bridge, bowed legs, and frontal bossing; complications were present in 17 (77%). The 10 HCH patients predominantly exhibited disproportionate short stature with limb dysplasia and depressed nasal bridge. CONCLUSIONS ACH is the most frequent phenotype associated with FGFR3 variants, and missense variants constitute the predominant variant type. The degree of FGFR3 activation appears to correlate with the clinical severity of skeletal dysplasia.
Humans ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/genetics* ; Child ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Dwarfism/genetics* ; Achondroplasia/genetics* ; Lordosis/genetics* ; Infant, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies ; Genetic Association Studies ; Bone and Bones/abnormalities* ; Phenotype ; Limb Deformities, Congenital

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the occurrence of SRSF2 mutations in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia(CMML) patients and their correlation with other gene mutations and some clinical characteristics. METHODS: The clinical data of 43 CMML patients diagnosed in Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital and Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and gene mutations detection was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS: Among the 43 CMML patients the SRSF2 mutation detection rate was 39.5%(17/43). These mutations clustered collectively at the proline 95 residue in the splicing factor SRSF2. The other genes with mutation rate greater than 15% were ASXL1 (48.8%), TET2 (41.9%), NRAS (30.2%), RUNX1 (25.6%), and SETBP1 (16.3%). Among SRSF2- mutated patients, the most common co-mutation was ASXL1, followed by TET2. The median age of SRSF2 mutant patients was significantly higher than that of the wild type (68 vs 51.5, P < 0.001), but there was not statistically significant differences in gender, peripheral leukocytes, hemoglobin, platelets, karyotype, and blast cell compared to the wild-type (all P >0.05). Notably, 4 out of the 6 SRSF2 ^mutASXL1^mut CMML patients developed leukemia transformation, and 1 out of 10 SRSF2 ^wtASXL1^wt CMML patients developed leukemia transformation, with statistically significant difference in leukemia transformation rates (66.7% vs 10%, P =0.036). CONCLUSION SRSF2 mutations have a high incidence in CMML, occurring frequently in older patients, and often coexisting with ASXL1 and TET2 mutations. Patients with CMML carrying both SRSF2^mut ASXL1^mut double mutations have a higher risk of acute leukemia transformation.
Humans ; Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors/genetics* ; Mutation ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Repressor Proteins/genetics* ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Dioxygenases ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between platelet alloantibodies and CD8⁺ T cell with platelet desialylation and apoptosis in platelet transfusion refractoriness(PTR). METHODS: The expression of RCA-1, CD62P and Neu1 on platelets were detected in 135 PTR patients and 260 healthy controls. The ability of PTR patients' sera with anti-HLA antibody, anti-CD36 antibody and antibody-negative groups to induce platelet desialylation and apoptosis, and the potential effect of FcγR inhibitors on desialylation and apoptosis were evaluated. Additionally, the association between CD8⁺ T cells and platelet desialylation in patients was analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of RCA-1 and Neu1 on platelets in PTR patients were significantly higher than those in healthy donors（P < 0.05）, but were not related to platelet alloantibody (P >0.05). The sera of PTR patients generally induced platelet desialylation in vitro （P < 0.05）, with no significant differences among the groups（P >0.05）. However, the sera with anti-CD36 antibodies could induce platelet apoptosis significantly higher than that in the anti-HLA antibody group and antibody-negative group in vitro (P < 0.05). In PTR patients with anti-CD36 antibodies, platelet apoptosis was dependent on FcγR signaling, while desialylation is not. Moreover, CD8⁺ T cells in PTR patients were significantly associated with platelet desialylation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Platelet desialylation is a common pathological phenomenon in PTR patients， which involves the participation of CD8⁺ T cell, but isn't associated with platelet alloantibody; while anti-CD36 antibodies have potential clinical significance in predicting platelet apoptosis in PTR patients.
Humans ; Apoptosis ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology* ; Blood Platelets/metabolism* ; Platelet Transfusion ; Isoantibodies ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease with severe inflammatory processes associated with numerous gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and IBD and the possible risk factors associated with the diagnosis of IBD. Methods: This longitudinal nationwide cohort study investigated the risk of IBD in patients with NAFLD alone. General characteristics, comorbidities, and incidence of IBD were also compared. Results: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD had a significant risk of developing IBD compared to control individuals, who were associated with a 2.245-fold risk of the diagnosis of IBD and a 2.260- and 2.231-fold of increased diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, respectively (P< 0.001). The cumulative risk of IBD increased annually during the follow-up of patients with NAFLD (P< 0.001). Conclusions Our results emphasize that NAFLD significantly impacts its incidence in patients with NAFLD. If patients with NAFLD present with risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, these conditions should be properly treated with regular follow-ups. Furthermore, we believe that these causes may be associated with the second peak of IBD.