Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a common disease often accompanied by pain, seriously affecting physical and mental health of patients. Abnormal innervation at the osteochondral junction has been considered as a predominant origin of arthralgia, while the specific mechanism mediating pain remains unclear. To investigate the underlying mechanism of TMJ-OA pain, an abnormal joint loading model was used to induce TMJ-OA pain. We found that during the development of TMJ-OA, the increased innervation of sympathetic nerve of subchondral bone precedes that of sensory nerves. Furthermore, these two types of nerves are spatially closely associated. Additionally, it was discovered that activation of sympathetic neural signals promotes osteoarthritic pain in mice, whereas blocking these signals effectively alleviates pain. In vitro experiments also confirmed that norepinephrine released by sympathetic neurons promotes the activation and axonal growth of sensory neurons. Moreover, we also discovered that through releasing norepinephrine, regional sympathetic nerves of subchondral bone were found to regulate growth and activation of local sensory nerves synergistically with other pain regulators. This study identified the role of regional sympathetic nerves in mediating pain in TMJ-OA. It sheds light on a new mechanism of abnormal innervation at the osteochondral junction and the regional crosstalk between peripheral nerves, providing a potential target for treating TMJ-OA pain.
Animals ; Osteoarthritis/physiopathology* ; Mice ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/physiopathology* ; Arthralgia ; Sensory Receptor Cells ; Disease Models, Animal ; Norepinephrine ; Male ; Temporomandibular Joint/physiopathology* ; Pain Measurement

Objective To investigate the correlation between patellar tendon-lateral femoral condyle friction syndrome(PT-LFCFS)and bony anatomical abnormalities of the patellofemoral joint.Methods Univariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed on MRI measurement data of bony anatomical structures related to patellofemoral joint in 65 knee joints from 59 subjects(29 cases in the patient group and 30 cases in the control group).Based on the results,the pathogenic factors of PT-LFCFS were identified.Results Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the Install-Salvati index(t=8.947,P＜0.001),trochlear groove depth(TGD)(t=-3.540,P=0.001),trochlear facet asymmetry(TFA)(t=—5.598,P＜0.001),lateral trochlear inclination(LTI)(t=—4.453,P＜0.001),patellar displacement(PD)(t=4.358,P＜0.001),tibial tubercle to trochlear groove(TT-TG)distance(Z=—4.814,P＜0.001),patellar tilt angle(PTA)(Z=-3.927,P＜0.001).Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis results showed that an increased Install-Salvati index[P=0.004,odds ratio(OR)=7.324]was a risk factor for the occurrence of the PT-LFCFS.Conclusion PT-LFCFS is associated with bony anatomical abnormalities indicating patellar instability,such as patella alta,increased TT-TG distance,and trochlear dysplasia.An increased Install-Salvati index is a bony anatomical structure risk factor for the occurrence of PT-LFCFS.

Objective To investigate the correlation between patellar tendon-lateral femoral condyle friction syndrome(PT-LFCFS)and bony anatomical abnormalities of the patellofemoral joint.Methods Univariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed on MRI measurement data of bony anatomical structures related to patellofemoral joint in 65 knee joints from 59 subjects(29 cases in the patient group and 30 cases in the control group).Based on the results,the pathogenic factors of PT-LFCFS were identified.Results Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the Install-Salvati index(t=8.947,P＜0.001),trochlear groove depth(TGD)(t=-3.540,P=0.001),trochlear facet asymmetry(TFA)(t=—5.598,P＜0.001),lateral trochlear inclination(LTI)(t=—4.453,P＜0.001),patellar displacement(PD)(t=4.358,P＜0.001),tibial tubercle to trochlear groove(TT-TG)distance(Z=—4.814,P＜0.001),patellar tilt angle(PTA)(Z=-3.927,P＜0.001).Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis results showed that an increased Install-Salvati index[P=0.004,odds ratio(OR)=7.324]was a risk factor for the occurrence of the PT-LFCFS.Conclusion PT-LFCFS is associated with bony anatomical abnormalities indicating patellar instability,such as patella alta,increased TT-TG distance,and trochlear dysplasia.An increased Install-Salvati index is a bony anatomical structure risk factor for the occurrence of PT-LFCFS.

Using big data and artificial intelligence to establish a multi-point monitoring, early warning, and disposal system to achieve early warning and intervention of infectious disease outbreaks is an important means of controlling the spread of the epidemic. Taking Xiaoshan district as an example, this study analyzes the monitoring contents, warning methods, and application effectiveness of the infectious disease monitoring, early warning and disposal system. Based on Xiaoshan′s health big data resources, the system starts with syndrome, disease diagnosis and etiology. Through advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and block chain, it realizes early identification of infectious disease outbreaks, data fusion, multi-cross collaboration, and closed-loop management. It has improved the sensitivity of clustered outbreaks monitoring and the effectiveness of epidemic disposal and provided a reference for grassroots disease prevention and control departments to establish an infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Using big data and artificial intelligence to establish a multi-point monitoring, early warning, and disposal system to achieve early warning and intervention of infectious disease outbreaks is an important means of controlling the spread of the epidemic. Taking Xiaoshan district as an example, this study analyzes the monitoring contents, warning methods, and application effectiveness of the infectious disease monitoring, early warning and disposal system. Based on Xiaoshan′s health big data resources, the system starts with syndrome, disease diagnosis and etiology. Through advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and block chain, it realizes early identification of infectious disease outbreaks, data fusion, multi-cross collaboration, and closed-loop management. It has improved the sensitivity of clustered outbreaks monitoring and the effectiveness of epidemic disposal and provided a reference for grassroots disease prevention and control departments to establish an infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Objective:To investigate the gene transcription level changes in the amygdala of social isolation rearing models of schizophrenia to determine the pathogenic genes and their related pathways of schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 29 3-week-old SPF C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into control group ( n=16) and model group ( n=13); 4 mice were raised in each transparent mouse cage in the control group, and 1 mouse was raised in each transparent mouse cage in the model group; mice in each cage could see their surrounding mice but could not touch each other. Mice in both groups were fed for 4 weeks and then subjected to open field experiment, pre-pulse inhibition experiment and new object recognition experiment within one week. After the experiment, mice were sacrificed by spinal dislocation, and the amygdala was taken for transcriptome sequencing. The topGO software was used for gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed using KEGG database. Results:(1) Animal experiment: compared with the control group, the model group had significantly increased movement distance in the open field experiment ([1 239.20±106.35] m vs. [1 845.53±143.65] m, t=3.464, P=0.002), significantly decreased activity time in the central region 5 min before experiment ([13.15±1.41] s vs. [8.47±1.19]) s, t=2.464, P=0.020). Compared with the control group, the model group had significantly lower percentage of deficient prepulse inhibition (PPI) of 78 dB ([22.28±1.53] % vs. [14.59±2.75] %, t=2.629, P=0.013), and deficient PPI of 88 dB ([32.83±3.39] % vs. [18.44±3.07] %, t=3.081, P=0.005). Compared with the control group, the model group had significantly decreased ratio of time exploring new objects/time exploring former objects ([80.5±2.2]% vs. [71.0±3.6]%, t=2.356, P=0.026). (2) Bioinformatics analysis: a total of 96 DEGs were found, of which 42 were with up-regulated expressions ( Th, Crlf1, etc.), and 54 were with down-regulated expressions ( Prkcd, etc.). Th and Crlf1 were positively correlated ( r=0.940, P=0.018). GO enrichment results suggested that DEGs were enriched in projection function of plasma membrane boundary cells, neuronal differentiation, and cell apoptosis. KEGG enrichment results suggested that DEGs were enriched in WNT signaling pathway, apoptosis pathway and tyrosine metabolism pathway. Protein network interaction analysis suggested that Wnt6, Tcf712, Pitx2, Tcf7 and Cd4 were key proteins. Conclusion:DEGs such as Th, Prkcd, Lrrc74b, Fadd, Wnt6, Ror2, Notum, and Tcf7l2, and their related signaling pathways may be related to schizophrenia in the amygdala of social isolation rearing mice.

Objective:To analyze the difference of maternal and neonatal outcomes for the living infant of surgically and spontaneously reduced dichorionic pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods:We used a retrospective cohort study to analyze the clinical data of 11 050 fresh/frozen-thawed double embryos transfer with singleton live birth cycles in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2014 to October 2021, including 226 cases in the surgical reduction group, 1 506 cases in the spontaneous reduction group, and 9 318 cases of singleton pregnancy in control group. The basic clinical data, maternal and fetal complications and birth outcomes of the three groups were compared by univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting maternal and infant outcomes.Results:The rate of premature rupture of membranes in the natural fetal reduction group, the surgical reduction group and control group was 1.4% (21/1 506), 1.3% (3/226) and 0.6% (56/9 318), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups ( P=0.003). The differences of the risk of preterm birth, very premature birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, and small for gestational age among the surgical fetal reduction group [17.3% (39/226), 4.0% (9/226), 15.5% (35/226), 3.1% (7/226), 9.3% (21/226)], the natural fetal reduction group [11.6% (175/1 506), 1.9% (28/1 506), 8.6% (129/1 506), 1.3% (20/1 506), 9.1% (137/1 506)] and control group [7.7% (721/9 318), 0.9% (86/9 318), 3.9% (367/9 318), 0.5% (45/9 318), 6.0% (560/9 318)] were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Compared with the spontaneous reduction group, the surgical reduction group had a higher risk of premature birth [(a OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.64-3.42, P<0.001) vs. (a OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.29-1.84, P<0.001)], very preterm birth [(a OR=4.26, 95% CI: 2.02-8.97, P=0.001) vs. (a OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.26-3.01, P=0.003)], low birth weight [(a OR=4.35, 95% CI: 2.94-6.44, P<0.001) vs. (a OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.83-2.79, P<0.001)] and small-for-gestational age[(a OR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.14-2.92, P=0.013) vs. (a OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.31-1.95, P<0.001)]. There was no statistical difference in birth defect rate among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The risk of maternal and fetal complications and birth defects for the living singletons of surgically and spontaneously reduced dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies were similar to those singleton pregnancies following ART, but the proportion of premature rupture of membranes is higher, and the risk of premature birth and low birth weight of surgical reduction were higher than that of spontaneous reduction. Surgical reduction is not recommended to use as a rescue measure of dichorionic twins conceived by ART.

Objective:To analyze the difference of maternal and neonatal outcomes for the living infant of surgically and spontaneously reduced dichorionic pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods:We used a retrospective cohort study to analyze the clinical data of 11 050 fresh/frozen-thawed double embryos transfer with singleton live birth cycles in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2014 to October 2021, including 226 cases in the surgical reduction group, 1 506 cases in the spontaneous reduction group, and 9 318 cases of singleton pregnancy in control group. The basic clinical data, maternal and fetal complications and birth outcomes of the three groups were compared by univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting maternal and infant outcomes.Results:The rate of premature rupture of membranes in the natural fetal reduction group, the surgical reduction group and control group was 1.4% (21/1 506), 1.3% (3/226) and 0.6% (56/9 318), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups ( P=0.003). The differences of the risk of preterm birth, very premature birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, and small for gestational age among the surgical fetal reduction group [17.3% (39/226), 4.0% (9/226), 15.5% (35/226), 3.1% (7/226), 9.3% (21/226)], the natural fetal reduction group [11.6% (175/1 506), 1.9% (28/1 506), 8.6% (129/1 506), 1.3% (20/1 506), 9.1% (137/1 506)] and control group [7.7% (721/9 318), 0.9% (86/9 318), 3.9% (367/9 318), 0.5% (45/9 318), 6.0% (560/9 318)] were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Compared with the spontaneous reduction group, the surgical reduction group had a higher risk of premature birth [(a OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.64-3.42, P<0.001) vs. (a OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.29-1.84, P<0.001)], very preterm birth [(a OR=4.26, 95% CI: 2.02-8.97, P=0.001) vs. (a OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.26-3.01, P=0.003)], low birth weight [(a OR=4.35, 95% CI: 2.94-6.44, P<0.001) vs. (a OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.83-2.79, P<0.001)] and small-for-gestational age[(a OR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.14-2.92, P=0.013) vs. (a OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.31-1.95, P<0.001)]. There was no statistical difference in birth defect rate among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The risk of maternal and fetal complications and birth defects for the living singletons of surgically and spontaneously reduced dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies were similar to those singleton pregnancies following ART, but the proportion of premature rupture of membranes is higher, and the risk of premature birth and low birth weight of surgical reduction were higher than that of spontaneous reduction. Surgical reduction is not recommended to use as a rescue measure of dichorionic twins conceived by ART.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of adverse events of active medical devices in Shandong province, as well as the impact of device use duration on the risk rate of adverse events, for reference in improving the monitoring system of active medical device adverse events in China and the level of hospital medical quality management.Methods:The data came from the adverse event reporting data of active medical devices collected by Shandong Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center from January 2019 to October 2021. The R software was used to analyze the distribution, cause and severity of adverse events, and a linear regression model of adverse event risk rate(Y) and adverse event time point(X) was established.Results:A total of 35 254 adverse events of active devices were included, of which 3 059 were serious injuries. The province/municipality with the largest number of reported adverse events was Shanghai(8 006 cases), and the least was Hainan province(4 cases); The majority of adverse events were reported by hospitals, with 34 056(96.60%). The medical devices reporting a higher number of adverse events were ventilators(688 cases), monitors(4 623 cases), infusion pumps(1 079 cases), syringe infusion pumps(1 995 cases), medical electron accelerators(529 cases)and infant incubators(513 cases). In the linear regression model, the risk rate of adverse events increased with the useduration of the device when 0.00%≤ X<14.14%; the risk rate of adverse events decreased with the increase of service time when 14.14%≤ X<100.00%. Conclusions:The number of adverse events reported in each province is different, and hospitals are the main reporting units.The causes of adverse events of different medical devices indicate different correlation strengths with the product itself. The use duration of medical devices poses a great impact on the risk rate of adverse events.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of abortion and their interactions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:A total of 3556 pregnant women who underwent IVF/ICSI-ET in Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2014 to June 2019 were analyzed, among which 889 women were diagnosed with PCOS (PCOS group) and 2667 women were diagnosed with infertility due to simple tube factors (control group). The clinical outcomes after pregnancy were compared between the two groups. Single and multiple logistic regression were used to find the influencing factors of abortion. Finally, subgroup analysis was conducted according to single/twin pregnancy and body mass index (BMI).Results:The abortion rate [11.81% (105/889)] and the late abortion rate [5.29% (47/889)] in PCOS group were significantly higher than those in control group [9.19% (245/2667), P=0.023; 3.64% (97/2667), P=0.031]. Univariate logistic regression showed that PCOS, twin pregnancy, high BMI, long duration of infertility were the risk factors of abortion. Multivariate logistics regression showed that the main risk factors affecting abortion rate were twin pregnancy, PCOS, and the interaction between the two factors. Subgroup analysis found that there were no differences in the early and late abortion rates between the two groups when women were singleton pregnancy. When women were twin pregnancy, the rate of early abortion was similar between the two groups, while the late abortion rate [8.58% (29/338)] in PCOS group was significantly higher than that in control group [3.11% (37/1188), P<0.001]. Conclusion:The rate of abortion is similar for PCOS women and simple tube factor infertility women when they were singleton pregnancy after IVF/ICSI-ET treatment. PCOS women have a similar rate of early abortion and higher rate of late abortion than simple tube factor infertility women when they were twin pregnancy.