Aim To investigate the effect of Huangqi injection(HI)and Huangqi oral solution(HO)on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity(CIN)based on un-targeted metabolomics technology and the underlying mechanisms.Methods Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into the blank group,cisplatin(CDDP)model group,HI treatment group,and HO treatment group,then the CIN model was built with low dose multiple intraperitoneal injections of CDDP.Pre-liminary evaluation of the renal protective efficacy of HI and HO was performed by measuring serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and organ indi-ces.Further screening and identification of potential biomarkers(PBs)related to CIN and HI/HO pharma-cological effects were attained through metabolomics studies of renal tissues,and pathway enrichment analy-sis was conducted.Results HI and HO significantly restored the abnormal increase in renal function indica-tors and abnormal decrease in organ indices caused by CDDP,as well as significantly improved the abnormal renal metabolic profile induced by CDDP,indicating that both HI and HO had good alleviating effects on CIN.HI significantly reversed 47 out of 54 CIN related PBs,mainly involving metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism,tryptophan metabo-lism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis;HO signifi-cantly reversed 18 out of 54 CIN related PBs,mainly involving metabolic pathways such as taurine and hypo-taurine metabolism,ascorbate and aldarate metabo-lism,pentose and glucuronate interconversions.Con-clusions Both HI and HO have significant alleviating effects on CIN.In the short term,HI salleviating effect is superior to that of HO.Overall,the mechanisms by which both alleviate CIN are mainly related to regula-ting lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism.

Aim To investigate the effects of m6A demethylase ALKBH5 on cardiomyocytes pyroptosis in mice with myocardial infarction(MI).Methods The MI model of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation surgery was established by knocking down ALKBH5 using adeno-associated virus,and the hypox-ia model of mouse cardiomyocytes(HL-1)was estab-lished by knocking down small interfering RNA.The effects of ALKBH5 on the pyroptosis of MI mice and hypoxic HL-1 cells were observed.Subsequently,mechanism studies were conducted at the cellular lev-el,and the binding of ALKBH5 and IGF2BP2 to NL-RP3 mRNA was detected through RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)experiments.The MeRIP-qPCR method was used to determine the effects of ALKBH5 on the mRNA m6A level of NLRP3.Acti-nomycin D for RNA stability experiments were conduc-ted to detect the effects of ALKBH5 and IGF2BP2 on the stability of NLRP3 mRNA.Results Knocking down ALKBH5 in vivo and in vitro both inhibited NL-RP3 inflammasome activation and alleviated pyroptosis in MI mice and hypoxic HL-1 cells.Mechanistically,the results showed that NLRP3 mRNA could bind to ALKBH5 protein in HL-1 cells;knocking down ALK-BH5 could increase the m6A level of NLRP3 and re-duce the stability of NLRP3 mRNA;subsequently,it was confirmed that NLRP3 mRNA and IGF2BP2 pro-tein bound to each other;knocking down IGF2BP2 in-creased the mRNA stability of NLRP3.The Rescue ex-periment showed that knocking down IGF2BP2 re-versed the decrease in NLRP3 mRNA expression caused by knocking down ALKBH5.Conclusions ALKBH5 mediated m6A modification of NLRP3 pro-motes cardiomyocytes pyroptosis in mice with myocardi-al infarction.

Objective To design a phased array ultrasonic focusing control system based on sinusoidal signal excitation in order to avoid the introduction of high-frequency interference components into the ultrasonic transducer and improve the electronic focusing performance of phased array ultrasound.Methods The system designed mainly used the high-speed field programmable gate array(FPGA)chip combined with the high-speed digital to analog converter(DAC)to realize synchronous output and control of multi-channel sinusoidal signals.There were 8 sinusoidal excitation emission modules based on FPGA and DAC and one sinusoidal ultrasonic excitation control module based on ZYNQ MPSoC involved in the hardware part of the system,in which the emission modules generated multi-channel sinusoidal excitations and timing control of sinusoidal signals within the module and the control module was responsible for controlling the triggering timing between each sinusoidal excitation transmitter module.The system developed had its software designed with MATLAB App Designer to improve the human-computer interaction experience.Performance verification was carried out for the system by testing the output waveform,inter-channel delay error and focused sound field of each channel.Results The system developed achieved generation and timing control of 64-channel sinusoidal ultrasound excitations,with the output channel main frequency being 0.5 MHz,amplitude within 0 and±12.5 V and the inter-channel delay errors not higher than 26.0 ns;a focused sound field with a focal spot diameter of 4.2 mm(-3 dB)at a depth of 50 mm was obtained when the system was applied to driving a 64-array phased-array transducer.Conclusion The system designed is capable of realizing ultrasonic electron focusing under sinusoidal excitation,which helps to improve the focusing resolution of non-invasive and precise deep brain stimulation techniques relying on the accuracy of ultrasonic focusing such as transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation(TMAS)and transcranial ultrasonic stimulation(TUS).[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(5):14-20]

Aim To investigate the effect of Huangqi injection(HI)and Huangqi oral solution(HO)on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity(CIN)based on un-targeted metabolomics technology and the underlying mechanisms.Methods Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into the blank group,cisplatin(CDDP)model group,HI treatment group,and HO treatment group,then the CIN model was built with low dose multiple intraperitoneal injections of CDDP.Pre-liminary evaluation of the renal protective efficacy of HI and HO was performed by measuring serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and organ indi-ces.Further screening and identification of potential biomarkers(PBs)related to CIN and HI/HO pharma-cological effects were attained through metabolomics studies of renal tissues,and pathway enrichment analy-sis was conducted.Results HI and HO significantly restored the abnormal increase in renal function indica-tors and abnormal decrease in organ indices caused by CDDP,as well as significantly improved the abnormal renal metabolic profile induced by CDDP,indicating that both HI and HO had good alleviating effects on CIN.HI significantly reversed 47 out of 54 CIN related PBs,mainly involving metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism,tryptophan metabo-lism,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis;HO signifi-cantly reversed 18 out of 54 CIN related PBs,mainly involving metabolic pathways such as taurine and hypo-taurine metabolism,ascorbate and aldarate metabo-lism,pentose and glucuronate interconversions.Con-clusions Both HI and HO have significant alleviating effects on CIN.In the short term,HI salleviating effect is superior to that of HO.Overall,the mechanisms by which both alleviate CIN are mainly related to regula-ting lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective To explore the risk factors for noncontiguous spinal fractures(NSFs)in the elderly.Methods The clinical data of 614 elderly patients with spinal fracture from January 2013 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Patients were divided into the NSFs group and the Non-NSFs group according to whether NSFs occurred or not.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the risk factors of NSFs.Results Univariate analysis showed that female(P=0.003),high-energy violent injury(P=0.032),osteoporosis(P=0.004),fracture in spring(P=0.020),and previous spinal fracture history(P<0.001)were associated with the occurrence of NSFs.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fracture in spring(P=0.024),previous spinal fracture history(P<0.001)and high-energy violent injury(P=0.038)were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of NSFs in the elderly.Conclusion High-energy violent injury,fracture in spring and previous spinal fracture history are the independent risk factors for the occurrence of NSFs in the elderly.Therefore,elderly patients with the above risk factors should be examined more carefully and comprehensively to avoid missed diagnosis and delayed diagnosis.In order to reduce the incidence of this disease,corresponding measures should be taken according to the preventable risk factors.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for increased drainage volume after open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF),and to establish a predictive model and then validate it.Methods The clinical data of 680 patients who underwent open TLIF at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2016 to December 2019 were collected and the patients were randomly divided into the training group(n=476)and the validation group(n=204).Taking the predictive factors screened out by LASSO regression analysis as independent variables,a multivariate Logistic regression predictive model was constructed.The model was internally validated through the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test,and calibration curve,and its clinical utility was assessed via decision curve analysis(DCA).Results LASSO regression analysis screened out four predictive variables:age,number of surgical segments,operative duration,and intraoperative blood loss.The multivariate Logistic regression predictive model demonstrated that age≥60 years,number of surgical segments≥4,operative duration≥2 hours,and intraoperative blood loss≥200 mL were independent influencing factors for the increased postoperative drainage volume in patients undergoing TLIF(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis revealed an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.816(95%CI:0.798 to 0.867)in the training group and 0.783(95%CI:0.685 to 0.823)in the validation group,indicating that the predictive model had good discriminatory ability.Additionally,the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and calibration curve indicated that the predictive model had a good degree of fit,and the predicted probability was basically consistent with the actual probability,demonstrating a good calibration.The DCA results confirmed that this predictive model could be applied in clinical practice.Conclusion The risk factors for increased drainage volume after open TLIF include age,number of surgical segments,operative duration,and intraoperative blood loss.The predictive model established based on these factors demonstrates good performance,and it can be applied in clinical guidance for the selection of drainage tube removal time after TLIF.

Aim To investigate the effects of m6A demethylase ALKBH5 on cardiomyocytes pyroptosis in mice with myocardial infarction(MI).Methods The MI model of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation surgery was established by knocking down ALKBH5 using adeno-associated virus,and the hypox-ia model of mouse cardiomyocytes(HL-1)was estab-lished by knocking down small interfering RNA.The effects of ALKBH5 on the pyroptosis of MI mice and hypoxic HL-1 cells were observed.Subsequently,mechanism studies were conducted at the cellular lev-el,and the binding of ALKBH5 and IGF2BP2 to NL-RP3 mRNA was detected through RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)experiments.The MeRIP-qPCR method was used to determine the effects of ALKBH5 on the mRNA m6A level of NLRP3.Acti-nomycin D for RNA stability experiments were conduc-ted to detect the effects of ALKBH5 and IGF2BP2 on the stability of NLRP3 mRNA.Results Knocking down ALKBH5 in vivo and in vitro both inhibited NL-RP3 inflammasome activation and alleviated pyroptosis in MI mice and hypoxic HL-1 cells.Mechanistically,the results showed that NLRP3 mRNA could bind to ALKBH5 protein in HL-1 cells;knocking down ALK-BH5 could increase the m6A level of NLRP3 and re-duce the stability of NLRP3 mRNA;subsequently,it was confirmed that NLRP3 mRNA and IGF2BP2 pro-tein bound to each other;knocking down IGF2BP2 in-creased the mRNA stability of NLRP3.The Rescue ex-periment showed that knocking down IGF2BP2 re-versed the decrease in NLRP3 mRNA expression caused by knocking down ALKBH5.Conclusions ALKBH5 mediated m6A modification of NLRP3 pro-motes cardiomyocytes pyroptosis in mice with myocardi-al infarction.

Objective:To explore and compare the clinical application value of 8-channel head phased-array coil, an 8-channel temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-specific surface coil, and a single-channel surface coil in TMJ MRI examinations.Methods:A total of 600 temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients (1 200 joints) who underwent TMJ MRI examination in the First People′s Hospital of Jinzhong from June 2020 to January 2025 were retrospectively screened. Based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, 120 TMD patients (240 joints) with closed-mouth oblique sagittal proton density weighted imaging (OSag PDWI), coronal T2 fat-suppression weighted imaging (OCor fs T2WI) and open-mouth oblique sagittal proton density weighted imaging (OSag PDWI) were included. Patients were divided into groups A, B, and C, with 40 cases in each group. Group A (31female, 9male, median age 24 years old), underwent 8-channel head phased-array coil imaging. Group B (29 female, 11male, median age 23.5 years old) underwent TMJ imaging with an 8-channel surface coil. Group C (29 female, 11male, median age 22.5 years old) underwent single-channel surface coil imaging. There were no significant differences in age, gender, type or disease types among groups ( P>0.05). Six healthy volunteers without TMD (4 female, 2 male, range 19 to 45 years old) underwent imaging with all three coils as self-control. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and image quality were compared for five regions of interest (ROI) in both patients and volunteers. Results:Under the same sequence and the same parameters, SNR and CNR in group B were higher than those in group A, and SNR and CNR in group C were also higher than those in group A, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). However, there were significant differences in SNR and CNR between group B and group C in the closed and open positions of ROI1, the open positions of ROI3 and the open positions of ROI5 ( P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in other positions ( P>0.05). Group B had the best image quality, followed by group C and group A had the worst image quality. There were significant differences in the visualization of OSag PDWI in the closed mouth position, OCor T2WI in the coronal position, and OSag PDWI in the open mouth position, such as condyle, anterior attachment, joint disc, double lamina area, joint cavity and lateral pterygoid muscle ( P<0.05). There were significant differences between group B and group C in showing the joint cavity in the closed mouth position and showing the structure of the bilaminar area in the open mouth position ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in other regions of interest ( P>0.05). The subjective scores of condyle, anterior attachment, articular disc, bilaminar area, articular cavity, lateral pterygos muscle and other structures were medium to high in group A, high in group B, and high or high in group C by two radiologists independently. In the five rois, the 8-channel TMJ surface coil showed more details, especially in the articular disc, condyle and lateral pterygoid muscle regions, and had more advantages in both volunteers and patients. Conclusions:The 8-channel TMJ-specific surface coil provides significantly clearer visualization of critical anatomical details within the ROIs, demonstrating the highest clinical application value and is recommended as the preferred choice.

Aim To explore the mechanism of the syn-ergistic effect of the ferroptosis inducer erastin com-bined with shikonin in promoting ferroptosis in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts(HSFBs).Methods Hypertrophic scar tissues provided by the General Hos-pital of Ningxia Medical University were collected,and HSFBs were extracted.HSFBs were identified by HE staining and immunofluorescence.The inhibitory rates of Era and SHK on HSFBs at different concentrations were detected by CCK-8 assay,and the IC50 value was calculated.CompuSyn software was used to calculate the co-use index(CI).Control group,Erastin(Era)group,shikonin(SHK)group and Era+SHK group were set up,and the number and morphological chan-ges of cells were observed after 24 hours of interven-tion.The ability of cell migration and invasion was de-tected by scratch test and Transwell test.The changes of malondialdehyde(MDA),total iron ion and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by corresponding biochemical kits.The expressions of collagen I,α-SMA and GOT1,SLC7A11,GPX4 and FTH1 were detected by Western blot.Results The IC50 value of Era and SHK of primary HSFBs was 2.22 μmol·L-1 and 3.94μmol·L-1 respectively,which was used as the single drug concentration for subsequent experiments.The CompuSyn software was employed to calculate the CI value when the two drugs were used in combination,and the concentrations corresponding to CI=0.39597(Era:1.2 μmol·L-1+SHK:1.5 μmol·L-1)were selected as subsequent combination concentrations(Because when CI was equal to 0.395 97,the concen-tration of each drug was lower than the concentration of single drug,and the inhibition rate of combined drug was greater than 50％).Compared with the monother-apy group,the number of HSFBs in the SHK+Era group was significantly reduced,cell membrane showed breakage and vesiculation,cell wrinkling became smal-ler,and cytoplasm was concentrated.The migration and invasion ability of HSFBs in the SHK+Era group were obviously weakened(P＜0.05),and the expres-sion of fibrosis-related proteins collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA was reduced(P＜0.05);the contents of MDA,total i-ron ions,and ROS in HSFBs of the SHK+Era group increased(P＜0.05),and the protein expression lev-els of SLC7A11,GOT1,GPX4,and FTH1 further de-creased(P＜0.05).Conclusions Erastin in combi-nation with shikonin can synergistically inhibit the pro-liferation,migration and fibrosis levels of HSFBs.The mechanism may be that erastin enhances the inhibition of shikotin on GOT1,increases the levels of cellular i-ron ions,ROS,and lipid peroxides,thereby promoting ferroptosis in HSFBs.