OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and burden of headache disorders in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021. METHODS: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, the number of prevalent cases, prevalence rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized DALY rates were analyzed by sex, age group, and province for headache disorders and their subtypes (migraine and tension-type headache [TTH]) between 1990 and 2021. Percentage changes during this period were also estimated. RESULTS: In 2021, approximately 426 million individuals in China were affected by headache disorders, with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 27,582.61/100,000. The age-standardized DALY rate for all headache disorders was 487.15/100,000. Between 1990 and 2021, the number of prevalent cases increased by 37.78%, while the prevalence of all headache disorders, migraine, and TTH increased by 6.92%, 7.57%, and 7.86%, respectively. The highest prevalence was observed in the 30-34 age group (39,520.60/100,000). Migraine accounted for a larger proportion of DALYs attributable to headache disorders, whereas TTH has a greater impact on its prevalence. In 2021, the highest age-standardized DALY rates for headache disorders were observed in Heilongjiang (617.85/100,000) and Shanghai (542.86/100,000). CONCLUSION The prevalence of headache disorders is increasing in China. Effective health education, improve diagnosis and treatment are essential, particularly for middle-aged working populations and women of childbearing age.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Aged ; Child ; Headache Disorders/epidemiology* ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Child, Preschool ; Cost of Illness ; Infant ; Aged, 80 and over

Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS3) is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays critical roles in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and insulin secretion. Recent structural studies have elucidated BRS3 signaling mechanisms using synthetic ligands, including BA1 and MK-5046. However, the molecular basis of BRS3 activation by bioactive natural compounds and their derivatives, particularly those derived from traditional Chinese medicine, remains unclear. Here, we present high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human BRS3-G_q complex in both unliganded and active states bound by two herb-derived compounds (DSO-5a and oridonin), at resolutions of 2.9, 2.8, and 2.9 Å, respectively. These structures display distinct ligand recognition patterns between DSO-5a and oridonin. Although both compounds bind to the orthosteric pocket, they differentially engage the interaction network of BRS3, as demonstrated by mutagenesis studies assessing calcium mobilization and inositol phosphate 1 (IP1) accumulation. These findings enhance our understanding of BRS3 activation and provide valuable insights into the development of small-molecule BRS3 modulators with therapeutic potential.

Objective To propose a brain electrical phase prediction method based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of phase synchronization prediction in transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods First,an LSTM consisting of an input layer,an LSTM layer,an ReLU activation layer,a fully connected layer and a regression layer was constructed to capture the EEG signal features through the synergistic action of input gates,forgetting gates and output gates.Second,eye-open resting-state EEG data from 30 healthy subjects were trained using the LSTM to obtain a predictive model for EEG signal and EEG phase prediction.Finally,the LSTM method and the traditional autoregressive(AR)method were compared in terms of the phase prediction errors at the overall and individual levels and the prediction performance for peaks and troughs.A regression model was used to explore the relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error with the LSTM method.Results The LSTM method achieved a total phase prediction error of 0.04°±5.69°,which was lower than that of the traditional AR method(-3.36°±51.13°).For each subject,the LSTM method demonstrated superior phase prediction accuracy compared to the traditional AR method(P＜0.001).The accuracy for predicting peaks(troughs)by the LSTM method(about 89％)was higher than that by the traditional AR method(about 10％).Unlike the traditional AR method,the LSTM method didnot result in linear relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error,with Pvalues being 0.58 and 0.18,respectively.Conclusion The LSTM-based brain electrical phase prediction method shows high accuracy and robustness when used for EEG phase-synchronized TMS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):1-8]

To further investigate the molecular genetic characteristics of enzomatic nasal tumor vi-rus of goats(ENTV-2)in Yunnan Province,this study measured and analyzed the entire genome of ENTV-2 in Yunnan Province.The results showed that the complete genome sequence of the EN-TV-2 YN2023 strain(GenBank accession number:PP682590.1)was successfully obtained.The YN2023 strain has a total length of 7 307 bp and a typical structure of 5'-M5-gag-pro-pol-env-M3-3'.Whole genome sequence homology analysis showed that the nucleotide homology between YN2023 strain and 41 reference strains ranges from 85.3％to 95.5％.The whole genome evolution-ary tree indicates that the YN2023 strain is closely related to the prevalent strains in China,with certain genetic diversity and geographical clustering.The analysis of the gag gene evolutionary tree shows that the gag gene cluster of YN2023 strain is on a branch of the ENTV-2 gag gene,and YN2023 is clustered on the same small branch as enENTV-FJ1 and GDQY2017 strains,with the closest genetic relationship.The env gene evolutionary tree shows that YN2023 is on the same branch as GDQY2017,GDZJ2022,ENTV-2CHN1-6,ENTV-FJ1,and ENTV-FJ3,and is also on the same branch as GDQY2017,indicating a close genetic relationship.Recombination analysis showed that the YN2023 strain underwent a potential recombination event between breakpoint positions 6378-7478 bp,with the Chinese Chongqing strain enENTV-CQ1(OR669623.1)as the primary parent and the Chinese Sichuan strain BH(MT254062.1)as the secondary parent.This study enriches the genomic information of the ENTV-2 strain in Yunnan Province and provides data sup-port for the genetic variation of ENTV-2 in Yunnan Province.

In 2023,the U.S.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)continued to advance the deployment of biotechnology projects.By translating cutting-edge biotechnological breakthroughs into practical applications,DARPA provided new methods to enhance the U.S.military capabilities in treating war wounds,improving the performance of facilities and equipment,and boosting soldier effectiveness.This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the progress of DARPA biotechnology projects in 2023,aiming to provide reference for related research endeavors in China.

In 2024,the U.S.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)intensified its deployment and management of biotechnological defense applications that involved four major domains:combat effectiveness enhancement,biosecurity defense,development of military materials,and intelligent biotechnology.This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of DARPA's 2024 biotech advancements to provide a reference for related research and development in China.

Objective To propose a brain electrical phase prediction method based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of phase synchronization prediction in transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).Methods First,an LSTM consisting of an input layer,an LSTM layer,an ReLU activation layer,a fully connected layer and a regression layer was constructed to capture the EEG signal features through the synergistic action of input gates,forgetting gates and output gates.Second,eye-open resting-state EEG data from 30 healthy subjects were trained using the LSTM to obtain a predictive model for EEG signal and EEG phase prediction.Finally,the LSTM method and the traditional autoregressive(AR)method were compared in terms of the phase prediction errors at the overall and individual levels and the prediction performance for peaks and troughs.A regression model was used to explore the relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error with the LSTM method.Results The LSTM method achieved a total phase prediction error of 0.04°±5.69°,which was lower than that of the traditional AR method(-3.36°±51.13°).For each subject,the LSTM method demonstrated superior phase prediction accuracy compared to the traditional AR method(P＜0.001).The accuracy for predicting peaks(troughs)by the LSTM method(about 89％)was higher than that by the traditional AR method(about 10％).Unlike the traditional AR method,the LSTM method didnot result in linear relationships between instantaneous EEG amplitude,signal-to-noise ratio and phase prediction error,with Pvalues being 0.58 and 0.18,respectively.Conclusion The LSTM-based brain electrical phase prediction method shows high accuracy and robustness when used for EEG phase-synchronized TMS.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):1-8]

To further investigate the molecular genetic characteristics of enzomatic nasal tumor vi-rus of goats(ENTV-2)in Yunnan Province,this study measured and analyzed the entire genome of ENTV-2 in Yunnan Province.The results showed that the complete genome sequence of the EN-TV-2 YN2023 strain(GenBank accession number:PP682590.1)was successfully obtained.The YN2023 strain has a total length of 7 307 bp and a typical structure of 5'-M5-gag-pro-pol-env-M3-3'.Whole genome sequence homology analysis showed that the nucleotide homology between YN2023 strain and 41 reference strains ranges from 85.3％to 95.5％.The whole genome evolution-ary tree indicates that the YN2023 strain is closely related to the prevalent strains in China,with certain genetic diversity and geographical clustering.The analysis of the gag gene evolutionary tree shows that the gag gene cluster of YN2023 strain is on a branch of the ENTV-2 gag gene,and YN2023 is clustered on the same small branch as enENTV-FJ1 and GDQY2017 strains,with the closest genetic relationship.The env gene evolutionary tree shows that YN2023 is on the same branch as GDQY2017,GDZJ2022,ENTV-2CHN1-6,ENTV-FJ1,and ENTV-FJ3,and is also on the same branch as GDQY2017,indicating a close genetic relationship.Recombination analysis showed that the YN2023 strain underwent a potential recombination event between breakpoint positions 6378-7478 bp,with the Chinese Chongqing strain enENTV-CQ1(OR669623.1)as the primary parent and the Chinese Sichuan strain BH(MT254062.1)as the secondary parent.This study enriches the genomic information of the ENTV-2 strain in Yunnan Province and provides data sup-port for the genetic variation of ENTV-2 in Yunnan Province.

Objective:Discipline construction is the key and effective method for the high-quality development of hospitals. This study summarized the practical and valuable experience of discipline construction with the support of the ″Sanming Project of Medicine″ in Shenzhen, to provide a worthy reference for similar projects and hospital specialty development.Methods:Taking the introduction of the hematology-oncology team of the Canadian Children′s Hospital as an example, we analyzed the background, the process, and the effectiveness of discipline construction of hematology and oncology of Shenzhen Children′s Hospital under the support of the ″Sanming Project of Medicine″, and explored the common rules for rapid specialty development.Results:Through the implementation of two levels supporting policies from cities and hospitals and quantifiable and verifiable annual progressive program, the adoption of the international advanced medical management mode and concepts, and the transformation and application of cutting-edge clinical technologies, we successfully built the largest pediatric hematologic oncology diagnosis and treatment center in South China and the largest pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant center in China. By executing a multi-level talent developing program, the number of specialists with MD and PhD degrees increased by 6.5 times, and 23 doctors and nurses were trained abroad, leading to the development of provincial key clinical specialties and municipal key scientific research platforms.Conclusions:This project concluded the beneficial experience of introducing high-level overseas medical teams to boost discipline construction, including internationally advanced medical concepts and management modes, tiered talent cultivation schemes, the construction of clinical and basic research platforms, etc., providing references for the rapid improvement of discipline construction in terms of health care for other hospitals in Shenzhen and similar cities.