Objective Based on the propensity score matching(PSM),the effect of flexible ureteroscopy combined with flexible negative pressure suction sheath in the treatment of infectious renal calculus lithotomy was analyzed.Methods From April 2022 to April 2024,87 patients with infectious renal calculus in our hospital were selected retrospectively.All patients were treated with flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy(FURL).According to the different choice of ureteral access sheath(UAS)during operation,they were divided into negative pressure sheath group(n=43)and conventional sheath group(n=44).In the negative pressure sheath group,the flexible negative pressure suction sheath was used for FURL,and in the conventional sheath group,the conventional sheath was used for FURL.The general data of patients with infectious renal calculus between groups were compared,and the indicators were balanced by PSM.The clinical efficacy,perioperative indicators,levels of procalcitonin(PCT)and white blood cell count(WBC)and postoperative complications of patients with infectious renal calculus were compared between the two groups.Results After 1∶1 ratio matching by PSM,42 pairs of patients with infectious renal calculus were obtained,.The stone clearance rate of negative pressure sheath group[90.48%(38/42)]was significantly higher than that of conventional sheath group[71.43%(30/42)](P<0.05).The minimum intrapelvic pressure,average intrapelvic pressure and maximum intrapelvic pressure in the negative pressure sheath group were lower than those in the conventional sheath group,operation time and hospitalization time in the negative pressure sheath group were shorter than those in the conventional sheath group(P<0.05).The levels of PCT and WBC in the negative pressure sheath group were lower than those in the conventional sheath group at 2 h after operation,and the time for PCT and WBC to recover to the normal level were shorter than those in the conventional sheath group(P<0.05).The total incidence of postoperative complications in negative pressure sheath group[9.52%(4/42)]was significantly lower than that in conventional sheath group[28.57%(12/42)](P<0.05).Conclusion Flexible ureteroscopy combined with flexible negative pressure suction sheath is effective in the treatment of renal calculus,which is helpful to reduce intra-operative renal pelvis pressure,shorten operation time,reduce PCT and WBC levels after operation,and promote patients'early recovery with good safety.

Microbial-derived metabolites are important mediators of host-microbial interactions. In recent years, the role of intestinal microbial metabolites in colorectal cancer has attracted considerable attention. These metabolites, which can be derived from bacterial metabolism of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules such as bile acids, or directly from bacteria, strongly influence the progression of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) by regulating inflammation and immune response. Here, we review how microbiome metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids, polyamines, microbial tryptophan metabolites, and polyphenols are involved in the tumorigenesis and development of CAC through inflammation and immunity. Given the heated debate on the metabolites of microbiota in maintaining gut homeostasis, serving as tumor molecular markers, and affecting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in recent years, strategies for the prevention and treatment of CAC by targeting intestinal microbial metabolites are also discussed in this review.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology* ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis/metabolism* ; Colitis-Associated Neoplasms/microbiology* ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism* ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism* ; Colitis/microbiology*

Objective Based on the propensity score matching(PSM),the effect of flexible ureteroscopy combined with flexible negative pressure suction sheath in the treatment of infectious renal calculus lithotomy was analyzed.Methods From April 2022 to April 2024,87 patients with infectious renal calculus in our hospital were selected retrospectively.All patients were treated with flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy(FURL).According to the different choice of ureteral access sheath(UAS)during operation,they were divided into negative pressure sheath group(n=43)and conventional sheath group(n=44).In the negative pressure sheath group,the flexible negative pressure suction sheath was used for FURL,and in the conventional sheath group,the conventional sheath was used for FURL.The general data of patients with infectious renal calculus between groups were compared,and the indicators were balanced by PSM.The clinical efficacy,perioperative indicators,levels of procalcitonin(PCT)and white blood cell count(WBC)and postoperative complications of patients with infectious renal calculus were compared between the two groups.Results After 1∶1 ratio matching by PSM,42 pairs of patients with infectious renal calculus were obtained,.The stone clearance rate of negative pressure sheath group[90.48%(38/42)]was significantly higher than that of conventional sheath group[71.43%(30/42)](P<0.05).The minimum intrapelvic pressure,average intrapelvic pressure and maximum intrapelvic pressure in the negative pressure sheath group were lower than those in the conventional sheath group,operation time and hospitalization time in the negative pressure sheath group were shorter than those in the conventional sheath group(P<0.05).The levels of PCT and WBC in the negative pressure sheath group were lower than those in the conventional sheath group at 2 h after operation,and the time for PCT and WBC to recover to the normal level were shorter than those in the conventional sheath group(P<0.05).The total incidence of postoperative complications in negative pressure sheath group[9.52%(4/42)]was significantly lower than that in conventional sheath group[28.57%(12/42)](P<0.05).Conclusion Flexible ureteroscopy combined with flexible negative pressure suction sheath is effective in the treatment of renal calculus,which is helpful to reduce intra-operative renal pelvis pressure,shorten operation time,reduce PCT and WBC levels after operation,and promote patients'early recovery with good safety.

ObjectiveTo analyze the fingerprint of six pungent herbs based on the molecular connectivity index（MCI）and the matching frequency total statistical moment method， and to study the division and integration of the "imprinting template" of their volatile components， so as to find the common "imprinting template" characteristics of the pungent herbs. MethodThe volatile components of six pungent herbs were extracted by steam distillation， and their fingerprints were established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） with a programmed temperature increase（80 ℃ for 5 min， 5 ℃·min^-1 to 200 ℃ for 5 min， 2 ℃·min^-1 to 230 ℃ for 10 min）， a splitting ratio of 20∶1， an electron bombardment ion source（EI） and the detection range of m/z 35-650， and the average MCI and total statistical moment parameters of the fingerprints were calculated. Then the matching frequency method was used to classify， integrate and confirm the chromatographic peaks of the fingerprints of six pungent herbs. ResultThe average zero order， first-order and second-order MCI values of the volatile components of Pogostemonis Herba， Artemisiae Argyi Folium， Atractylodis Rhizoma， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Magnoliae Flos and Schizonepetae Herba were 9.02， 5.28 and 5.05， respectively. The average values of peak number， total zero-order moment， total first-order moment and total second-order moment were 60， 169×10⁷， 22.49 min and 36.82 min²， respectively. The 20 integrated imprinting templates were obtained by the matching frequency method for the six pungent herbs， among which three were common imprinting templates with the retention times of （25.97±0.21），（26.90±0.20），（31.64±1.24） min， respectively， and the representative components were valencene，β-elemene， caryophyllin， etc. ConclusionMCI combined the matching frequency total statistical moment can divide and integrate the characteristics of imprinting templates of six pungent herbs， and find their common chromatographic imprinting characteristics， which can provide a reference for the determination of effective substances of pungent herbs.

Indonesia is an island country in Southeast Asia. In 2014, Indonesia established the National Health Insurance System (NHIS), and until 2019, the NHIS hadcovered 82% residents. The leading causes of death in Indonesia were stroke, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, tuberculosis and cirrhosis. In 1996, the Indonesian Ministry of Health allowed acupuncturists to enter Indonesian medical institutions to practice acupuncture. After that acupuncture was included in college education as a major course. However, there are still some problems, such as insufficient policy and legislation support of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), imperfect education and talent training system of TCM, and low acceptance of TCM theories. Therefore, it is recommended that the local societies and organizations could actively promote the government’s legislation on TCM; local TCM schools could build a team of excellent teachers, improve teaching quality, and cultivate local TCM talents; strengthen the cooperation and exchanges of traditional medicine between the two countries to promote the spread and development of TCM in Indonesia.

Objective:To verify the ability of the newly developed ultra-high resolution CT (U-HRCT) for displaying the fine bony anatomy of temporal bone.Methods:The cone-beam CT architecture was used on U-HRCT. The focus size of X-ray generator was 0.27 mm × 0.29 mm, the rated tube voltage was 60-100 kV, and the unit size of flat panel detector was 0.074 8 mm×0.074 8 mm. From October to December 2019, 16 adult head specimens (32 temporal bones, provided by Huanghe University of Science and Technology) were imaged using U-HRCT. The scanning mode was small-field-of-view and high-resolution scanning for unilateral temporal bone. The scanning parameters were: voltage 100 kV, current 3.5 mA, rotation time 40 s, reconstructed field of view 65 mm×65 mm, voxel size 0.1 mm×0.1 mm×0.1 mm, layer number 370, slice thickness 0.1 mm, and slice interval 0.1 mm. The ultimate spatial resolution of the system was detected using a phantom with line pair card, after the scanning with the same parameters. Through multi-planar reconstruction and minimum intensity projection method, a total of 6 anatomical positions of 4 structures (stapes footplate, cochlear axis bottom, vestibular aqueduct internal orifice and isthmus, cochlear aqueduct internal orifice and auditory sac segment) were scored with 1-3 points. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the difference of bilateral scores of each structure.Results:The phantom test results showed that the ultimate spatial resolution of the system was ≥4.0 lp/mm. The scores of stapes footplate, cochlear axis bottom and vestibular aqueduct internal orifice were ≥2 points, with a display rate of 100%. The display rates of vestibular aqueduct isthmus, cochlear aqueduct internal orifice and auditory sac segment were 87.5% (28/32), 71.9% (23/32) and 53.1% (17/32), respectively. There were no significant differences in left and right scores of all anatomical structures ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The newly developed U-HRCT has good display ability for fine bony anatomy of temporal bone and has great clinical application potential.

As a carbon-storage compound and osmoprotectant in brown algae, mannitol is synthe-sized and then accumulated at high levels in Saccharina japonica (Sja);however, the underlying con-trol mechanisms have not been studied. Our analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from Sja shows that mannitol metabolism is a cyclic pathway composed of four distinct steps. A mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (M1PDH2) and two mannitol-1-phosphatases (M1Pase1 and MIPase2) work together or in combination to exhibit full enzymatic properties. Based on comprehensive tran-scriptomic data from different tissues, generations, and sexes as well as under different stress con-ditions, coupled with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and proteomic confirmation, we suggest that SjaM1Pase1 plays a major role in mannitol biosynthesis and that the basic mannitol anabolism and the carbohydrate pool dynamics are responsible for carbon storage and anti-stress mechanism. Our proteomic data indicate that mannitol metabolism remains constant during diurnal cycle in Sja. In addition, we discover that mannitol-metabolism-associated (MMA) genes show differential expression between the multicellular filamentous (gametophyte) and large parenchymal thallus (sporophyte) generations and respond differentially to environmental stresses, such as hyposalineand hyperthermia conditions. Our results indicate that the ecophysiological significance of such dif-ferentially expressed genes may be attributable to the evolution of heteromorphic generations (fil-amentous and thallus) and environmental adaptation of Laminariales.

Objective To evaluate the treatment effects of chemotherapy comparing with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods 234 patients were cyto-pathologically diagnosed and staged as limited small cell lung cancer. The patients were treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy,in which 22 cases were treated by alone chemotherapy (C),39 patients by chemotherapy plus radiotherapy(C+R),and 173 cases by combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy + chemotherapy (C+R+C). The chemotherapy regimen included CE (or PE),CAP or CAV for 4~6 cycles. Irradiation treatment covering the primary tumor,the ipsilateral hilar nodes and mediastinum was delivered once daily with 6 megavoltage X-ray beam to a median irradiation does of 56 Gy being given in 5~6 weeks. Results The 1-,2-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 76.5%,38.2%,25.3%,15.6% respectively,and the median survival time (MST) was 19 months. There was a significantly difference on the survival rate between C+R+C group and C+R group or C group (P

Objective:To further explore the relationship between Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction and the mechanism of the viral hepatitis B through the research of soluble intercellular adhesion molecular-1(sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecular-1(sVCAM-1) levels in serum in patients with viral hepatitis B related to Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction and the damage of liver cells, and therefore, provide new theory for the perfection of the immunological mechanism of hepatitis B, especially acute hepatitis B.Methods:Serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels were measured in 45 patients with viral hepatitis B and 15 normal cases using double antibody sandwich ELISA method. ALT and AST levels were studied using omni automatic biochemistry analyzer and its correlation with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were observed.Results:The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 7 acute hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of the normal cases. ②The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 38 chronic hepatitis B were also significantly higher than that of the normal cases. ③The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 13 cases moderate chronic hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of 16 cases mild chronic hepatitis B. ④The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 9 serious chronic hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of the group of mild chronic hepatitis B. ⑤Levels of sICAM-1 were significantly positively correlated with serum ALT and AST. ⑥sVACM-1 levels were significantly positively correlated with serum ALT and AST. In conclusion, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with acute hepatitis B were most remarkably increased, and then serious chronic hepatitis B, moderate chronic hepatitis B, light chronic hepatitis B in sequence.Conclusion:Serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with viral hepatitis B may reflect the damage of liver. ②Examination of serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with hepatitis B can be used to judge the patient’s condition and to diagnose. ③As an important indication of the inflammatory in Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 may interfere the appearence of hepatitis B and the procedure of immunological damage of liver cells.

Objective:To present evidence for the pathogenetic role of allergic factor,histamine,in type I allergy for induction of liver damage.Methods:Three groups of rabbits were fed normally and injected (iv) daily with 0, 0.04 or 0.08 ?g/kg phosphohistamine, respectively, for days. The serum level of ALT and AST in each group rabbits was assayed dynamically during the treatment. After treatment for days, the tested rabbits were sacrificed for pathological examination of the liver tissues.Results:The serum level of both ALT and AST in rabbits treated with phosphohistamine increased significantly during the tested periods, compared to that of the control group. However, both ALT and AST levels showed no significant difference between 0.04 ?g/kg and 0.08 ?g/kg groups. Liver microscopic examination, pathological damage could be observed in the tested groups in a time-and dose-dependent manner under microscopic examination. No evident pathological change appeared in the control group.Conclusion:Liver damage could be induced by histamine dosage-and time-dependently. This pathological action of histamine, a type I allergic factor, presents further evidence for a direct role of type I allergy in the pathogenesis hepatic injury.