The industry standard Barium Sulfate Anti-Radiation Mortar (JC/T 2676—2022) was officially released on September 30, 2022, and came into effect on April 1, 2023. The promulgation and implementation of this standard play a significant role in improving the product quality of barium sulfate anti-radiation mortar, promoting industry development, and safeguarding the occupational health of workers. To facilitate accurate understanding of the standard clauses and ensure proper implementation of its requirements, this article elaborated on the background, objectives, and significance of the standard development, along with an interpretation of its key clauses.

Nutritional support therapy is one of the extremely important treatment methods for patients in the intensive care unit. Timely and effective nutritional support regimens can improve patients' immune function, reduce complications, and optimize clinical outcomes. Energy expenditure is influenced by multiple factors, including patients' baseline characteristics (such as physical condition, gender, age) and dynamic changes in indicators (such as body temperature, nutritional support regimens, and therapeutic interventions). The currently recognized "gold standard" for accurately assessing energy metabolism in clinical practice is the indirect calorimetry system, also known as the metabolic cart. This device monitors carbon dioxide production and oxygen consumption in real time and uses specific algorithms to estimate the metabolic proportions of the three major nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) in energy expenditure. An appropriate nutrient ratio helps maintain the balance between supply and demand in the body's nutritional metabolism. In the management of critically ill patients, the application of the metabolic cart enables personalized nutritional therapy, avoiding over- or under-supply of energy and optimizing the use of medical resources. Furthermore, with real-time, quantitative data support from the energy metabolism monitoring system, clinicians can develop more precise nutritional intervention strategies, thereby improving patient prognosis. This article provides a systematic review of the technical features of the metabolic cart and its application value in various critical care scenarios, aiming to offer a reference for indirect calorimetry in clinical practice.
Humans ; Critical Illness/therapy* ; Nutritional Support ; Energy Metabolism ; Calorimetry, Indirect

Objective:To explore the effect and possible mechanism of Semen euryales mixture(QSHJ)on renal injury in lu-pus nephritis.Methods:The 14-week-old C57BL/6 mice were the control group of 8.The 14-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly di-vided into model group,QSHJ low,medium and high doses groups(7.48,14.95,29.90 g/kg),and prednisone group(5 mg/kg)of 8 mice each.The control group and the model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage once a day for 4 weeks.Urine was collected to detect urinary protein content.HE and PASM staining were used to observe renal tissue injury.The serum levels of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA.The protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphor-ylated PI3K(p-PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT),phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT),nuclear factor kappa B p65(NF-κB p65)and phos-phorylated NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)were detected by Western blot.The protein expressions of PI3K,p-PI3K,AKT and p-AKT were detected by immunohistochemistry.The positive expression of NF-κB p65 was observed by immunofluorescence.Results:Com-pared with the control group,the urinary protein content in the model group increased significantly(P<0.05),the renal tissue was in-filtrated with inflammatory cells,and the tissue structure was destroyed obviously,the contents of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α in se-rum were significantly increased(P<0.05),the expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 were signifi-cantly increased(P<0.05),the protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were increased significantly(P<0.05),the positive expres-sion of NF-κB p65 was increased significantly.Compared with the model group,the urinary protein content of QSHJ low,medium and high doses groups and prednisone group decreased significantly(P<0.05),the infiltration of inflammatory cells in renal tissue was re-lieved,and the damage of tissue structure was alleviated.the contents of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were significantly de-creased(P<0.05),the expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the positive expression of NF-κB p65 flu-orescence was decreased.Conclusion:QSHJ can improve the pathological manifestations of renal tissue in MRL/lpr mice and alleviate the disease process.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in renal tissue and the re-duction of inflammatory response by QSHJ.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the effect and possible mechanism of Semen euryales mixture(QSHJ)on renal injury in lu-pus nephritis.Methods:The 14-week-old C57BL/6 mice were the control group of 8.The 14-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly di-vided into model group,QSHJ low,medium and high doses groups(7.48,14.95,29.90 g/kg),and prednisone group(5 mg/kg)of 8 mice each.The control group and the model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage once a day for 4 weeks.Urine was collected to detect urinary protein content.HE and PASM staining were used to observe renal tissue injury.The serum levels of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA.The protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphor-ylated PI3K(p-PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT),phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT),nuclear factor kappa B p65(NF-κB p65)and phos-phorylated NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)were detected by Western blot.The protein expressions of PI3K,p-PI3K,AKT and p-AKT were detected by immunohistochemistry.The positive expression of NF-κB p65 was observed by immunofluorescence.Results:Com-pared with the control group,the urinary protein content in the model group increased significantly(P<0.05),the renal tissue was in-filtrated with inflammatory cells,and the tissue structure was destroyed obviously,the contents of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α in se-rum were significantly increased(P<0.05),the expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 were signifi-cantly increased(P<0.05),the protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were increased significantly(P<0.05),the positive expres-sion of NF-κB p65 was increased significantly.Compared with the model group,the urinary protein content of QSHJ low,medium and high doses groups and prednisone group decreased significantly(P<0.05),the infiltration of inflammatory cells in renal tissue was re-lieved,and the damage of tissue structure was alleviated.the contents of Anti-dsDNA,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were significantly de-creased(P<0.05),the expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the positive expression of NF-κB p65 flu-orescence was decreased.Conclusion:QSHJ can improve the pathological manifestations of renal tissue in MRL/lpr mice and alleviate the disease process.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in renal tissue and the re-duction of inflammatory response by QSHJ.

Objective To investigate the relationship between neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(NHR)and the severity of coronary artery lesions in young adults with acute myocardial infarction.Methods A total of 109 young a-dults(aged 18～45 years)with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2019 to June 2023 were selected and divided into Syntax low-risk group(n=85)and Syntax medium-high-risk group(n=24)according to Syntax score.Patients with negative coronary angiography during the same period were negative control group(n=52).General clinical data and related serum markers were collected,and NHR value was calculated.Pearson correla-tion analysis and logistics regression analysis were performed to examine the correlation between NHR and the severity of coro-nary artery lesions.Subgroup analysis and interaction testing were further conducted.The receiver operating curve(ROC)was performed to evaluate the value of NHR in predicting the severity of coronary artery lesions in young adults with acute myocar-dial infarction.Results Gender,smoking rate,alcohol consumption rate,diabetes history,absolute number of neutrophils,tri-glyceride,HDL-C,NHR,VLDL-C,apolipoprotein B(APOB),fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were signifi-cantly different among the three groups(P＜0.05).In pairwise comparison,the absolute number of neutrophil and NHR were significantly different among the three groups.BMI was significant different between non-CHD group and Syntax medium-high-risk group.HDL-C,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were significant different between Syntax low-risk group and non-CHD group,as well as between Syntax medium-high-risk group and non-CHD group(P＜0.05).Creatinine and APOB were significant different between Syntax low-risk group and non-CHD group.Triglyceride,VLDL-C and LP(a)were significant different between Syntax low-risk group and Syntax medium-high-risk group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a positively correlation between NHR and Syntax score(r=0.322,P＜0.01).Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regres-sion analysis showed that NHR(OR=1.265,95％CI1.097～1.458,P＜0.05)was an independent risk factor for the severity of coronary artery lesions in young adults with acute myocardial infarction.Subgroup analysis showed that NHR was significantly associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with BMI≥24 kg/m2,smokers,drinkers and non-drinkers(P＜0.05).No significant difference was observed in interaction analysis.The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)predicted by NHR for acute myocardial infarction in young adults was 0.758,with a cut-off value of 7.0319,sensitivity of 83.3％,and specificity of 63.53％.Conclusion NHR has a certain value in predicting the severity of coronary artery lesions in young adults with acute myocardial infarction.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of various oral Chinese patent medicines in the adjuvant treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome （CP/CPPS） based on network Meta-analysis. MethodRandomized controlled trials （RCTs） of oral Chinese patent medicine in the adjuvant treatment of CP/CPPS were retrieved from the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Cochrane Library， EMbase， and Web of Science from database inception to November， 2022. The quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool， and the data were analyzed by RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16 software. ResultA total of 63 RCTs were included， with 13 kinds of oral Chinese patent medicines involved， including Qianlie Shutong capsules， Ningmitai capsules， Qianlie Beixi capsules， Sanjin tablets， etc. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of clinical effective rate， the intervention measure ranked first was Qianlie Beixi capsules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing pain， the intervention measure ranked first was Sanjin tablets combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing urination disorder， the intervention measure ranked first was Relinqing granules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of improving quality of life， the intervention measure ranked first was Qianlie Beixi capsules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing the total National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index （NIH-CPSI） score， the intervention measure ranked first was Yinhua Miyanling tablets combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing leukocyte count in prostatic secretions， the intervention measure ranked first was Qianlie Jiedu capsules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of safety， the intervention measure with the least adverse reactions was Qianlie Shutong capsules combined with conventional western medicine. The cluster analysis results showed that Qianlie Shutong capsules combined with conventional western medicine had outstanding efficacy and high safety. ConclusionOral Chinese patent medicine in the adjuvant treatment of CP/CPPS can improve the comprehensive efficacy， reduce the NIH-CPSI score and leukocyte count in prostatic secretions， and improve the quality of life of patients. For clinical treatment， the preferred choice is Qianlie Beixi capsules or Qianlie Shutong capsules combined with conventional western medicine. Limited by the quantity and quality of literature included in this study， the results need to be verified by high-quality studies with a larger sample size.

Objective:To explore the incidence and risk factors of parastomal hernia after colostomy.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 145 patients undergoing colostomy in Xinxiang Central Hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 were collected. There were 86 males and 59 females, aged(59±11) years. Patients received pelvic and abdominal computed tomography once every 6 months after colostomy to detect the occurrence of parastomal hernia. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and the independent sample t test was used for comparison between groups. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and chi-square test or Fisher exact probability was used for comparison between groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the cumulative annual incidence of parastomal hernia. Logarithmic rank test was used to analyze the cumulative incidence based on clinical variables. COX proportional hazard regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results:(1) Incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy. All the 145 patients were followed up for 86(range, 60?108)months after colostomy, of which 46 cases had parastomal hernia and 99 cases had no parastomal hernia. There were significant differences in gender, age, body mass index (BMI) and chronic liver disease between patients with and without parastomal hernia after colostomy ( χ2=23.28, t=13.27, χ2=6.17, 5.82, P<0.05). (2) Annual cumulative incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative incidence of parastromal hernia after colostomy was 8.5%, 26.4% and 42.7%, respectively. When the follow-up time is more than 5 years, the incidence of parastromal hernia tended to be stable. The 5-year incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy in female patients was higher than that in male patients (70.7% vs 20.3%, χ2=12.37, P<0.05). The 5-year incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy in patients≥60 years old was higher than that in patients under 60 years old (49.8% vs 20.0%, χ2=10.52, P<0.05). The 5-year incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy in patients with BMI >28 kg/m 2 was higher than that in patients with BMI ≤28 kg/m 2 (55.3% vs 33.2%, χ2=11.76, P<0.05). The 5-year incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy in patients with chronic liver disease was higher than that in patients with non-chronic liver disease (45.2% vs 32.4%, χ2=15.32, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of risk factors for parastomal hernia after colostomy. Results of multivariate analysis showed that female, age >60 years old, BMI ≥28 kg/m 2 and chronic liver disease were independent risk factors for parastomal hernia after colostomy ( hazard ratio=2.70, 2.51, 1.85, 5.88, 95% confidence intervals as 1.39?6.74, 1.01?4.59, 1.02?4.87, 1.05?8.24, P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy is increasing year by year, and tends to be stable after 5 years. Female, age >60 years old, BMI≥28 kg/m 2, and chronic liver disease are independent risk factors for parastomal hernia after colostomy.

Objective:To investigate the correlation and influencing factors between sarcopenia and cardiac structure and function in elderly inpatients.Methods:A total of 945 elderly patients, aged 60 years and older, were recruited from the Geriatrics Department at Xuanwu Hospital.Sarcopenia was assessed, while cardiac structure and function were evaluated through echocardiography and NT-proBNP measurements.Results:Patients were classified into two groups: a sarcopenia group(n=185, 19.6%)and a non-sarcopenia group(n=760, 80.4%).Compared to the non-sarcopenia group, the sarcopenia group exhibited a reduction in left atrial diameter(LAD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), left ventricular mass(LVM), stroke volume(SV), and cardiac output(CO)(all P<0.05).In contrast, NT-proBNP levels were significantly elevated in the sarcopenia group( P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified older age( OR=1.080, P<0.001)and elevated NT-proBNP( OR=1.001, P<0.001)as independent risk factors for sarcopenia.Conversely, higher LAD( OR=0.858, P<0.001)and LVM( OR=0.988, P=0.002)were recognized as independent protective factors.Additionally, NT-proBNP demonstrated a negative correlation with handgrip strength( r=-0.241, P<0.001), gait speed( r=-0.215, P<0.001), SPPB score( r=-0.270, P<0.001), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASM)( r=-0.208, P<0.001), while exhibiting a positive correlation with the 5-time chair stand test( r=0.169, P<0.001).LVM was positively correlated with handgrip strength( r=0.213, P<0.001)and ASM( r=0.456, P<0.001).Furthermore, LAD was positively correlated with handgrip strength( r=0.071, P=0.029)and ASM( r=0.305, P<0.001). Conclusions:Notably, significant differences exist in cardiac structure and function between elderly patients with sarcopenia and those without.Furthermore, indicators related to sarcopenia are correlated with alterations in cardiac structure and function.