This paper summarizes the clinical experience of professor ZHANG Zhiwen in differentiating and treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） at stages， with the method of diffusing and clearing to unblock the channel pathways， while warming and subduing to restore the original qi. Professor ZHANG posits that the core pathogenesis of this disease lies in depletion of original qi， leading to impaired qi transformation of sanjiao （三焦）， and obstruction of channel pathways. Accordingly， a staged differentiation and treatment strategy based on the methods of diffusing and clearing to unblock the channel pathways， while warming and subduing to restore the original qi has been proposed. COPD was divided into the acute exacerbation stage and the stable stage. In acute exacerbation stage， priority is given to diffusing lung and clearing up turbidity， scatter and dredge the channel passages， using the self-formulated Xuandi Tongsui Formula （宣涤通隧方）. During the stable stage， the treatment should focus on simultaneously regulating sanjiao， warming and subduing yang to restore the original qi， using the self-formulated Wenqian Guiyuan Formula （温潜归元方）. In addition， the principles of carefully protecting mild yang， avoiding excessive astringent medicinals， and restoring respiration to its root are emphasized throughout the entire course of disease prevention， treatment， and rehabilitation.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Purpose To investigate the evaluation value of multimodal MRI in the outcome of traumatic brain injury(TBI)in rats.Materials and Methods A total of 30 TBI rat models were established,randomly divided into an untreated TBI group and a TBI treated group(hyperbaric oxygen)with 15 rats each.The Sham group with 15 rats was used as a healthy control,and the brain injury status of the rats was evaluated at 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d of modeling.Multimodal MRI was performed in parallel,and coronary T2WI,diffusion weighted imaging,diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion tensor imaging sequences were routinely scanned.The correlation between rat neurological function scores and various sequence parameters were analyzed,as well as multimodal MRI and the outcome of brain injury after TBI treatment in rats.Results The neurological function score and average kurtosis of the TBI treatment group were lower than those of the TBI untreated group(P<0.05).The apparent diffusion coefficient and anisotropy score of the TBI treatment group were higher than those of the TBI untreated group(P<0.05).The diffusion weighted imaging parameter apparent diffusion coefficient value and diffusion tensor imaging parameter fraction anisotropy value were negatively correlated with the degree of brain injury in TBI rats after 28 days of treatment(r=-0.675,-0.611,P<0.05),while the diffusion kurtosis imaging parameter mean kurtosis value was positively correlated with the degree of brain injury in TBI rats after 28 days of treatment(r=0.623,P<0.05).Conclusion Multimodal MRI can effectively evaluate the brain injury status of TBI rats and provide valuable information for dynamic evaluation after hyperbaric oxygen therapy for TBI,with high evaluation value in treatment outcomes.

Objective:To validate the validity of the auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework in comprehensive rhinoplasty for Chinese Han females.Methods:The clinical data of Chinese Han female patients with short nose and saddle nasal deformity undergoing primary rhinoplasty at the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, from August 2021 to October 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent comprehensive rhinoplasty, involving the implantation of an auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework at the nasal tip and a dorsal nasal implant on the nasal bridge.Postoperative follow-up monitored for complications. At 6-month postoperatively, a satisfaction survey was conducted among the patients, their family, or friends using a scale where: very satisfied with improvement=4, moderately satisfied with improvement=3, Slightly satisfied with improvement=2, No improvement=1. Additionally, two plastic surgeons evaluated the postoperative outcomes using a scale where: excellent=5, very good=4, good=3, fair=2, poor=1.Preoperative and 6-month postoperative photographs were processed using Image J software to measure the following parameters: nasolabial angle, nasofacial angle, nasofrontal angle, columellar lobular angle, nasal height, and nasal length. Paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 18 patients were included, with a mean age of (26.4 ± 7.2) years (range: 18-45 years). The mean postoperative follow-up duration was (23.0 ± 9.3) months (range: 6 months to 3 years). All patients recovered well, with no severe complications occurring.The mean patient satisfaction score regarding the postoperative outcome was 3.50 ± 0.62. The mean satisfaction score from family or friends was 3.33 ± 0.69. The two evaluating plastic surgeons rated the outcomes as 4.17 ± 0.85 and 3.94 ± 0.93, respectively, both falling between the excellent and very good categories on the assessment scale.Statistically significant differences (all P < 0.01) were found between preoperative and 6-month postoperative measurements for all assessed nasal parameters. Nasolabial angle: 99.68° ± 2.95° vs. 95.37° ± 1.09°; nasofacial angle: 29.47° ± 2.99° vs. 32.82° ± 2.23°; nasofrontal angle: 140.72° ± 5.18° vs. 133.79° ± 4.43°; columellar lobular angle: 44.86° ± 3.43° vs. 39.23° ± 6.44°; nasal height: (57.52 ± 0.60) mm vs. (58.41 ± 0.39) mm; nasal length: (50.08 ± 0.54) mm vs. (50.64 ± 0.31) mm. Conclusion:The use of the auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework combined with a prosthesis in rhinoplasty, requiring only unilateral or bilateral auricular cartilage, effectively improved low nose and short nose deformities in the majority of Chinese Han females. This validates the favorable outcome of this framework in comprehensive rhinoplasty for this population.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of morin on the cell cycle progression and prolif-eration ability of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway.Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was used for in vitro experiments.Different concentrations of morin(0,30,90,150 μg/mL)were used to treat human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549.Cell survival rate was detected by CCK-8 method,cell cycle distribution was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining method,cell proliferation ability was detected by clone formation assay,cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell invasion assay,cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining method,and the expres-sion levels of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway related proteins were analyzed by Western blot.Results CCK-8 experimental results showed that the survival rate of A549 cells in the morin-treated group significantly decreased with the increase in morin concentration(P＜0.05).The results of Hoechst 33342 staining showed that the proportion of G1 phase cells in the morin-treated group significantly increased,and the proportion of S phase and G2/M phase cells significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The results of the colony formation assay showed that the number of colonies formed in the morin-treated group was significantly less than that in the control group,and the colony formation rates in the 90 μg/mL and 150 μg/mL groups were reduced by approximately 50％and 70％respectively(P＜0.05).Transwell invasion assay results showed that the number of invasive cells in the morin-treated group was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).TUNEL staining results showed that the proportion of apoptotic cells in the morin-treated group significantly increased(P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in the morin-treated group were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),and the expression level of Smad7 was significantly in-creased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Morin blocks A549 cells in the G1 phase by regulating the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting cell proliferation,reducing cell invasion ability,and inducing cell apopto-sis.This indicates that morin has potential application value in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective To discover the mechanism by which miR-1287-5p affects the sensitivity of human esophageal cancer cell line KYSE30 to paclitaxel.Methods KYSE30 cells were divided into control group,group of transfected with miR-1287-5p mimic and inhibitor groups.RT-qPCR was used to detect the transfection rate.A paclitaxel-resistant cell line was established and cell viability and half inhibitory concentration(IC50)were detected by CCK-8 assay.The scratch test,Transwell chamber test and TUNEL method were used to evaluate the migration,invasion and apoptosis of cells.Western blot and immunocytochemistry(ICC)were used to detect the expression and localization of Akt and GSK-3β in cells.Results The expression level of miR-1287-5p in the miR-1287-5p mimic group was significantly higher than that in the miR-NC group and control group(P＜0.05),while the ex-pression level of the miR-1287-5p inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in miR-NC group and control group(P＜0.05).The cell survival rate of the miR-1287-5p mimic group was higher than that of the miR-NC group and the miR-1287-5p inhibitor group(P＜0.05).The cell migration rate and number of invasive cells in the miR-1287-5p mimic group were higher than those of the miR-NC group(P＜0.05),and the apoptosis rate was lower than that of the miR-NC group(P＜0.05).While in miR-1287-5p,the cell migration rate was lower and invasive cells were less in the inhibitor group and the apoptosis rate was increased as compared to the miR-NC group(P＜0.05).The expression of Akt and GSK-3β in the miR-1287-5p mimic group was significantly increased than in the miR-NC group(P＜0.05),while the expression in the miR-1287-5p inhibitor group was significantly inhibited than in miR-NC group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Up-regulation of miR-1287-5p can promote the migration and invasion of paclitaxel-resistant cell lines,inhibit cell apoptosis and thereby promote the development of paclitaxel resistance.

Purpose To investigate the evaluation value of multimodal MRI in the outcome of traumatic brain injury(TBI)in rats.Materials and Methods A total of 30 TBI rat models were established,randomly divided into an untreated TBI group and a TBI treated group(hyperbaric oxygen)with 15 rats each.The Sham group with 15 rats was used as a healthy control,and the brain injury status of the rats was evaluated at 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d of modeling.Multimodal MRI was performed in parallel,and coronary T2WI,diffusion weighted imaging,diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion tensor imaging sequences were routinely scanned.The correlation between rat neurological function scores and various sequence parameters were analyzed,as well as multimodal MRI and the outcome of brain injury after TBI treatment in rats.Results The neurological function score and average kurtosis of the TBI treatment group were lower than those of the TBI untreated group(P<0.05).The apparent diffusion coefficient and anisotropy score of the TBI treatment group were higher than those of the TBI untreated group(P<0.05).The diffusion weighted imaging parameter apparent diffusion coefficient value and diffusion tensor imaging parameter fraction anisotropy value were negatively correlated with the degree of brain injury in TBI rats after 28 days of treatment(r=-0.675,-0.611,P<0.05),while the diffusion kurtosis imaging parameter mean kurtosis value was positively correlated with the degree of brain injury in TBI rats after 28 days of treatment(r=0.623,P<0.05).Conclusion Multimodal MRI can effectively evaluate the brain injury status of TBI rats and provide valuable information for dynamic evaluation after hyperbaric oxygen therapy for TBI,with high evaluation value in treatment outcomes.

Objective:To validate the validity of the auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework in comprehensive rhinoplasty for Chinese Han females.Methods:The clinical data of Chinese Han female patients with short nose and saddle nasal deformity undergoing primary rhinoplasty at the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, from August 2021 to October 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent comprehensive rhinoplasty, involving the implantation of an auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework at the nasal tip and a dorsal nasal implant on the nasal bridge.Postoperative follow-up monitored for complications. At 6-month postoperatively, a satisfaction survey was conducted among the patients, their family, or friends using a scale where: very satisfied with improvement=4, moderately satisfied with improvement=3, Slightly satisfied with improvement=2, No improvement=1. Additionally, two plastic surgeons evaluated the postoperative outcomes using a scale where: excellent=5, very good=4, good=3, fair=2, poor=1.Preoperative and 6-month postoperative photographs were processed using Image J software to measure the following parameters: nasolabial angle, nasofacial angle, nasofrontal angle, columellar lobular angle, nasal height, and nasal length. Paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 18 patients were included, with a mean age of (26.4 ± 7.2) years (range: 18-45 years). The mean postoperative follow-up duration was (23.0 ± 9.3) months (range: 6 months to 3 years). All patients recovered well, with no severe complications occurring.The mean patient satisfaction score regarding the postoperative outcome was 3.50 ± 0.62. The mean satisfaction score from family or friends was 3.33 ± 0.69. The two evaluating plastic surgeons rated the outcomes as 4.17 ± 0.85 and 3.94 ± 0.93, respectively, both falling between the excellent and very good categories on the assessment scale.Statistically significant differences (all P < 0.01) were found between preoperative and 6-month postoperative measurements for all assessed nasal parameters. Nasolabial angle: 99.68° ± 2.95° vs. 95.37° ± 1.09°; nasofacial angle: 29.47° ± 2.99° vs. 32.82° ± 2.23°; nasofrontal angle: 140.72° ± 5.18° vs. 133.79° ± 4.43°; columellar lobular angle: 44.86° ± 3.43° vs. 39.23° ± 6.44°; nasal height: (57.52 ± 0.60) mm vs. (58.41 ± 0.39) mm; nasal length: (50.08 ± 0.54) mm vs. (50.64 ± 0.31) mm. Conclusion:The use of the auricular cartilage fish-shaped framework combined with a prosthesis in rhinoplasty, requiring only unilateral or bilateral auricular cartilage, effectively improved low nose and short nose deformities in the majority of Chinese Han females. This validates the favorable outcome of this framework in comprehensive rhinoplasty for this population.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Transcription factor EB(TFEB)is a member of the microphthalmia associated transcription factor family.It plays an important role in lipid metabolism and other biological processes by regulating the expression of auto-phagy and lysosomal related genes.The activity and cellular localization of TFEB can be regulated by posttranslational modifications of proteins.This paper discusses the mechanism of autophagy regulation by TFEB posttranslational modifica-tion,aiming to help understand the pathogenesis of related diseases caused by abnormal autophagy,and provides new ideas and feasible intervention targets for the prevention and treatment of corresponding diseases.